Dubna State University

The theory of spin effects (with the particular emphasis on T-odd ones) in QCD and its development in JINR is reviewed, including some personal recollections on the joint work with A.V. Efremov. The analysis of the sources of imaginary phases and respective cuts in hadronic kinematic variables leads to the effective character (non-universality) of T-odd distribution functions, contrary to universality of T-odd fragmentation functions. In particular, the model calculations of DIS with explicit T-violations can be used to predict the oscillations of T-odd polarizing fragmentation function. The comparison of polarization effects in hadronic and heavy-ion collisions is addressed.

The purpose of the study is to examine the practice of using neural network technologies by students of humanities and technical specialties in the educational process. Research methods and organization. Methods of survey and comparative data analysis were used. The survey was conducted among students of higher education institutions in Irkutsk, receiving humanitarian and technical education. Research results and conclusions. It has been found that neural networks have become a widespread tool in educational activities, with the main usage patterns being information retrieval and text generation. It has been determined that students in technical fields demonstrate a higher readiness to use neural networks, whereas students in the humanities express greater concerns related to the dehumanization of education and technical difficulties. It has been established that a common barrier is the insufficient level of digital competence and self-organization skills. The study's conclusions underscore the need to develop specialized digital competence, ensuring proficiency in critical and responsible approaches to the use of artificial intelligence in educational and professional activities.

The subject of the study is the inspection of the scene in the context of detecting staged crimes. The object of the study is the practical aspects of the inspection of accident sites, accompanied by attempts to falsify the actual circumstances of the event. The author examines in detail the mechanisms for detecting dramatizations, the impact of modern technologies and the need for constant updating of professional competencies of law enforcement officers. Special attention is paid to a comprehensive approach to the study of the forensic features of the scene, including psychological and technological aspects. This article discusses the actual issue of the occurrence of a crime and the identification of this fact during the inspection of the scene. The connection between the theoretical significance and the practical applicability of the previously proposed methods for solving this problem is identified and determined. The terminology, methodology and availability of concepts in this field are investigated. The research methodology presented in this article includes an integrated approach to studying the problem of detecting staged crimes at the scene. It is based on an analysis of existing scientific approaches and practical activities of law enforcement officers. The work was carried out on the basis of theoretical analysis, a review of legal and specialized literature, as well as personal practical experience. The main conclusions of the study are aimed at developing recommendations for improving tactical and methodological approaches to conducting an inspection of the scene of an accident, which will improve the quality of the preliminary investigation and ensure the objectivity of the final results. The article defines staging as an attempt to disguise the actual circumstances of a crime by changing the situation and providing false information. The main signs of staging are investigated, such as the discrepancy of individual details with the general appearance of the crime scene, the presence of unnecessary traces or their complete absence, as well as techniques for establishing genuine events through the professional eye of the investigator, and includes a comparison of existing methods proposed by leading Russian scientists. It also provides a comparison of the normative provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation with empirical observations and examples from judicial and criminal practice.

This paper presents a scoping map of approaches aimed at improving the reliability of machine-learning model explanations through ensembling, aggregation, and multimodal fusion, and it systematizes evaluation metrics and sources of explanation variability. The study was conducted as a scoping review and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR. The search covered publications from 2015–2026 in Russian and English in Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, OpenAlex, arXiv, OpenReview, and CyberLeninka; citation chasing of key papers was also performed. The final corpus comprised 106 sources. The results show that explanation variability is driven by differences among explainers, stochasticity and hyperparameter settings, model uncertainty, and data-related effects. Three levels of ensembling and major classes of aggregators are discussed, including rank-based, trust-weighted, and probabilistic schemes; for heterogeneous representations, multimodal fusion and cross-modal agreement assessment are considered. Risks of false consensus, manipulation, adversarial fragility, and computational constraints are discussed. Engineering recommendations for building an explanation pipeline with uncertainty quantification are proposed, and directions for future work toward formal guarantees and standardized protocols are outlined.

This paper presents the application of combined non-destructive diagnostic methods—neutron and X-ray tomography, conducted using the TITAN neutron radiography and tomography facility at the WWR-K reactor, as well as the IMAX X-ray tomography facility, to visualize the internal structure of 2032 and 18650 battery cells provided by the Research, Design, and Technology Center for Electrochemical Engineering at Dubna State University. The obtained X-ray and neutron tomography data revealed inhomogeneities in the distribution of the base materials, as well as areas of low and high radiation attenuation, gaps, and voids at the boundaries between the electrodes and the battery case. The analysis results demonstrate the high efficiency of X-ray and neutron tomography for quality assessment during the manufacture of such batteries. The conducted test demonstration experiments allow for the development of methods for the combined application of these methods and provide a basis for their further use in the research and development of new battery systems.

Equilibrium configurations of one-component charge particles confined in a disk potential are analyzed at zero temperatures. With the increase of the particle number the hexagonal structure of equilibrium configurations breaks, giving rise to the nucleation of defects. One of the central issues is to identify conditions for the nucleation of the hexatic phase in such systems, which is accompanied by the appearance of defects in the Wigner crystalline phase. A joint orientation-translational correlation analysis of structural changes, occurring with an increase of the number of particles, elucidates the precursors of the onset of the hexatic phase in the considered system.

The ATLAS EventIndex is a catalog of all recorded and simulated ATLAS events, one of four main experiments at the LHC accelerator at CERN. The Event Picking Service is one of the components of the ATLAS Event Index. It is used when a user wants to collect interesting events from a huge amount of ATLAS data and reprocess them. The process of retrieving an event can be split into separate tasks. The set of tasks may differ for different event types. Some tasks use external services, which can take a long time to receive results. An error may occur as a result of completing the task. Some of these errors can be corrected automatically by the service, but some require administrator intervention. Failed tasks must be restarted from the specified step after the problem is manually corrected by the administrator. This is critical if the error occurs after a long-running task has been completed. All of the above leads to the fact that the Event Picking Service must be flexible and be able to be customized for a specific situation. This paper is dedicated to describing how elasticity is achieved in the Event Picking Service and how it improves during operation.