E4t Electronics for Transportation (Czechia)

Abstract CTU in Prague Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Department of Transport Systems, deals in its research with the issue of allocating the capacity of a railway transport path. The capacity of any transport route is a limiting element in terms of its functionality. It is not always possible to meet all requirements and the allocator has to decide how to allocate capacity, so that it is as efficient as possible and achieves as many societal benefits as possible. The research team deals with this issue by using a modified STEM (Step Method) method for its research, which is a tool for linear optimization. The article presents the use of this method on the railway line Plzeň - Žatec in the Czech Republic. It deals with its sensitivity while changing the parameter of the number of passengers in the individual segments of the passenger rail transport. There are many requirements for the allocation of railway capacity, but the infrastructure is not able to satisfy all of them. The article presents a simulation of three variants of the number of passengers expected in regional expresses. This represents the possibility of allocating capacity to different train segments in situations when the infrastructure cannot satisfy all requirements for railway capacity allocation.KeywordsRailway infrastructure capacityRequirements of operators and regional public transport managersSTEM methodPlzeň – Žatec railway lineOptimization

The article outlines some human factors affecting the operation and safety of passenger air transport given the massive increase in the use of the VLA. Decrease of the impact of the CO2 world emissions is one of the key goals for the new aircraft design. The main wave is going to reduce the burned fuel. Therefore, the eco-efficiency engines combined with reasonable economic operation of the aircraft are very important from an aviation perspective. The prediction for the year 2030 says that about 90% of people, which will use long-haul flights to fly between big cities. So, the A380 was designed exactly for this time period, with a focus on the right capacity, right operating cost and right fuel burn per seat. There is no aircraft today with better fuel burn combined with eco-efficiency per seat, than the A380. The very large aircrafts (VLAs) are the future of the commercial passenger aviation. Operating cost versus safety or CO2 emissions versus increasing automation inside the new generation aircraft. Almost 80% of the world aircraft accidents are caused by human error based on wrong action, reaction or final decision of pilots, the catastrophic failures of aircraft systems, or air traffic control errors are not so frequent. So, we are at the beginning of a new age in passenger aviation and the role of the human factor is more important than ever.