Education Department of Jiangxi Province

Glaucoma is the leading irreversible cause of blindness worldwide. Dietary hexadecenoic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid with anti-inflammatory and lipid-modulating properties. However, its association with glaucoma remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary hexadecenoic acid intake and glaucoma among adults. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008, including 705 participants aged ≥ 40 years. Dietary hexadecenoic acid intake was assessed through two 24-h dietary recalls, and glaucoma diagnosis was based on expert grading of optic disc images. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between dietary hexadecenoic acid intake and glaucoma prevalence. Dose-response relationships between dietary hexadecenoic acid intake and glaucoma were explored using restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve analysis. The subgroup analysis evaluated the consistency of the association across different populations. Participants with higher dietary hexadecenoic acid intake showed a significantly lower prevalence of glaucoma. In fully adjusted models, each 1 g/day increase in hexadecenoic acid intake was associated with a 39% reduction in glaucoma prevalence (OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.91, p = 0.018). Quartile analysis revealed that participants in the highest quartile of hexadecenoic acid intake had a lower glaucoma prevalence compared to the lowest quartile. RCS curve analysis demonstrated a linear negative correlation. Subgroup analyses indicated that the negative effects of dietary hexadecenoic acid intake on glaucoma were stronger in males, low-education and non-diabetic individuals. Higher dietary hexadecenoic acid intake is associated with reduced glaucoma prevalence. Given the limitations of cross-sectional studies, in the future, prospective studies should be conducted to verify the protective effect of hexadecenoic acid on glaucoma.

Cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) poses a significant global health challenge. The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a promising biomarker for cardiometabolic risk, but there is limited information on its cumulative effect on CMM and the underlying mechanisms. This study investigated the association of cumulative AIP exposure with CMM risk, and explored the mediating roles of the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and body mass index (BMI). This study was based on data from 5,454 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011 baseline). The participants were stratified into tertiles of cumulative AIP (cuAIP) and classified into three distinct AIP trajectory groups using k-means clustering. Associations between cuAIP levels, AIP trajectories, and CMM incidence were assessed using logistic. The relationship between cuAIP and CMM was further examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCS). Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate the mediating roles of the TyG index and BMI. Finally, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to validate the results. A total of 385 CMM cases were observed during the 7-year follow-up. Cluster analysis revealed the highest CMM incidence (12.1%) in the persistently high AIP trajectory group. Logistic regression models indicated that the highest cuAIP group (OR 2.81, 95% CI: 1.95-4.14) and high AIP trajectory group (OR 2.34, 95% CI: 1.68-3.28) had the highest CMM risk, with consistent results in sensitivity analyses and most subgroups. The AUC of cuAIP for predicting CMM was 0.648, and RCS curves demonstrated increasing CMM incidence with rising cuAIP levels. Mediation analysis indicated that the TyG index and BMI mediated 74% and 26% of the total effect, respectively. This study establishes AIP as an independent predictor of CMM, whereby its effect is primarily mediated by the TyG index and BMI. These findings support the implementation of integrated clinical strategies to effectively prevent CMM and its associated diseases.

As a vital tributary of the Poyang Lake system, the Xinjiang River plays a crucial role in maintaining regional aquatic biodiversity and sustainable fisheries. However, anthropogenic pressures and climate change have led to significant degradation in fish community structure, including declining species diversity and population miniaturization. This study presents the first systematic evaluation of length–weight relationships (LWRs) for 11 native fish species in Xinjiang River, filling an important gap in fundamental biological data for this region. Fish samples were collected from 10 sampling sites between June and September 2022. LWR parameters ( W = aL b ) were determined using Le Cren’s log‐transformation method, with 95% confidence intervals and coefficients of determination ( R 2 ) calculated. Results showed that the allometric coefficient (b) ranged from 2.24 to 3.28 among the 11 Cyprinidae species, with Hemiculter bleekeri and Toxabramis swinhonis exhibiting significant negative allometric growth ( b < 3). All species demonstrated high model fit ( R 2 > 0.95). This study reports the first LWR records for Megalobrama skolkovii and T. swinhonis in FishBase and reveals spatial variations in growth patterns compared with other Yangtze tributaries, likely reflecting ecological and anthropogenic influences. These findings provide essential data for evidence‐based fisheries management and conservation strategies in the Xinjiang River basin.

Barrier materials frequently exhibit nonlinear adsorption characteristics for contaminants in leachate, with this nonlinearity becoming increasingly pronounced at higher concentrations. A composite vertical cut-off wall, constructed from an adsorptive soil-bentonite mixture and a geosynthetic clay liner provides an effective solution for barrier systems and emergency responses to organic contaminants. Understanding the transport mechanisms of degradable contaminants (e.g., organic pollutants) within the composite cut-off wall is essential for evaluating barrier effectiveness against contamination. This study established a general theoretical model for the one-dimensional transport of degradable contaminants in the composite vertical cut-off wall, considering nonlinear adsorption, advection, diffusion, mechanical dispersion, and degradation processes during the transport period simultaneously. Parametric studies show that the relative concentrations of degradable contaminants in the composite cut-off wall, based on the Freundlich adsorption assumption, significantly differ from those predicted by the linear adsorption assumption. The influence of the Freundlich adsorption model parameters on contaminant transport and boundary conditions was thoroughly analyzed. The degradation process can effectively reduce the relative concentration of contaminants in the composite cut-off wall. Notably, the time required for the contaminant concentration to traverse the composite cut-off wall and reach the limit value (breakthrough time), when considering degradation (t1/2 = 10 a), is 1.7 times that calculated without accounting for degradation. Furthermore, increased permeability of the aquifer under the boundary conditions results in lower contaminant concentrations within the outlet range of the transport model, leading to a corresponding increase in breakthrough time.

У статті досліджено економічні передумови, функціональні особливості та перспективи розвитку установок зберігання енергії (УЗЕ) в Україні в умовах сучасних військово-економічних викликів. Актуальність теми зумовлена ключовою роллю електроенергії у функціонуванні економічного середовища, високим рівнем централізації енергосистеми України, а також критичними наслідками руйнування енергетичної інфраструктури внаслідок збройної агресії російської федерації. За цих умов забезпечення надійності, гнучкості та стійкості енергопостачання набуває не лише економічного, а й безпекового значення, що зумовлює зростання стратегічної ролі УЗЕ. У статті уточнено сутність установок зберігання енергії як цілісних інфраструктурних об’єктів, що поєднують елементи накопичення, перетворення та управління електроенергією. Показано, що УЗЕ виконують широкий спектр функцій, доведено, що багатофункціональність і технологічна гнучкість УЗЕ формують передумови їх ефективного використання. Зроблено висновок, що установки зберігання енергії формують підґрунтя економічної безпеки, підвищують стійкість економічного середовища та створюють передумови для відновлювального і сталого розвитку України.

Abstract Modern aero-engine and gas-turbine development imposes ever-higher demands on combustor performance. Among various combustor designs, the trapped-vortex combustor (TVC) excels in flame stability and pollutant reduction, yet suffers from insufficient heat and mass transfer between the main flow and the cavity. To address this issue, a cavity-jet combined combustor is developed by introducing a cavity structure into the jet-stabilized combustor (JSC). The aim is to preserve vortex stabilization while significantly enhancing mass and energy transfer within the combustor. Building on previous work, this paper further investigates the effects of air jet angle on the combustion flow and NO emission characteristics of a combustor with a cavity through numerical analysis. The results show that in the constricted combustor configuration, as the jet angle increases, the high-temperature zone area in the combustor decreases, while the temperature magnitude and combustion efficiency increase. The minimum NO emission occurs at a jet angle of 30°.

Skid resistance is a key factor in road safety, directly affecting vehicle stability and braking efficiency. To enhance predictive accuracy, this study develops a multilayer perceptron (MLP) model for forecasting the Sideway Force Coefficient (SFC) of asphalt pavements and systematically examines the role of activation functions and optimizers. Seven activation functions (Sigmoid, Tanh, ReLU, Leaky ReLU, ELU, Mish, Swish) and three optimizers (SGD, RMSprop, Adam) are evaluated using regression metrics (MSE, RMSE, MAE, R2) and loss-curve analysis. Results show that ReLU and Mish provide notable improvements over Sigmoid, with ReLU increasing goodness of fit and accuracy by 13–15%, and Mish further enhancing nonlinear modeling by 12–14%. For optimizers, Adam achieves approximately 18% better performance than SGD, offering faster convergence, higher accuracy, and stronger stability, while RMSprop shows moderate performance. The findings suggest that combining ReLU or Mish with Adam yields highly precise and robust predictions under multi-source heterogeneous inputs. This study offers a reliable methodological reference for intelligent pavement condition monitoring and supports safety management in highway transportation systems.