Entomological Society of America

Oilseed crops are very important part of cropping system in Pakistan and known as 2nd important source of edible oil after groundnuts. The objective of study to find out the response of different Varieties of canola against different insect pests under field conditions. Five Varieties viz. T1 =AARI Canola, T2= Super canola, T3= Sandal Canola, T4= Rachna Canola, T5= TM Canola were sown during 2023-24 and 2024-25 under Randomized complete block design (RCBD) having three replications at farm area of Entomological Research Institute, AARI. Faisalabad. For observation of Sawfly, Ten plants from each replications were randomly selected, tagged and data regarding insect population (no. of grubs per plant) were recorded while in the case of painted bug, number of bugs (nymph + adults) from each randomly selected plants were counted whereas in the case of aphid, number of aphid from 10cm central twig of five selected plants were observed. The results during 2023-24 revealed that the highest mean population of sawfly, painted and aphid was recorded on Sandal Canola (4.5, 8.75, 131.89 respectively ) followed by Rachna Canola (4.15, 7.15, 115.44 respectively) whereas AARI Canola (1.90, 4.15, 43.44 respectively) showed minimum pest mean population. Similar tends of insect pests on varieties was observed during 2024-25. Temperature and Humidity showed a negative correlation with mean population of sawfly (r = –0.7536, -0.1488) and painted bug (r = –0.8310, -0.0219) whereas temperature was recorded positive correlation with mean aphid population (r = 0.5119) but relative humidity was negative correlated to aphid population.

Abstract Research involving insects currently falls outside the scope of animal welfare legislation in the UK; however, many institutions in the UK require submission of procedures involving insects to their internal ethics review board. Here, we have surveyed UK institutions to assess what proportion require ethics applications for work with insects. Further, we surveyed entomologists working at UK institutions to understand when requirements first came about at their institution and (if applicable) their experiences with ethics review, including feedback received, resources used/desired, and their self-reported confidence in submitting applications. In addition, we assessed entomologists’ perception of the influence of ethics review on research quality and their general attitudes and values towards the ethical treatment of insects in research and the process of ethics review. Our data demonstrate that just over half of UK institutions (51.6%) require ethics review for research with insects starting in 2008 with a steady trend towards increasing institutional requirements over time. Entomologists currently submitting are largely confident in their applications (68.8%, confident) but the majority believed that resources like training on ethics in the insect context and greater research on insect welfare would be helpful. Entomologists largely believed that ethics applications had either a positive effect (44.6%) or no effect (39.6%) on research quality; early career entomologists were more likely to report a positive effect of ethics review on study quality. Qualitative responses suggest the entomological community has diverse values and attitudes towards the ethical treatment of insects in research.

Tsvetkov, E.V. (2023): Two new species of leaf-rollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the East Caucasus. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 19 (1): 3-7, DOI: 10.23885/181433262023191-37, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.23885/181433262023191-37

Modern Concepts & Developments in Agronomy Pumpkin Seeds into Nanoparticles Amie E Norton1, Jeff Whitworth1* Robert Ewing2 and Lee W Cohnstaedt2 1Department of Entomology, USA 2National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility, USA *Corresponding author: Jeff Whitworth, Department of Entomology, Manhattan, Ks, USA Submission: October 23, 2022;Published: December 14, 2022 DOI: 10.31031/MCDA.2022.12.000782 ISSN 2637-7659Volume12 Issue 2

Aim. To reveal mutual relations between species of the genus Nalassus in taxocenes and the division of ecological niches during cohabitation.Material and Methods. Observations and collection of adult beetles and food objects were carried out in 2020–2022 in Dagestan, North Ossetia, Kabardino‐Balkaria, Karachay‐Cherkessia, Krasnodar Region (Russia) and Abkhazia. The nutrition of beetles was observed directly in nature at night with headlamps, and in some cases in laboratory conditions using the test cafeteria method. The number of beetles per area was counted on 100 × 4 m transects. The number, sexual structure and diurnal activity (feeding, copulation) were observed with the pause of 15 to 25 minutes. We measured temperature (the range from −4 to +40°C) and humidity (the range from 0 to 100%) by loggers every 7 minutes.Results. New localities for seven known species of Nalassus are presented. The new species N. (Caucasonotus) ritsanus M. Nabozhenko, sp. n. is described from environs of Ritsa Lake in Abkhazia and it is compared with other Abkhazian representatives of the subgenus Caucasonotus. We revealed or added information about trophic relations for eight species of the genus; lichenophagy is typical for the majority of species; phytophagy and saprophagy were registered for Nalassus for the first time; algophagy was fixed for two species. The number, sex structure in micropopulations and ranges of air temperature and humidity during the period of imagoes activity were analyzed.Conclusion. The most important and perhaps the only strategy for reducing competition in the cohabitation of Nalassus in the Caucasus is a trophic specialization. An occupation of open landscapes by Caucasian Nalassus did not play a role in the subgeneric differentiation, but was partially accompanied by a transition from lichenophagy to phytophagy and saprophagy.

Honey bees exposed to Varroa mites incur substantial physical damage in addition to potential exposure to vectored viruses such as Deformed wing virus (DWV) that exists as three master variants (DWV-A, DWV-B, and DWV-C) and recombinants. Although mite-resistant bees have been primarily bred to mitigate the impacts of Varroa mites, mite resistance may be associated with increased tolerance or resistance to the vectored viruses. The goal of our study is to determine if five honey bee stocks (Carniolan, Italian, Pol-Line, Russian, and Saskatraz) differ in their resistance or tolerance to DWV based on prior breeding for mite resistance. We injected white-eyed pupae with a sublethal dose (105) of DWV or exposed them to mites and then evaluated DWV levels and dissemination and morphological symptoms upon adult emergence. While we found no evidence of DWV resistance across stocks (i.e., similar rates of viral replication and dissemination), we observed that some stocks exhibited reduced symptom severity suggestive of differential tolerance. However, DWV tolerance was not consistent across mite-resistant stocks as Russian bees were most tolerant, while Pol-Line exhibited the most severe symptoms. DWV variants A and B exhibited differential dissemination patterns that interacted significantly with the treatment group but not bee stock. Furthermore, elevated DWV-B levels reduced adult emergence time, while both DWV variants were associated with symptom likelihood and severity. These data indicate that the genetic differences underlying bee resistance to Varroa mites are not necessarily correlated with DWV tolerance and may interact differentially with DWV variants, highlighting the need for further work on mechanisms of tolerance and bee stock–specific physiological interactions with pathogen variants.

Tritrophic interactions play an important role in the dynamics of arthropods with their hosts. By inducing defenses, plants respond to herbivore attacks, may affect your development. The general objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the nematode Meloidogyne javanica on the performance of the herbivore Tetranychus urticae in tomato plants and, subsequently, whether the nematode infestation affectedthe behavior of its predator Phytoseiulus macropilis. In the first experiment with the herbivore, tomato plants were infested with 2,000 eggs of the nematode M. javanica for a period of 40 days. The immature development, oviposition and preference for choosing plants with or without the nematode were evaluated. A second experiment was carried out with different levels of nematode eggs’ infestation (1,000 and 6,000) atdifferent exposure times (15, 30, and 45 days after infestation). In this experiment, onlyimmature development and survival were evaluated. The spider mite in the first experiment did not show significant differences on immature development and survival,oviposition and preference. For the second experiment, the development of the herbivore T. urticae was affected, with high mortality compared to the control at 30 and45 days after nematode infestation. For the predatory mite, preference experiments evaluated plants attacked simultaneously by the herbivore mite and the nematode or only by the herbivore mite. The predatory mite showed no preference for plants inoculated with the nematode, however, more eggs were found in these plants. The results of this study indicated that with high initial infestation and over time of exposureto the pathogen, the quality of the plant is affected and, consequently, the performanceof aboveground herbivores. The attraction of more predators to plants with nematode infestation increased after 24 hours, which may have varied the number of females that oviposited in this treatment. Thus, it is important to understand the effect on plants when they are attacked by spatially separated organisms above and below ground. In the same way, knowing the importance of direct and indirect interactions in ecological communities it is possible to develop new management techniques andstrategies for crop protection. Keywords: Tritrophic interactions. Root system. Aboveground herbivory. Induced response.

After years of not engaging in policy affecting entomology and entomologists, the Entomological Society of America (ESA) has developed a set of coordinated initiatives to have the Society and its members become engaged in science policy activities. From its beginnings as a mere commitment to development of a program, the ESA’s science policy program has become robust and active, including engaging an advocacy firm to represent ESA and guide Society initiatives and training, and developing a Science Policy Fellows program with selected fellows representing all parts of the membership, to creating a ‘tiered agenda’, with priorities stated for key issues. Here, we recount some of the history of ESA’s advocacy efforts and highlight the value of the ESA as an advocate, providing policy makers with timely and reputable evidence-based information, while developing engaged members to become future Society leaders.

An annotated list of 12 species of Heteroceridae of Kyrgyzstan fauna is given.Two species, Augyles turanicus (Reitter, 1887) and Heterocerus mus Charpentier, 1965, are recorded from Kyrgyzstan for the first time.In addition, Augyles sericans (Kiesenwetter, 1843) is excluded from the fauna of this country and the records of two species from Kyrgyzstan need confirmation.