Environment and Health Fund

Abstract The National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) has assessed the current effects of climate change on health as part of a national sector-wide process towards updating the Dutch National Adaptation Strategy. Besides health, this process includes assessing the risks of climate change for water management, agriculture, the built environment, nature and other sectors. It will provide a basis for policy, for prioritising the most urgent risks and for long-term risk monitoring. Six climate-related health topics were assessed for this update: heat, air quality, mental health, UV radiation, pollen allergies and infectious diseases. To allow comparison of the impact and likelihood of the climate-related risks across sectors, a format for factsheets on climate risks had been provided. Following this format, for each climate-related health topic we considered the climate threat, secondary effects, exposure, vulnerability, adaptive capacity, impact and cascading effects. The magnitude of the health impacts was categorised per topic as low (< 10,000 people affected; 0 - 10 seriously injured/dead), medium (10,000 - 100,000 people affected; 10 - 100 seriously injured/dead) or high (>100,000 people affected; >100 seriously injured/dead). The likelihood of these impacts was then described as well as possible black swan events or tipping points. Finally, the policy context was outlined, including possible maladaptation, lock-ins, and equity aspects, followed by quality assurance considerations. For all topics, negative health impacts are already occurring. However, the magnitude of the impacts cannot yet be accurately quantified. In this presentation, we will discuss the results of this assessment and explore the pros and cons of being part of a sector-wide process.

Abstract With the European continent heating up faster than ever, cities are facing major challenges protecting their population from the effects of climate change. Heat can have devastating effects on people’s physical and mental health with particular significance for the known vulnerable groups - the elderly and young children, people with pre-existing conditions, those who are pregnant and those who cannot protect themselves sufficiently for various reasons plus of course people working outdoors. Following the 2003 heat wave, the city of Frankfurt/Main registered a significant rise in mortality and morbidity, leading the Health Protection Authority to be increasingly concerned with heat-related health problems in the Frankfurt metropolitan area. The city has since developed various systems to protect the population from extreme heat and developed an all-encompassing climate change action plan (CCAP). Part of the CCAP is the provision of cool spaces to provide refuge from the heat for the public and implementation of this project started in the summer of 2022. However, with no legislative basis on which to build such a platform, some creative measures were required to ensure its success. Here, we will not only present the challenges we faced but the solutions we found - and the results of our currently ongoing evaluation of the actual use of our cool spaces to help other cities make their journey to similar measures easier. Starting with a brief overview of the CCAP, we will show the cool spaces’ place within the strategy, followed by our original plan of action and what happened when this plan came into contact with the reality of life in a large and diverse city. We will touch on climate injustice and the difficulties in reaching those parts of the population who actually need protection the most. Finally, we present our evaluation strategy and results together with the adjustments we are considering in moving forward with this climate change protection measure. Key messages • (Establishment of) climate change adaptation measures should urgently be enshrined in law. • Health inequality corresponds to climate inequality and continiously challenges adaptation measures.

The global prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases susceptibility to non-communicable diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, posing significant health risks. Effective prevention and management require objective tools. The hypertriglyceridemic waist (TG+WC+) phenotype is proposed as a less expensive approach to identify individuals with metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors. The current aim of this investigation is to study the epidemiological characteristics of the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and their correlations with cardiovascular risk factors and MetS in the Moroccan Amazigh ethnic group from the Souss region of Morocco. A total of 827 Amazigh adults from the Sousse region of Morocco were divided into four distinct phenotype groups: TG-WC-, TG+WC-, TG-WC+, and TG+WC+ (normal TG- or high TG+ triglycerides/normal WC- or high WC+ waist circumference). The association of the different phenotypes with MetS and other cardiovascular risk factors was established by logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of the TG+WC+ phenotype was 27.7% and varied according to age group and sex. Among subjects with the TG+WC+ phenotype, most were 41-60 years old (53.3%) and in women (74.2%). Participants with the TG+WC+ phenotype had the highest prevalence of dyslipidemia (87.3%), hypoHDLaemia (69.9%), and general obesity (37.12%). The three phenotypes TG-WC-, TG+WC- and TG-WC+ were less associated with MetS and other cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, people with the TG+WC+ phenotype had a very high odds ratio for MetS. These findings suggest that the TG+WC+ phenotype exhibits a robust correlation with MetS and additional variables connected to cardiovascular risk. The TG+WC+ phenotype serves as a valuable clinical instrument for detecting individuals vulnerable to MetS and cardiovascular diseases.

From the theory of the model of the mind's point of view, which indicates that in syllogisms there will be more eye movements from front to back between the terms of the premises that question some of Ford's predictions? (Espino & Santamaría, 1998) During the blinking process, sometimes the superior and inferior eyelids tend to completely or incompletely close. It intervenes notably in the comfort of vision when we perform surrounding vision tasks. Carrying out tasks such as conferences, paper, and electronic versions, it's linked to an increase in dry eye symptoms, therefore, among other factors, of altered blinking. (Rodríguez Montiel, 2015). This article intended to verify the phenomena of lying, deception, and self-deception that are directly related to psychological problems and their treatments (Porcel Medina & Gonzalez Fernandez, 2005). Among its defining features is the adoption of computational metaphor as a source of inspiration for the modeling of the structures and processes of the mind, and methodological functionalism, which legitimizes the study of mental processes and states (the "software") regardless of its physical installation base (the "hardware"). It is a computerized model of the human special abilities for reasoning and problem-solving skills. However, it is another modern language used in artificial intelligence (AI) and the logical extension that is based on first-order predicate calculus that includes an inference engine that uses backward chaining. It is a non-procedural language, which indicates that the instructions do not have to necessarily be executed in the order that they have been entered. (Pino Diez & Gómez Gómez, 2001) It is concluded that the specific causes of this ocular muscular activity constitute a true enigma located in the adjacent area of the midbrain. (García Alcolea, 2009).
 The article will be based according to the title, authors, year of publication, abstract, citations, and bibliographic references since it is an experimental design project.

In recent years, researchers identified a “reproducibility crisis” of scientific studies. In assessing job stress and burnout in psychosocial research two biases that prevent the results from being generalized are common: sample bias (included web survey) and common method bias using questionnaires. These issues are commented and remedies are proposed to prevent or contain biases.

Abstract Unregulated selling practices, bad storage habits and the use of illegal pesticides in Bolivia are widespread, with increasing negative consequences on public health and the environment. The present study describes the selling, storage and use of legal, illegal and obsolete pesticides among pesticide retailers and farmers in Bolivia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 191 pesticide-using farmers and 40 pesticide retailers. Data were gathered in 2009 in La Paz County, Bolivia. A questionnaire was used to evaluate pesticide handling practices and observational data on pesticide stocks and storage was assessed through direct visits on site. Banned, outdated and highly toxic pesticides were found stored on most smallholder farms. A mean of 299 g of pesticides was found on each farm, of which 60% were obsolete. Knowledge on pesticide toxicity and safe handling practices were lacking among both retailers and farmers, and poisonings were frequently reported. Significant figures of obsolete pesticid...