Eqrem Çabej University

<p class="ql-align-justify">The aim of this research was to identify lexical, grammatical, stylistic, and cultural changes that have occurred under the influence of digital discourse, as well as to explore the specifics of these processes in different language systems. The study’s methodology was based on a comprehensive analysis of digital texts in English, Ukrainian, Albanian, and Uzbek. A comparative method was used to establish common and distinct features in the transformation of language norms under the influence of digital media. Content analysis was also applied to examine lexical and stylistic changes in various types of texts, including news articles, blogs, analytical materials, and entertainment content. The results of the study showed that digital media has caused significant changes in the language environment, such as the expansion of vocabulary through the borrowing of Anglicisms, simplification of grammatical structures, modification of stylistic norms, and the adaptation of written communication to digital formats. Languages integrated digital changes differently: English via natural spread; Ukrainian by preserving unadapted borrowings; Albanian through partial morphological integration; and Uzbek by retaining Anglicisms (especially, in tech/media), alongside phonetic/morphological adaptations.</p>

The Vjosa Valley, located in southern Albania, is renowned for its pristine landscapes and rich cultural heritage, presenting significant opportunities for sustainable tourism development. This research investigates the potential for alternative tourism in the Vjosa Valley, focusing on ecotourism, cultural tourism, and community-based tourism. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining field visits, 25 interviews with local business owners, and 17 interviews with representatives from municipal, cultural, and environmental organizations, to assess tourism’s impacts and potential. A questionnaire distributed to 83 respondents across Përmet, Tepelenë, and Gjirokastër gathered insights on local perspectives and interest in tourism activities. Findings indicate strong community support for sustainable tourism, a preference for nature and cultural tourism, and a high interest in tourism-related training. Challenges such as environmental degradation and cultural erosion were also identified. Conclusively, the study recommends sustainable tourism practices, improved infrastructure, and active community involvement to foster economic growth, cultural preservation, and conservation of the Vjosa Valley’s resources, providing a pathway for balanced and lasting development in the region.

The following paper aims at shedding some light on the Albanian language case system with a special focus on the assignment of the accusative case. As a member of the vast Indo-European family Albanian language is characterized by an inflected case system and as so a free word order. Traditionally, we are taught and we still teach to the coming generations that accusative case is assigned mostly by the verb to that sentence noun phrase syntactically representing the direct object and semantically introducing the Theme or the Patient. Moreover in Albanian accusative is also assigned by another morphological category bearing the distinctive features [+noun;+verb], namely the proposition. Furthermore, as a researcher in the field of generative syntax, I have a stake in analyzing certain exceptional cases of accusative case assignment to the subject NP of the Albanian subjunctive clause. In conclusion, I was tempted to adopt Chomsky’s reconciling proposal in accusative case assignment under the specifier-head structural and schematic relation.

Financial literacy has become on focus of many research studies. Evidences have shown that financial literacy is beneficial for individuals, families and the community as it increases efficiency and financial wellness, improve the quality of living and makes the society more financially active. In addition, it is widely known that university student constitutes one of the most key segment of population. During this period, most students start to become financially independent and take financial responsibility. Studies undertaken in developed and developing countries have demonstrated that university students do not manage wisely their personal finance. One of the main factors found to influence their financial literacy is parental income. The purpose of this study is to explore the importance of students' financial literacy and whether there is any linkage between parental income and students' financial literacy. The main objectives of this research are: i) firstly, to review the existing literature regarding different definitions of financial literacy and its benefits. ii) secondly, to evaluate how financially literate are Albanian university students; ii) thirdly, to examine whether financial literacy differs based on the level of students' parental income; and iii) finally, to draw some conclusions and recommendations to improve student's financial literacy. An instrument comprised of personal finance and personal characteristics is administered to 637 students in Albania. The One Way Welch ANOVA and multiple comparison technique are utilized to analyze the data. The results indicate that student's financial literacy is influenced by their family income.

The sustainable development of the tourism phenomenon and the impact that it produces it is important not only for the enterprises receiving tourism but also for the economic sectors correlated with the structures above as handicrafts, trade and services, turning tourism in a primary factor for the economic development of a region or a country. To talk about tourism in a city very rich in "contrasts" such as Gjirokastra, is an issue that goes beyond simple economic aspect, generating significant consequences in terms of geography and especially in social level. This is because Gjirokastra is a city with a glorious history since the fifteenth century, rich in culture, archaeology, enogastronomia (Food and wine) and several endless natural beauties. Although is the capital of the most important cultural event, the national folk festival which perform the tradition through the art. Shortly, Gjirokastra is a genuine multidimensional brand; the promotion of it would increase the income, the employment, the consumption and most of all it would transform into in an international city. Certainly to promote this brand it is needed a coordination between decision-maker institutions and local businesses but above all is necessary an efficient and comprehensive marketing plan that promote "brand " pointing at the same time in the centre of the universe "tourist".Based on this affirmation, this paper requires just to give some modest idea on the development of the city image through qualitative and quantitative analysis of data obtained from a sample of tourists visiting various cities in the world and recently have visited the Gjirokastra.

The newspaper “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα” (“2000 New century vision”) was an indipendent newspaper of the Ethnik Greek Minority in Albania. It was published monthly in Gjirokastra during 1996-2012. “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα” was the first trilingual newspaper in the Greek Minority in Albania with such dimensions that made over thousands of readers, Greek speakers, Albanian speakers and English speakers around the world offering broad and qualitative information. The main scope of the newspaper “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα” was broadcasting to its readers messages of friendship, of scientific news and European culture, in a world without visas, without borders and without colors. Although written especially for the Ethnic Greek Minority in Albania, in this manner this newspaper overcame its community. “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα” aimed the worldwide exposure of all aspects of the Ethnic Greek Minority in Albania and particularly the assessment of its identity. The newspaper “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα” contributed as well to the emancipation of democracy in Albania. It was released from the remnants of the communist mentality, to which the newspaper opposed regarding it a bearer of backward values that were in continuing contrast with the progressive ideas of this press. In this article we aim to make a detailed description of the characteristics of the newspaper “2000 Το όραμα του νέου αιώνα”, to present some of the literary sections where could be found rich literary material, and its permanent sections. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2016.v5n1p281

The development strategies have a very important role in the sustainable development of the regions. As documents they should serve to guide public policy at the local level in those areas where regions have competitive advantages and to coordinate all available resources to achieve the ultimate goal, the improvement of the quality of community life. Albania is still considered as a country with a significant difference in the development of the regions. In this context and in the new conditions which are created by the new administrative reorganization, preparation of the regional development strategies, and integrated these national strategies are an immediate request. This paper aims to assess the necessity of drafting development strategies, as basic documents that define a general framework of strategic development for every region. Another purpose of the study is the analysis of the process of drafting regional development strategies in general and the District Development Strategy of Gjirokastra in particular. The aim is to assess how is going this process and if there were any problem that may have affected the quality of the strategy. The study was conducted by using the method of primary research and take place in the South region of Albania, in local governments of the district of Gjirokastra, in public institutions and non-profit organizations and various businesses at the local level.

Financial literacy is shown to be an important life skill for people. It influences people every day financial decisions and has a macro impact on the economy and financial satisfaction of the society. Studies revealed financial literacy to cover three dimensions: financial knowledge, financial attitude and financial behavior. This research aims to examine the interrelationship between the three components of financial literacy. The main objectives of the current research are: a) firstly, to provide some evidences of the existing literature on the linkage between financial knowledge, financial attitude and financial behavior; b) secondly, to inspect this association in the case of Albanian university students; c) thirdly, to investigate the mediating effect of financial attitude on the connection between financial knowledge and financial behavior; d) finally, to present some conclusions and recommendation for parents, school and future researchers. The main research questions addressed in this study are: 1) Is there any relationship between students’ financial knowledge and their financial attitude and behavior in the case of Albania? 2) Does financial attitude serve as a mediator factor between financial knowledge and financial behavior? The database for this investigation is provided by a survey conducted on 637 students from eight universities in Albania and is part of my dissertation study. Person correlation technique and linear regression model will be employed to analyse the database. Results of this study demonstrate a statistically significant relationship between the three components of financial literacy. In addition, financial attitude is discovered to play a mediating effect on the association between financial knowledge and financial behavior. Future research can be undertaken to explore whether financial knowledge serves as a mediator in the linkage between financial attitude and financial behavior.

Albania has a relatively new financial system, where banking system is the most developed financial service in our country, with a share of 94, 4% of the total financial services. This is a phenomenon of countries with emerging economies, which proves that there is greater reliance on the state economic development of the banking sector, by effecting from the households to the biggest investors and the government. As in any market, competition is important for the banking sector because, it affects the efficiency and the quality of services offered. Furthermore, competition in banking has also implications for other sectors of the economy. So, higher competition in the banking sector is found to be associated with a faster growth of other sectors of the economy that rely on external financing. The main goal of this paper is to understand the characteristics of competition in our banking system and study the relationship between the level of concentration and competition. We are going to measure the concentration by the “H” indices. The “H” (Herfindaflit) indices is a measure of the level of the concentration of the banking system of a country. A high level of the indices shows a high level of concentration and as a consequence a low level of competition. A low level of the indices shows a low level of concentration which is sign of a banking market with a high competition.