European Biodiesel Board

status: Published

Background Healing of alveolar sockets follows a well-known chronological sequence. Fibrocartilage is a structure habitually found in compression zones like intervertebral discs, entheses and meniscus. Histologically, it is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes in chondroblasts among a tissue composed of sinuous and dense bundles of collagen I and collagen II fibres. No study has described yet fibrocartilage as an histological structure appearing during the process of dental socket healing. Aim/Hypothesis The aim of this study was to characterize fibrocartilage during the healing process of dental sockets, and be able to link its occurrence with the stage of healing of the socket. Materials and Methods A prospective interventional clinical study was performed. Fifteen 2 mm diameter bone biopsies were realized in 13 patients at the time of implant placement (between 2.5 and 9 months after extraction) - 13 biopsies in DFDBA and A-PRF grafted sockets, and 2 in native bone. Histologic stainings hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome were realized. Following histomorphometric analysis by two independent operators using FIJIImageJ program, samples were classified according to a score of increasing bone maturity quality ranging from score 1 to 3. A statistical analysis was performed with STATA14 program, as for interoperators concordance. Imunohistochimic techniques were applied in order to detect collagen I and Collagen II fibers. Hyaline cartilage and tibiofemoral meniscal fibrocartilage from a fresh cadaver served as respectively negative and positive controls for fibrocartilage, both histologically and immunohistochemically. Results Among 13 bone samples from grafted alveolar sockets, 6 showed histological structure compatible with fibrocartilage. Fibrocartilage was detected in samples ranging from 2.5 to 9 months of healing, for a mean score of bone maturity of 2. None native bone sample displayed fibrocartilage. Immunomarquage for collagen I was positive on one slide at the level of fibrocartilage, and for collagen II on 2 slides. The aspect of the collagen fibers detected (dense and sinuous bundles of collagen fibers) was typical of fibrocartilage. Conclusion and Clinical Implications This study describes for the first time that fibrocartilage could represent a histological structure occurring during healing of alveolar sockets at a stage of intermediate bone maturity. It is not excluded that the materials used to graft sockets (DFDBA and PRF) play a role in the occurrence of fibrocartilage during the process of healing of dental alveolar sockets.

L’interet a l’egard de la production de biodiesel n’a cesse de croitre ces dernieres annees. Cependant, l’industrie europeenne du biodiesel n’est pas une industrie nouvelle et les nombreux avantages lies au developpement de ce produit sont connus depuis plusieurs annees. Ces avantages sont entre autres d’ordre environnemental (reduction des emissions de CO2), agricole (developpement rural), energetique (plus d’independance dans l’approvisionnement). Au fil des annees, l’Union Europeenne et les Etats membres ont mis en place plusieurs instruments de soutien a l’industrie du biodiesel ainsi qu’a la culture des oleagineux non alimentaires. Aujourd’hui le secteur europeen du biodiesel est en pleine expansion mais necessite un cadre reglementaire clair et stable afin de favoriser les investissements et garantir son developpement futur. Les nouvelles propositions de directive de la Commission sur les biocarburants vont dans le bon sens mais leur approbation ne se fera tres probablement qu’en 2003 au plus tot. Une fois mises en œuvre, ces nouvelles legislations auront sans nul doute un tres fort impact sur la production de biodiesel dans l’UE. Cela dit, l’industrie europeenne du biodiesel devra compter avant tout sur ses propres ressources et sur sa capacite incontestee a creer un consensus de la part des autorites politiques, des consommateurs et des industries du petrole et de l’automobile autour d’un produit de tres haute qualite.