European Trade Union Institute

Malgré une abondante littérature sur les migrants et l’économie des plateformes, peu d’études les comparent de façon systématique avec la population non immigrée en tenant compte de leur diversité et de la variété du travail de plateformes. À partir de données issues d’une enquête représentative conduite dans 14 États membres de l’Union européenne, nous constatons qu’en moyenne les migrants ont une probabilité de travailler via des plateformes supérieure d’environ 20 pour cent à celle des non-migrants. Près de la moitié de cet écart s’explique par des caractéristiques sociodémographiques, mais les migrants les plus présents dans l’économie des plateformes sont ceux qui sont vulnérables en raison du groupe dont ils font partie et qui sont le plus pénalisés sur le marché du travail traditionnel.

España podría considerarse uno de aquellos países en los que ha existido participación laboral con derecho a voto en los consejos de administración, a juzgar por la existencia de prácticas en empresas públicas, derivadas de un acuerdo de participación sindical de 1986, o en las cajas de ahorros, cuyos órganos rectores daban cabida a la participación de las personas empleadas antes de derogarse en 2013 la ley 31/1985.Sin embargo, un análisis más detallado revela cómo este tipo de participación apenas pudo despegar como sistema ni en la empresa pública ni en las cajas, tuvo escasa repercusión en el debate público y en las agendas sindicales, y se enfrentó a un rechazo patronal sistemático en un entorno económico y político hostil. A pesar de dichas experiencias, la participación de las personas trabajadoras en el gobierno corporativo ha continuado siendo tabú en España hasta que, en 2023, la coalición de gobierno PSOE-Sumar y el Ministerio de Trabajo se propusieron reactivar este nivel de participación.Basándose en una revisión bibliográfica, análisis jurídico y análisis de veinte entrevistas expertas, este artículo analiza los orígenes y desarrollo de la participación en consejos de administración en España, así como las fluctuaciones y ambigüedades en el debate, posiciones y práctica de dicha participación por parte de empresas y sindicatos. Finalmente, el artículo se centra en la actualidad para entender las perspectivas de futuro de esta área de la política social.

Abstract The European Green Deal (EGD) is a growth strategy that seeks to combine climate action with economic stimuli. Climate action, however, inevitably creates winners and losers, at least in the short term. Zooming in on two examples of such actions—the phase-out of coal in Bulgaria and the mining for lithium (necessary for electric vehicle batteries) in Serbia—we point to the significant social implications of the EGD and how these give rise to conflicts that threaten to undermine the economic transformation envisioned for achieving climate neutrality. We show that the remedies put in place by the EU to deal with the social consequences of climate action are too narrow and fragmented and contain almost no legal obligations to promote a socially ‘just transition’ that ‘leaves no-one behind’—the leitmotif of the EGD. We join forces here, as scholars of labour law and environmental law, to identify substantive and procedural legal safeguards that would strengthen the social element of the EU climate agenda and help mitigate some of the emerging conflicts and backlash against climate policies.

PurposeThis paper makes a conceptual contribution by intersecting two strands of literature (return to work following health issues and industrial relations) to facilitate our understanding of the potential role of social dialogue in supporting return to work (RTW) following the diagnosis of a chronic illness. It conceptualises the levels and channels through which various actors and their interactions may play a role in RTW facilitation within the actor-centred institutional framework.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses an exploratory design based mainly on desk research but is also informed by roundtable discussions done in six countries as part of a larger project.FindingsThe conceptual and analytical framework (CAF) is developed to explain how various actors interact together in ways shaped by the RTW policy framework and the industrial relations systems, resulting in a continuum of RTW facilitation situations.Originality/valueThere is limited research on return-to-work policies following diagnosis of chronic illness from a comprehensive actor-oriented perspective. The existing literature usually focusses on just one stakeholder, overlooking the role of social dialogue actors. By bridging the two streams of literature and incorporating all potential actors and their interactions in a unitary model, the proposed framework provides a valuable tool to further discuss how successful RTW after a diagnosis of chronic illness can be facilitated.

Abstract Digital labour platforms transform work and employment relations in many ways. Crucially, they renounce the role of the employer, leading to a redefinition of traditional categories of actors and their roles in social policy and dialogue. Using the example of the EU proposal for a directive on improving working conditions in platform work, this article examines how this redefinition is materialising in practice among social partners in order to understand its implications for the future of social dialogue and legislation. While previous research focused on the status of workers, this study takes a complementary view by considering the employer side as a key counterpart in a functioning employment relationship. The actor‐approach is used to analyse the views and positions of EU social partners and how their prerogatives are affected by the blurring of the role of the employer and the redefinition of traditional categories of actors in social policy.