Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco

This article is based on a preliminary diagnosis of the transformations in society thataffect the campo-grandense woman in their workplace and their work relationship, specificallyregarding the so-called “double work day”, considering, for that, female work in the urban andindustrialized society and its relation with the issue of gender at work. An inventory and analysis ofthe specific exploitation and oppression processes of these women is carried out, in addition toreflecting on the main categories that involve the object proposed for the respective study, namely,gender, sexual division of labor and double working hours, contributing from a research dimensionand, therefore, from an in-depth reference to the so-called Geography of Work, by consideringspace as a preponderant factor with regard to the environments and workplaces of these womenand their respective work activities.

A educação infantil desempenha um papel fundamental na formação das crianças, não apenas em termos de habilidades acadêmicas, mas também na construção de suas identidades e valores. O ensino religioso, quando presente, pode influenciar profundamente as perspectivas religiosas e éticas das crianças. Portanto, entender as interfaces desse ensino é crucial para educadores, pais e a sociedade como um todo. Através de pesquisa qualitativa de natureza bibliográfica, o objetivo principal deste artigo é analisar as interfaces do ensino religioso na educação infantil, identificando os desafios enfrentados e as oportunidades oferecidas por essa prática educacional. Já os objetivos específicos, perfazem sobre investigar a importância do ensino religioso na formação de crianças em idade pré-escolar; identificar os principais desafios enfrentados pelos educadores no ensino religioso na educação infantil; explorar as oportunidades para promover a compreensão intercultural e o respeito pela diversidade religiosa na educação infantil. Ensinar religião na educação infantil enfrenta diversos desafios, incluindo a necessidade de respeitar a diversidade religiosa e garantir que o ensino não promova a intolerância religiosa. Também é importante considerar as crenças e origens culturais das crianças e suas famílias. Além disso, questões legais e constitucionais relacionadas à laicidade do Estado podem criar desafios na implementação do ensino religioso. Por outro lado, o ensino religioso na educação infantil pode ser uma oportunidade para promover a compreensão intercultural e o respeito pela diversidade religiosa. É um tema que requer uma abordagem equilibrada e sensível, a fim de promover uma educação inclusiva e respeitosa da diversidade religiosa e cultural.

The most famous architectural complex associated with the Jesuit order in colonial Cusco, was the college and church of the Transfiguration, located in the main square of the city. Monks of the Society of Jesus focused on evangelisation and teaching, which led to creation of subsequent monastic foundations. There were two schools in Cusco: one of them was intended for descendants of conquistadors (Colegio de San Bernardo), and the other one for sons of Andean caciques (Colegio de San Francisco Borja). Each of them was located in its own architectural complex, and one of the necessary conceptual elements of the complexes was a chapel intended for students. There are quite a few sources and studies concerning the history of both schools, and the interior decoration of the chapels located at the colleges has been reconstructed on the basis of the preserved inventories, drawn up at the time of expulsion of Jesuits and takeover of their property. The author of the article concentrates on reconstruction of the decoration, showing it in the cultural and artistic context of the region.

Ancient DNA (aDNA) analysis provides a powerful means of investigating human migration, social organization, and a plethora of other crucial questions about humanity's past. Recently, specialists have suggested that the ideal research design involving aDNA would include multiple independent lines of evidence. In this paper, we adopt a transdisciplinary approach integrating aDNA with archaeological, biogeochemical, and historical data to investigate six individuals found in two cemeteries that date to the Late Horizon (1400 to 1532 CE) and Colonial (1532 to 1825 CE) periods in the Chincha Valley of southern Peru. Genomic analyses indicate that these individuals are genetically most similar to ancient and present-day populations from the north Peruvian coast located several hundred kilometers away. These genomic data are consistent with 16th century written records as well as ceramic, textile, and isotopic data. These results provide some of the strongest evidence yet of state-sponsored resettlement in the pre-Colonial Andes. This study highlights the power of transdisciplinary research designs when using aDNA data and sets a methodological standard for investigating ancient mobility in complex societies.

Most studies of Indonesian bronzes have focused on objects manufactured in Java between the 8th and the 16th centuries.1During the first part of this period, bronzes depicted primarily standing or seated Buddhist or Hindu deities.For some of the earliest images there is still confusion concerning whether the statues were locally produced or imported, but a clearly Javanese style soon developed.By the 10th century we have evidence of the local manufacture of large and elaborate mandalas of deities like those found at Nganjuk, East Java.For reasons that are still unclear, by the 12th century, the East Javanese artisans turned away from creating images of deities and toward the production of domestic or ritual implements: vessels, bells, lamps, mirrors, staff finials, etc.This trend is most likely to have been related to changes in religious practice, especially the growing importance of holy water as is still seen in Bali today.2