Food and Health Bureau

BackgroundMany countries have developed their country/nation-wide multidimensional area-based index on deprivation or socioeconomic status for resource allocation, service planning and research. However, whether each geographical unit proxied by a single index is sufficiently small to contain a relatively homogeneous population remains questionable. Globally, this is the first study that presents the distribution of domestic households by the territory-wide economic status index decile groups within each of the 2,252 small subunit groups (SSUGs) throughout Hong Kong, with a median study population of 1,300 and a median area of 42,400 m2.MethodsThe index development involved 248,000 anonymized sampled household-based data collected from the population census, representing 2·66 million domestic households and 6·93 million population in mid-2021. Our composite index comprises seven variables under income-/wealth-related and housing-related domains with weights determined using the analytic hierarchy process. After ranking all households from the most to the least well-off according to the numeric/ordinal value of each variable and then calculating their weighted rank scores, they were segregated into ten deciles from D1 (top 10% most well-off) to D10 (bottom 10%). Their relative distribution was summarized in a three-dimensional ternary plot to distinguish patterns across the 2,252 SSUGs within the 18 administrative districts.ResultsIn Hong Kong, of the 2,252 SSUGs, only one-quarter contain a homogeneous composition of households with similar economic status, while the other three-quarters are heterogeneous to varying extents. Of the 18 administrative districts, only two are concentrated with more homogeneously well-off SSUGs.ConclusionsSmall-sized geographical units may contain a heterogeneous composition of households with diverse economic statuses, underlying the need for more precise information to quantify their relative distribution. Results of this study are disseminated via an online interactive map dashboard (https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/b4c7643feb9043eb94b3add386c4b71c/) which can serve as a versatile planning tool capable of performing analysis at different varying geographic scales for community-based resource prioritization, service planning and research across different domains.

establishing a family doctor registration system: the Primary Care Register (PCR). 11 The PCR is intended to build a recognition system for doctors who are committed to providing comprehensive, continuous, and holistic care to patients in the community; such care ranges from preventive services to chronic disease management.

Stropharia rugosoannulata (S. rugosoannulata) is a fungus with great edible and nutritional values; however, the development mechanism of its fruiting body has not been studied. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in four stages; primordia stage (Sra1), young mushroom stage (Sra2), picking stage (Sra3), and opening umbrella stage (Sra4). Therefore, total RNA was extracted for further RNA-sequencing analysis. In three pairwise comparison groups (PCGs), Sra1 vs. Sra2, Sra2 vs. Sra3, and Sra3 vs. Sra4, a total of 3,112 DEGs were identified among the three PCGs. A GO analysis of the DEGs showed that there were 21 terms significantly enriched in Sra1 vs. Sra2 PCG. There was no significantly enriched GO term in the other two PCGs. Furthermore, KEGG pathway analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in glucose and amino acid metabolisms. Moreover we found that intron retention (IR) and the alternative 3′ splice site (A3SS) accounted for more than 80%. The development of the S. rugosoannulata fruiting body mainly involved glucose and amino acid metabolisms. IR and A3SS were the two main types of ASE, which played an important role in the development and maturation of the S. rugosoannulata fruiting body.

Abstract. Duddell Street Steps and Gas Lamps in Central, Hong Kong (hereafter “the Steps”) is a small site with outstanding heritage value to the city and was therefore declared a monument by the heritage authority in 1979. In 2018, Super Typhoon Mangkhut hit Hong Kong, causing significant damage to the Steps. The Steps were broken into 280 pieces in total. The Antiquities and Monuments Office (“AMO”) set up its 3D Laser Scanning Survey Sub-unit (”3DSU”) in 2016 with the objective of utilising latest technologies to drive innovations in the surveying, recording and conservation of invaluable built and archaeological heritage. Fortunately, a laser scanning survey of the Steps was conducted in early 2018. This went a long way towards facilitating the success of the restoration work, as the project team had a baseline dataset showing the Steps’ original state. The ensuing restoration proposal could make reference to the 3D survey data, thus ensuring a complete and faithful restoration. Given the sheer number of broken pieces involved, it was decided that 3D scanning technology would for the first time in Hong Kong be used in parallel with traditional craftsmanship, guided throughout by the highest conservation principles, to help restore a heritage site badly damaged by a natural disaster.This paper illustrates how 3D scanning technology facilitated the restoration works. This project also perfectly exemplified the importance of ‘conservation preparedness’ for heritage sites facing unpredictable risks from natural disasters.