Franklin Institute

Molybdenum (Mo) thin films are serving crucial functions in both conventional and next‐generation display applications, including thin film transistor‐ liquid crystal displays (TFT‐LCDs) and emerging Micro‐LED displays. Their widespread adoption in the display industry stems from their exceptional combination of properties: high electrical conductivity, superior thermal stability, and excellent compatibility with glass substrates. These characteristics make Mo thin films particularly suitable for critical TFT components such as gate electrodes, source/drain electrodes, and diffusion barrier layers. Recognizing the fundamental relationship between target microstructure and thin film properties, this study systematically investigates the influence of Mo target characteristics on sputtering behavior and resultant film properties. Through precise control of grain size and crystallographic texture in Mo targets, we aim to establish quantitative correlations between target microstructure, sputtering dynamics, and the performance of deposited thin films. This approach enables the optimization of Mo thin films for specific TFT applications, potentially enhancing device performance and manufacturing efficiency in display technologies

Tujuan - Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi rendahnya pemahaman siswa terhadap konsep daur hidup hewan terlihat dari nilai harian siswa yang belum mencapai kriteria ketuntasan maksimal (KKM) yaitu 75. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji media Augmented Reality apakah berpengaruh atau tidak terhadap pemahaman siswa pada materi konsep Daur Hidup Hewan. Metode - Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian intact group comparation. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV yang berjumlah 30 orang yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa tes. Teknik analisis data yaitu yang digunakan yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil - Uji hipotesis menghasilkan sign. (2-tailed) 0,000 (<0,05), mengonfirmasi pengaruh signifikan AR terhadap pemahaman siswa. Temuan - Observasi menunjukkan peningkatan antusiasme dan interaksi aktif selama pembelajaran berbasis Augmented Reality. Kesimpulan - Media AR efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep daur hidup hewan dan dapat diadopsi sebagai alternatif inovatif dalam pembelajaran IPA di sekolah dasar.

Ferroptosis has been recognized as a unique cell death modality driven by excessive lipid peroxidation and unbalanced cellular metabolism. In this study, we established a protein interaction landscape for ferroptosis pathways through proteomic analyses, and identified choline/ethanolamine phosphotransferase 1 (CEPT1) as a lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3)-interacting protein that regulates LPCAT3 protein stability. In contrast to its known role in promoting phospholipid synthesis, we showed that CEPT1 suppresses ferroptosis potentially by interacting with phospholipases and breaking down certain pro-ferroptotic polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-containing phospholipids. Together, our study reveals a previously unrecognized role of CEPT1 in suppressing ferroptosis.

Introduction: A challenge with clinical trials is the capacity to identify a population that may potentially benefit from the intervention that is not “too well” (will recover) or “too sick” (will not survive) regardless of intervention. While inclusion criteria attempt to obtain this, populations enrolled in trials include pts in which bedside clinicians would be able to categorize in terms of likelihood of survival independent of study intervention. We further hypothesize that patients categorized as having an uncertain outcome would be most likely to benefit from the intervention. Methods: We present subgroup analyses of patients from the Thiamine as a Metabolic Resuscitator in Cardiac Arrest (THACA) trial in patients with out of hospital cardiac arrest and the Ascorbic Acid, Corticosteroids and Thiamine in Sepsis (ACTS) trial in patients with septic shock. The treating physician predicted at the time of enrollment whether the patient is “very likely”, “very unlikely”, or ”uncertain” to be alive at 30 days. Results: Among 31 pts in the THACA trial with physician predictions, 12/31 (39%) were predicted very unlikely to be alive on day 30, 3/31 (10%) very likely, and 16/31 (52%) uncertain. Among 200 pts in the ACTS trial, 13/200 (7%) of patients were predicted as very unlikely, 72/201 (36%) very likely and 115/201 (57%) uncertain. Predicted mortality was associated with observed mortality in both trials(p = 0.04, p<0.001). When evaluating the primary outcome in the population categorized as uncertain, there was a non-significant shift in favor of the intervention in THACA (p = 0.69); and a difference favoring the intervention in ACTS (p = 0.03) as opposed to the overall cohort which did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.12). Conclusion: In two RCTs in patients with cardiac arrest and septic shock, physicians reliably predicted mortality. Restricting analyses to pts with an uncertain outcome, the primary outcome in one trial changed from trending toward favoring the intervention to a statistically significant difference. The second trial shifted in favor of the outcome but did not reach statistical significance. These findings suggest that physician prediction may be a potential method to target patients with the greatest chance to benefit from clinical trials.

Reducing the rate of cesarean sections among women considered at low risk for delivery by that method is a goal of Healthy People 2030. Prior research suggests that perinatal mood and anxiety disorders increase the risk for cesarean section, but data are limited. This cross-sectional study of commercially insured women examined the relationship between perinatal depression and anxiety disorders and primary (first-time) cesarean section rates, using administrative claims data for US in-hospital deliveries from the period 2008-17. Of the 360,225 delivery hospitalizations among 317,802 unique women, 24.0percent included a delivery by primary cesarean section, and 3.1percent carried a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or both made during the index pregnancy. Using an adjusted generalized estimating equation, we found that the predicted probability of primary cesarean section was 3.5percentage points higher, on average, among women with these disorders compared with those without them. Our findings confirm the importance of pursuing research to identify mechanisms by which perinatal depression and anxiety disorders increase the risk for primary caesarean section among women otherwise considered at low risk for delivery by that method, as well as effective interventions.

Fieldwork is an integral component of learning science, but is often overlooked while performing laboratory research. During the summer, a community outreach project for undergraduate students to learn about exposure to heave metals was developed. Together with 12 undergraduate students and faculty who are members of the Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, we selected and visited four sampling sites in Trenton, NJ, a community that has long industry history and concerns regarding the consequences of heavy metal contamination. The purpose of this Frontiers in Physiology Research Teacher activity was to evaluate soil and street dust levels of lead (Pb), which affects the central nervous system and may lead to development delays in children. Four teams of students, postdocs, teachers (high school and middle school) and a member of Isles, Inc., a New Jersey based community development and environmental organization collected street dust and soil at a former smelter, an abandoned park and children playground. Each team kept field notes on sample characteristics and drew maps of each sample location with proximity to roads, schools, and public parks. Upon return to the laboratory, samples of street dust and soil were dissolved in acids, vented, centrifuged, and microwaved to extract heavy metals. ICP‐MS analysis revealed widespread elevated Pb levels (>125 ppm) above naturally occurring levels (~10–50 ppm) throughout the study region. Mean Pb levels in soil were 155 ppm (range: 19–566 ppm, n=24) and dust, 125 ppm (range: 14–533 ppm, n=22). The highest levels of Pb (>500 ppm) were observed in in land around the former Magic Marker/Philco Battery site. Participants rated the activity highly (mean rating = 4.0, SD 0.6) on a Likert scale of 1–5. Overall, fieldwork provides an opportunity for students and teachers to participate in relevant research and assist a community.Support or Funding InformationSupported by the APS, SOT Intern Program, R25ES020721, P30ES005022, and T32007148This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.