Fulbright Association

Abstract Sustainability-related considerations play an increasingly important role in competition assessments, as reflected by the European Commission’s 2024–29 mandate situating competition law within the EU’s climate and industrial strategy, the Clean Industrial Deal. During this mandate, the European Commission will revise its 2004 Horizontal Merger Guidelines and 2008 Non-Horizontal Merger Guidelines. Updating the guidelines provides an opportunity to address the relevance of sustainability-related considerations in relation to market definition, competitive assessment, efficiencies, and remedies. We analyse the economic evidence on the role of sustainability-related considerations in merger control, the Commission’s case practice, and its published guidance on merger assessments. We discuss challenges and provide practical recommendations to agency staff and practitioners, with the objective of facilitating the incorporation of sustainability-related considerations in the revised guidelines.

This article addresses the importance of identifying risk factors associated with postoperative infection following elective lower-extremity total joint arthroplasty. Specifically, this review discusses risk factors recognized by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons that should be carefully considered and assessed by the orthopaedic team in collaboration with the primary care provider before proceeding with surgery.

The Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences is an Open Access journal publishing Original research articles, Reviews, Mini reviews, Short communications, Opinions and Letter to editors with high impact. This open access Journal is enthusiastic in the development and dissemination of knowledge concerning Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences: seeks to close the gap between engineering, medicine and scientific, coalesce the design and problem-solving skills of engineering with medical and biological sciences which helps in development of sophisticated instruments which are used for the advance health care treatment, including diagnosis, monitoring, and therapy.Biosciences cover the significant developments in the broad field of biology and biological aspects of living organisms. Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences is peer reviewed journal that includes the topics Animal Sciences, Cell Biology and Life Sciences.

The wild bird trade is a major driver of species loss in Indonesia. However, studies of the Indonesian bird trade have focused on the island of Java, providing little information on the bird trade in other regions, such as Kalimantan. We conducted the first-ever market surveys in rural West Kalimantan from July 2015 to August 2016 and in the capital city of each of the five provinces of Kalimantan from August 2016 to February 2017. At each market, we recorded the number of individuals of each species, the price per individual for each species, and the source of each individual. In addition, we asked 32 bird traders and owners from Kalimantan to fill out a questionnaire addressing their perceptions of changes in price and availability of commercial species over time. Across our survey, we located 201 shops and 25,298 individuals for sale from 153 identified species. We conclude that our market surveys document only part of the trade and affirm that the bird trade is of considerable size in Kalimantan. We recommend that conservationists focus on conserving Kalimantan’s remaining forest and reducing demand through education and behavior change programs. We echo the calls of other conservationists for Indonesia to update the Conservation Act (No. 5) of 1990 to include current species of concern and for law enforcement efforts to stop both local trade and cross-island trade between Kalimantan and Java. Our study underlines the threat to the persistence of many Indonesian avian species.

Climate change is usually defined as a significant time variation in weather patterns taking place over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. Climate change may refer to a change in average weather conditions; it can also refer to modifications in the time variation of weather around longer-term average conditions (for example, more or fewer extreme weather events). Climate change is caused by factors such as plate tectonics, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, biotic processes, and volcanic eruptions. Causes of climate change that are related to human activities are often referred to as “global warming”.