Gifu College of Nursing

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are widely used neuromodulatory interventions for psychiatric disorders. Despite their clinical effectiveness, perceptions and stigma associated with these therapies among caregivers remain a concern, influencing treatment acceptance. This study aimed to estimate the perception and stigma associated with ECT, rTMS, and tDCS among primary caregivers of patients receiving these therapies. A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry of a Tertiary Care Centre of North India involving 99 primary caregivers whose ages ranged 18 to 60 years and who are staying with the patient for at least 1 year, equally distributed across the 3 therapy groups (ECT, rTMS, and tDCS). Participants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using validated tools: Brain Stimulation Therapy Perception Questionnaire (BSTPQ) and Brain Stimulation Therapy Stigma Questionnaire (BSTSQ). Caregivers of patients undergoing rTMS and tDCS reported more favorable perceptions and lower stigma compared with ECT caregivers. Statistically significant differences were found between ECT and rTMS groups. A moderate negative correlation was observed between perception and stigma (r=-0.482, P<0.01). Newer therapies like rTMS and tDCS are perceived more positively than ECT. Education and awareness play a critical role in reducing stigma and improving acceptance among caregivers.

ABSTRACT Background: The period after childbirth is well-known for raising the likelihood of mental disorders, such as postpartum depression (PPD), not only in mothers but also in fathers. PPD is an emerging global health issue due to its profound impact on the health of parents, the baby, and the overall functioning of the family unit. While PPD is often associated with mothers, it can indeed affect fathers as well. Research indicates that around 10% of fathers experience PPD after the birth of a child. Aim: The study aimed to assess the prevalence and the risk factors of postpartum depressive symptoms (PPDS) among parents visiting the outpatient department of a selected hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive research study. A total of 235 pairs of postpartum parents (6 weeks to 6 months) were selected using the purposive sampling method. The English and Malayalam versions of the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) and Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised (PDPI-R) scales were administered. Results: With regard to the prevalence of PPDS among mothers, 6% had an EPDS score ≥13, indicating the presence of PPDS, whereas no fathers scored &gt; 13. Thoughts of self-harm were reported by 1.3% of fathers and 4.3% of mothers. Low socioeconomic status, prenatal depression, prenatal anxiety, unwanted pregnancy and life stress were identified as predictive risk factors among these parents. Conclusions: The postpartum depressive symptom score was found to be lower in fathers compared to mothers. This study provides further insights to understand the importance of early detection and counseling interventions for parents and their families to reduce the incidence of PPD and mitigate its adverse effects on children.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of antenatal exercise on outcome of pregnancy. Evaluation was done by experiments through the true experimental post –test control group. Convenient sample technique was used to assess the effectiveness of 60 samples in selected hospital of Hapur.30 samples in experimental group and 30 samples in control group was taken to get the effectiveness of the study. The tool consists of questionnaire to assess demographic data and a check list was used to check the effectiveness of antenatal exercises. The result reveals that the experimental group mean is 20.96 and standard deviation is 1.126, Control group mean is 18.63 and standard deviation is 1.135,t-cal value=4.0987 and t-tab value=2.58. Hence there is significant relationship between the post score values of experimental and control group. It was found that the experiments were effective in changing the outcome of pregnancy with statistical significance. This was a true experimental study with post-test control group design to determine the effectiveness of antenatal exercises on outcome of pregnancy among antenatal mother

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney damage or glomerular filtration rate (GFR) &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause. CKD can progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which requires renal replacement therapy (RRT) and is associated with morbidity and mortality at all stages. Nurse-led educational interventions play an essential role in improving the awareness of patients, thereby enhancing their quality of life. Purpose: The study assessed the effectiveness of nurse-led educational intervention (NLEI) on knowledge of patients with CKD. Methods: The patients’ level of knowledge was assessed using an 18-item Chronic Kidney Disease Patient Awareness Questionnaire. An NLEI was administered to 50 patients with CKD. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Discussion: The pretest mean knowledge score was 40.42 and SD was ±4.09. The posttest mean knowledge score was 62.52 and SD was ±4.29. The paired t-test showed t = 26.35, df = 49. Significant association was found between the knowledge of patients and their dietary habits @ P ≤ 0.05. Conclusions: NLEI was effective in enhancing the knowledge of CKD patients. This implies that when appropriately implemented, the CKD patients will reap the benefits of NLEI, which has the potential to improve their health status.

Background: Anaemia is a big health issue in the world, and iron deficiency anaemia is one of the commonest types of anaemia amongst them. The incidence rate of anaemia during pregnancy has been reported high around 40-80%. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding dietary management of iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women attending outpatient department (OPD).Methods: The research approach was quantitative and one group pre-test – post-test control design sample size was 80 women selected by non-probability purposive sampling technique fulfilling the inclusion criteria.Results: The researcher compared the calculated t value i.e. 6.04 with the critical value (2.00) on 0.05 level of significance (df=79). Since the calculated value lied beyond the critical value the alternative hypothesis was accepted. So there was a significant change in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of pregnant women regarding dietary management on iron deficiency anemia.Conclusions: The researcher concluded that the self-instructional module was helpful in improving the level of knowledge among pregnant women. Self-instructional module can be a part of antenatal clinics/OPD and we can apply this for the future studies for prevention of anemia and management of anemia among pregnant women.

OSCEs are a form of simulation and are often collective but may be determinative. This educational tactic requiresrobust design based on sound pedagogy to assure practice and evaluation of holistic nursing care. The OSCE,first used in the 1970s, is an assessment of capability carried out in a well-planned, arranged and objective way.Summative OSCEs are often used at the end of courses or programmes or on accomplishment of a module to teststudents in contradiction of set objectives and learning consequences. OSCE is used in different areas like historytaking skills, interpersonal and communication skills, Mental Health Assessment, clinical diagnosis making,clinical problem-solving skills etc. Preparation is vital and increases students’ self-confidence in performingskills during the OSCE and in clinical areas. The OSCE examination entails of about 10-15 stations, each of whichrequires about 4-5 minutes. The number of stations and time consumed on each station may vary based on needsof evaluation. Thus, using 15 stations of 4 minutes separately, 15 students can complete the examination within1 hour. The OSCE style of clinical evaluation, given its obvious advantages, specifically in terms of objectivity,standardization and resourcefulness of clinical scenarios that can be measured, shows superiority over so calledclinical assessment methods especially in medical fields majorly in nursing practices.

Second generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics (SG-LAIs) injected muscle region show high-echogenicity with acoustic shadowing on B-mode scan. This study aimed to distinguish two specific types of SG-LAIs at the gluteal muscle. Forty-seven patients [risperidone (RLAI): 28 patients, aripiprazole (ALAI): 19 patients] were examined using grayscale histogram analysis of echo-intensities. Pre- and immediately after (post)-injected SG-LAI region of interest (ROI) was placed on the same sites of gluteal muscle, and the grayscale histograms were recorded. Pre- and post-injected echogenicity values were analyzed using paired t-test, and Pearson’s moment correlation coefficient. Mixed effects model regression analysis was performed on variations in average echogenicity from age and medication type. Statistical significance was at 5%. There was no significant correlation between age and average echogenicity of ROI pre-intramuscular (IM) injection (r = 0.26, p = 0.078). In both RLAI and ALAI, the mean echogenicity post-IM injection was significantly higher than pre-IM injection (p < 0.001). With increasing age, the values of echogenicity of post-injection was decreased significantly (p = 0.002). The increasing values of the echo-intensities post-injections of RLAI showed significantly higher than ALAI (p = 0.002). It was considered that administered type of LAI could be identified because each LAI exhibits specific echographically findings, it also will be able to applied clinically.

The purpose of this study was to develop the Japanese Psychiatric Nursing Assessment Classification System (PsyNACS)&copy. This study used the on-line survey method from February to April 2015. There were 644 respondents comprised of professional nurses with minimum qualification of 3 years’ experience being in a psychiatric unit of a stand-alone 200-bed or more Psychiatric Hospital in Japan. Assessment items were derived from 211 specific items selected from nursing textbooks, excluding the North-American-Nursing-Diagnosis-Association (NANDA). The questionnaire contained Cover Letter, Demographic Data Sheet, and the PsyNACS&copy questionnaire. There were 644 questionnaires accessed but only 435 were completed and valid. Item levels of importance were evaluated: 1) Unnecessary, 2) Not very important, 3) Important and 4) Very important. Data analysis used descriptive and multivariate statistics. Factor analysis (principal factor analysis, varimax rotation), the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) and the Bartlett’s test of Sphericity assessed the adaptive validity of the factor analysis. Factor loadings were set at 0.4 or more for the configuration of items. Internal consistency and reliability were established using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Mean factor points were calculated, including standard deviation, range, and confidence interval at 95%. Statistical significance was at 0.05 level. Nine Patient Assessment Data (PAD) with 2 to 5 Cluster Assessment Data (CAD) each were categorized. Thirty one CADs comprised the Patient Assessment Data: (PAD1) Psychological symptom and stress, (PAD2) Information about treatment, (PAD3) Function of eating and balance of water, (PAD4) Life and value, (PAD5) Vital signs and health assessment, (PAD6) Self-care, (PAD7) Social support, (PAD8) Activity, sleeping and mobility capability, and (PAD9) Sexual function and sexual behavior. The PsyNACS&copy is a classification of items assessing health care needs within the Japanese psychiatric nursing care environment, and also can be used in various psychiatric patient care situations in all psychiatric units.