Gobierno de Navarra

To meet the long-term demand for blood products while preserving donor health in the long run, blood establishments must recruit a sufficient number of new donors annually. To determine what will suffice, it is essential to be able to forecast future blood donation volumes as a function of new donors using estimates based on historical donation activity. Donor (n = 11,629,873) and donation data (n = 64,510,294) extracted from operational information systems of seven blood establishments were transformed into anonymous donation activity data (grouped by blood establishment, sex and blood group) in the form of time series of mean number of donations per donor, indexed by years since first donation. Linear models were fitted to the time series using ordinary least squares. Out of the various estimated models, the best fit (mean R2 over blood establishments 99.95%) for past mean donation activity was achieved when regressing the logarithm of cumulative donation activity on the logarithm of years since first donation and an indicator variable for the year of first donation. In addition to the predictions, comparison of the estimated parameters revealed that there are significant differences between blood establishments, translating to differences in the expected number of donations accumulated over the lifetime of a donor. Average donation activity can be modelled using a few variables and simple models, with high precision. The estimates can be used to create forecasts of future donation volumes, which in turn can be useful in long-term blood donation management.

Autoimmune thyroiditis is a multifactorial endocrine disorder characterized by chronic immune-mediated inflammation, oxidative imbalance, and disruption of gut microbiota homeostasis. These pathological processes lead to thyroid hormone deficiency, metabolic dysfunction, and systemic immune polarization. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunological, antioxidant, and microbiota-corrective effects of three plant-derived flavonoids - quercetin, dihydroquercetin (taxifolin), and luteolin - in an experimental rat model of autoimmune thyroiditis. Thyroid hormone concentrations (T3, T4, and fT3), antioxidant enzyme activity (GPX1), macro- and microelement balance (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe, K⁺ and P), and intestinal bacterial composition were analyzed to assess the extent of restoration. Autoimmune thyroiditis caused a pronounced decrease in thyroid hormone levels (T3 −66.5%, T4 −66.7% and fT3 −39.5%) and GPX1 activity (−59.1%), along with disturbances in essential macro- and microelements and microbiota composition. Flavonoid treatment markedly ameliorated these impairments: luteolin restored T3 and T4 levels to near-physiological values and normalized GPX1 activity by 93.6% of the control. Quercetin and dihydroquercetin showed moderate but significant improvements in antioxidant and endocrine parameters. Additionally, flavonoid supplementation rebalanced the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial taxa (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) while reducing pathogenic species (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus and Fusobacterium). Collectively, the findings demonstrate that natural flavonoids exert a potent corrective influence on immune, redox, and microbiota disturbances in autoimmune thyroiditis. Among them, luteolin exhibited the strongest integrative effect, suggesting its potential as a promising adjunctive therapy to conventional treatment in thyroid autoimmune diseases. HIGHLIGHTS Autoimmune thyroiditis induced severe endocrine, oxidative, and microbiota disturbances in rats. Dietary flavonoids significantly restored thyroid hormone homeostasis and antioxidant defense. Luteolin exhibited the strongest integrative effects on GPX1 activity and immune modulation. Flavonoid treatment rebalanced gut microbiota by increasing beneficial and reducing pathogenic taxa. Natural flavonoids represent promising functional agents for correcting immune-redox-microbiota dysregulation in AIT. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Orf virus (ORFV) is the etiological agent of Contagious Ecthyma, a global disease that mainly affects sheep, goats, wild ruminants, and humans. Here, we determined the complete genome sequence of two ORFV strains from Spain (NAV and ARA) and two from Argentina (HRE and CHB), representing the first report from the Iberian Peninsula and from South America. The assembled genomes of the ARA, CHB, HRE, and NAV strains of ORFV were found to be 137 891, 137 160, 137 340, and 137 214bp long, respectively, each contained 132 genes, and all showed high amino-acid identity and similar lengths compared to the reference strain NZ2. We performed a microsatellite analysis to identify molecular signatures associated with host species (sheep or goat). In addition, the analysis of 32 selected genes showed that the median nucleotide substitution rate for the worldwide cluster 3 that includes the four samples described in this study, was 2.6 x10-5 subs/site/year (9.2x10-8-6.7x10-5-95% HPD) placing the TMRCA (median divergence time) around 1730. Genetic characterization of ORFV strains not only allows epidemiological studies but also represents the first step towards developing molecular tools for diagnostics and vaccines.

Abstract The Pyrenean desman ( Galemys pyrenaicus ) is a semiaquatic insectivore that is critically endangered due to inbreeding, predation by the invasive American mink, and habitat fragmentation and degradation, among many other causes. Many of the streams currently occupied by the Pyrenean desman, even those protected within the Natura 2000 network, are affected by hydropower. However, the environmental flows (eflows) set by the water administrations within its distribution areas do not account for the specific needs of this species. Unfortunately, the small size, nocturnal habits and low population density of this animal make it impossible to gather the information necessary to draw habitat preference curves as detailed as those obtained for many fish and invertebrate species. As an alternative, given the urgent need to prevent the extinction of this endangered species, we propose to combine the Pyrenean desman preference for riffles, runs and pools with maps of these habitats under different flow conditions in the Leitzaran, a stream affected by diversion hydropower. We show how habitat suitability drops as riffle area decreases with flow reduction, and how this information can be used to provide a simple, rule-of-thumb method for defining eflows for the species. This method can be adapted to other populations differing in their habitat preferences, as well as to rivers with contrasting habitat characteristics.

Spatial Capture-Recapture (SCR) models using least-cost path distance offer an unified framework to estimate landscape connectivity and population size from individual detection data, while accounting for individual and spatial heterogeneity in space use. In our case study on the Pyrenean brown bear population, two “outliers” individuals were detected more often over very large spatial extent compared to other individuals. The integration of such individuals made SCR modelling challenging, especially since it remains unclear how unmodelled heterogeneity in space use may bias connectivity and population size estimates. To address this gap, we used simulations reflecting the Pyrenean brown bear population, with two groups of individuals differing in their space use due to individual characteristics but also in their spatial responses to landscape structure. We compared six SCR model formulations that varied in whether individual and spatial heterogeneity in space use were (1) ignored, (2) explicitly modelled, or (3) handled by removing outliers. We then applied the same models to the empirical bear dataset. By combining simulations and sensitivity analyses, we highlight the challenges of choosing the appropriate modelling approach when multiple sources of heterogeneity in space use occur simultaneously. Our results show that the treatment of heterogeneity in space use should match the research objective: removing outliers supports accurate population size estimation, while explicitly modelling heterogeneity is essential for reliable connectivityassessment. Overall, we provide a practical framework for identifying and addressing heterogeneity in SCR applications, to guide practitioners in deciding when additional model complexity is warranted.

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Los cines parroquiales, aquellos salones regidos por la diócesis, cobraron un gran auge en los años del franquismo. Miles de personas asistieron a sesiones de cinematógrafo gracias a esta extensa red de salas. Aunque era una programación controlada, facilitó el acceso asequible y constante a varias generaciones de espectadores en Navarra. A recordar su origen e implantación se dedican las siguientes páginas, destacando el rol esencial de la Agrupación Diocesana de Cines Parroquiales de 16 mm, constituida en 1955. El Catálogo de programación diaria de esta Agrupación y la documentación recogida por el Archivo Contemporáneo de Navarra han sido fundamentales para poder completar la relación de localidades navarras en las que hubo un cine parroquial.

Cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity, prediabetes (PreD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are global health challenges linked to metabolic dysfunction. While probiotics show promise, postbiotics offer advantages in stability, safety, and food incorporation. This study evaluates the postbiotic pA1c®HI, a heat-inactivated form of the probiotic pA1c®, for its potential in modulating glucose and lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans, compared to its live form. Worms were supplemented with pA1c®HI and live pA1c® in glucose-enriched media. Fat accumulation, gene expression, oxidative stress, and lifespan were measured using Nile Red and DHE staining, qPCR, and longevity assays. pA1c®HI significantly reduced glucose-induced fat accumulation, achieving fat reduction comparable to the anti-obesity drug orlistat and showing superior efficacy compared to the live probiotic form. It modulated the expression of genes associated with lipid oxidation (acox-1, cpt-2), fatty acid synthesis (fat-5), insulin signaling (daf-2, daf-16), and oxidative stress response (skn-1). Synergistic combinations with chromium picolinate (PC) and zinc (Zn) further enhanced metabolic outcomes. Importantly, pA1c®HI retained efficacy after thermal treatment (121–135 °C), supporting its potential for use in processed foods. pA1c®HI is a stable, effective postbiotic that modulates key pathways associated with obesity, PreD, and T2D in C. elegans, with superior performance to the live probiotic and added benefits when combined with PC and Zn.