Grace (United States)

Many signature applications-such as root certificates, secure software updates, and authentication protocols-involve long-lived public keys that are transferred or installed once and then used for many verifications. This key longevity makes post-quantum signature schemes with conservative assumptions (e.g., structure-free lattices) attractive for long-term security. But many such schemes, especially those with short signatures, suffer from extremely large public keys. Even in scenarios where bandwidth is not a major concern, large keys increase storage costs and slow down verification. We address this with a method to replace large public keys in GPV-style signatures with smaller, private verification keys. This significantly reduces verifier storage and runtime while preserving security. Applied to the conservative, short-signature schemes Wave and Squirrels, our method compresses Squirrels-I keys from 665 kB to 20.7 kB and Wave822 keys from 3.5 MB to 207.97 kB.

This article explores evolving posthumanist representations of eros, technology, and the human condition through two body horror films: David Cronenberg’s Videodrome (1983) and Julia Ducournau’s Titane (2021). Popular depictions of eros and technology can lean towards a hypermasculine, obsessive, paranoid reading of the machine, usually resulting in the disintegration of desire and with it the human body. These accounts highlight the contested figure of the “transhuman,” an excessive, technologically enhanced version of the human capable of conquering death. Emerging from postmodern critiques against grand narratives of technological progress and neoliberalist development, the critique of the transhuman underscores the impossibility of a harmonious relationship between the human and the technical. While Videodrome depicts technology as an external force intervening in human body enhancement – destroying the essence of the human and its romanticized “humanity” – Titane speculates about nature/artifice and human/technology binaries, situating technology as inherent to the human condition. This paper traces the move from the transhuman character who seeks to dominate technology and encounters human destruction, to a posthuman who is able to integrate the mediation of technology as a fundamental aspect for thinking its humanness. Drawing on the reappraisal of “originary technicity,” the body in Titane becomes with technics and environment, offering a new framework for rethinking desire and eros beyond the body. In doing so, it resists earlier theories of desire as contained, and perhaps, repressed, in the subject. Ultimately, the film embodies the possibility of moving away from the all-too human theories of eros and machine to challenge some posthumanist limitations around essentialist oppositions between nature and technology. Posthumanist frameworks must envision a future where the entanglement of technology and the human serves as a starting point for rethinking the human condition, rather than a nostalgic excess it needs to overcome.

To examine the feasibility of high-frequency sampling of symptoms and gather preliminary data on whether daily exercise behavior is related to daily symptom fluctuations. Seven patients with cancer started a 12-week daily home-based walking and resistance exercise program during chemotherapy. Each day, patients rated pain, numbness/tingling, anxiety, and depression; resistance band exercise duration and perceived exertion; and steps for 12 weeks, as well as their pain at pre-, mid-, and postintervention. Overall, daily symptom ratings showed an expected large variation. Participants took more steps on and after days with less pain; performed more minutes of resistance exercises on days with less pain, numbness/tingling, and anxiety; and reported greater exertion on days with more pain and anxiety. It is feasible to collect daily symptom measures throughout an exercise intervention during chemotherapy. Oncology nurses can help support exercise behavior by offering interventions to reduce interfering symptoms and by promoting helpful beliefs about symptoms.

Black/African Americans experience disproportionate cancer burden and mortality rates. Racial and ethnic variation in cancer burden reflects systemic and health-care inequities, cancer risk factors, and heredity and genomic diversity. Multiple systemic, sociocultural, economic, and individual factors also contribute to disproportionately low Black/African American participation in cancer clinical trials. The Participatory Action for Access to Clinical Trials project used a community-based participatory research approach inclusive of Black/African American community-based organizations, Henry Ford Health, and the University of Michigan Urban Research Center. The project aims were to understand Black/African Americans' behavioral intentions to participate in cancer clinical trials and to obtain recommendations for improving participation. Audio-recorded focus group data were transcribed and coded, and searches were conducted to identify themes and subthemes. Representative text was extracted from the transcripts. Six community focus group discussions (70 participants) and 6 Henry Ford Health patient/survivor focus group discussions (29 participants) were completed. General themes related to trial participation were identified, including (1) systemic issues related to racism, health disparities, and trust in government, health systems, and clinical research; (2) firsthand experiences with health care and health systems; (3) perceived and experienced advantages and disadvantages of clinical trial participation; and (4) recruitment procedures and personal decision-making processes. Specific recommendations on how to address barriers were obtained. Community-based participatory research is effective in bringing communities equitably to the table. To build trust, health systems must provide opportunities for patients and communities to jointly identify factors affecting cancer clinical trial participation, implement recommendations, and address health disparities.

Este artigo evidencia as alterações nos arquétipos de administração estatal. Assim, sob uma perspectiva de adminsitração pública constitucional, recente discussão tem sido travada após a tramitação do novo projeto de licitação, haja vista as demandas de governanças previstas. Nestes termos, tem-se debatido se uma certificação ISO relacionada à governança não poderia ser vista como uma delegação indevida de poderes públicos e via indireta de subversão da livre concorrência. Portanto, o presente estudo parte dos principais arquétipos de estado e adminsitração estatal para evidenciar como o atual modelo administrativo resulta em um equilíbrio de transparência e governança e ampla concorrência. A hipótese confirmável seria que no atual modelo, restar-se-ia incabível qualquer exigência de certificação privada prévia a celebração contratual por parte dos licitantes. Portanto, a hipótese confirmável seria que uma certificação não poderia ser exigida destes antes da celebração contratual. Desta feita, modelos alternativos de verificação de governança, como as conferidas pelo programa pré-ética, acabariam por representar uma alternativa viável a se atender a legislação e a necessidade de governança. A metodologia adotada foi análise discurso e conteúdo de um estudo metodológico dogmático. Após a apresentação dos principais estudos sobre o tema, os achados e a confirmação da hipótese restarão demonstrados.

IntroductionRacial disparities in disease activity, clinical outcomes, and treatment survival persist despite advancements in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) therapies and clinical management. In this post hoc analysis of pooled data from the tofacitinib global clinical program, we evaluated the impact of race on the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in patients with RA.MethodsData were pooled from 15 phase 2–3b/4 studies of patients with RA treated with tofacitinib 5 or 10 mg twice daily, adalimumab, or placebo. Outcomes were stratified by self-reported patient race (White/Black/Asian/Other). Efficacy outcomes to month 12 included: American College of Rheumatology (ACR)20/50/70 responses, Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)/Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-4(ESR)] low disease activity (LDA) rates, least squares (LS) mean change from baseline (∆) in CDAI, DAS28-4 (ESR), Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), and Pain [Visual Analog Scale (VAS)]. Odds ratios (ORs; 95% CI) versus placebo, and placebo-adjusted ∆LS means were calculated for active treatments using logistic regression model and mixed-effect model of repeated measurements, respectively. Safety outcomes were assessed throughout.ResultsA total of 6355 patients were included (White, 4145; Black, 213; Asian, 1348; Other, 649). For tofacitinib-treated patients, ORs for ACR20/50/70 responses and CDAI/DAS28-4(ESR) LDA rates through month 3 were generally numerically higher for White/Asian/Other versus Black patients. Across active treatments, trends toward higher placebo-adjusted improvements from baseline in CDAI, DAS28-4 (ESR), HAQ-DI, and Pain (VAS) were observed in Asian/Other versus White/Black patients. Numerically higher placebo responses in Black versus White/Asian/Other patients were generally observed across outcomes through month 12. Safety outcomes were mostly similar across treatment/racial groups.ConclusionsIn patients with RA, tofacitinib was efficacious across racial groups with similar safety outcomes; observed racial differences potentially reflect patient demographics or regional practice disparities.Trial Registration NumbersClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00147498; NCT00413660; NCT00550446; NCT00603512; NCT00687193; NCT01164579; NCT00976599; NCT01359150; NCT00960440; NCT00847613; NCT00814307; NCT00856544; NCT00853385; NCT01039688; NCT02187055.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40744-024-00677-y.

Objectives Trauma exposure (TE) and cognitive flexibility (CF) are risk factors for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs). However, it is unknown whether these risk factors contribute to mechanisms associated with distinct categories of SITBs. The current study examined the potential moderating role of TE in the relationships between CF and multiple SITBs, including active suicidal ideation (SI), passive SI, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), and history of suicide attempt (SA), among pre-adolescent children. Methods A total of 11,326 children from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study were included in the present study. SITBs and TE were measured by the Kiddy Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia (KSADS). CF was measured using the NIH Cognitive Toolbox. Results Cumulative TE moderated the relationship of CF to active SI. Higher CF was associated with lower odds of current SI in children with a single lifetime TE, but not in children without trauma or with two or more TE. As a main effect, two or more TE predicted higher odds of active SI, passive SI, and lifetime SA, but not NSSI. Higher CF was associated with lower odds of passive SI, with effects not moderated by trauma exposure. Conclusion The current results clarify previously inconsistent findings about the relationship of CF to SI by identifying cumulative TE as a moderator. CF served as a protective factor against SI, but only in children with a single lifetime trauma. Implications for screening and treatment targets of children at risk for distinct categories of SITBs are discussed.

This paper examines the human relationship to technology, and AI in particular, including the proposition that algorithms are the new unconscious. Key is the question of how much human abilitywill be duplicated and transcended by generalmachine intelligence. More and more people are seeking connection via social media and interaction with artificial beings. The paper examines what it means to be human and which of these traits are already or will be replicated by AI. Therapy bots already exist. It is easier to envision AI therapy guided by CBT manuals than psychoanalytic techniques. Yet, a demonstration of how AI can already perform dream analysis reaching beyond a dream's manifest content is presented. The reader is left to consider whether these findings demand a new role for psychoanalysis in supporting, sustaining, and reframing our humanity as we create technology that transcends our abilities.