Gyan Data (India)

Domestic violence against women is a worldwide phenomenon and a major public health concern. The adverse effects on the physical and mental health of the women survivors of domestic violence are influenced by various psychosocial factors. This study aimed to understand psychological distress, perceived social support, and coping strategies among women survivors of domestic violence and its implications. It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 30 women survivors of domestic violence from urban Bengaluru who were registered with a women's helpline. Data were collected using a socio-demographic schedule, a self-reporting questionnaire assessing psychological distress, perceived social support scale, and ways of coping scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Psychological distress was the highest among participants facing violence due to perpetrator using alcohol (M = 11.6, SD = 3.9) and (M = 11.73, SD = 3.5) dowry harassment. Perceived social support from family (M = 14.76, SD = 4.54) and friends (M = 11.85, SD = 4.7) was the highest among participants who reported that alcohol use was not a reason for violence. It can be noticed that alcohol use, dowry harassment, and poor coping strategies were the main reasons for domestic violence, which has led to severe psychosocial distress among the women survivors.

Recently, femtocells (HeNBs) are deployed in heterogeneous network (HetNets) attributable to the addition of coverage, capacity and impeccable spectrum efficiency in private buildings/office complexes surroundings. This unplanned placement of HeNBs creates co-channel interference (CCI) in orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). As a result service, disruption occurred at the macrocell user and femtocell user. Therefore, with always expanding interest for frequency spectrum, there is have to make available more resource allocation in order to permit more quantities of unlicensed clients to transmit their signals in the authorized groups. Cognitive-based approaches may increase the spectrum efficiency by sharing resources opportunistically from unlicensed/licensed network. However, spectrum management processes quite difficult, and a lot of chance to occur interference at the cell-edge users. Therefore, a dynamic spectrum allocation scheme is proposed for OFDMA based HetNets. The proposed scheme efficiently reduces the interferences through subchannel detection. To accomplish the CCI mitigation, the proposed scheme is functioning using the energy exposure with group creation algorithm for subchannel detection. Finally, the detected subchannel is allocated through applying power allocation algorithm. The simulation results represent that proposed scheme is able to maximize the spectrum detection and enhanced the spectral efficiency. The improved spectral efficiency recuperates the CCI situation at underlay HetNets.