Gyeongin National University of Education

Abstract Confucianism was a basis of traditional music during the Joseon period (1392–1910) in Korea. In Confucianism, music was an important tool to cultivate people from the inside. Court and Pungryu music in particular were examples of music faithful to the Confucian philosophical perspective. After the fall of the Ming dynasty in China in 1644, Joseon claimed to be the successor of Confucian rituals and music. In this chapter, the author presents the Confucian viewpoint of music and how some examples of Joseon music were reflective of it. The tradition of Confucian music faced a crisis when Western music was imported into Korea and the Joseon dynasty was overthrown. However, through the efforts of court musicians and their successors, court and Pungryu music has been well preserved to this day. Various conceptions of music and music education in contemporary South Korea still share commonalities with Confucian philosophy.

This study explored the factors that influence elementary school teachers' intention to use an artificial intelligence (AI) math learning system and analyzed the interactions and relationships among these factors.Based on the technology acceptance model, perceived usefulness for math learning, perceived ease of use of AI, and attitude toward using AI were analyzed as the main variables.Data collected from a survey of 215 elementary school teachers was used to analyze the relationships between the variables using structural equation modeling.The results of the study showed that perceived usefulness for math learning and perceived ease of use of AI significantly influenced teachers' positive attitudes toward AI math learning systems, and positive attitudes significantly influenced their intention to use AI.These results suggest that it is important to positively change teachers' perceptions of the effectiveness of using AI technology in mathematics instruction and their attitudes toward AI technology in order to effectively adopt and utilize AI-based mathematics education tools in the future.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESObesity, characterized by abnormal fat accumulation and metabolic disturbances, presents a significant health challenge. Opuntia humifusa Raf., commonly known as Korean Cheonnyuncho, is rich in various beneficial compounds and has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, its potential impact on glucose and lipid metabolism, particularly in obese rats, remains unexplored. We aimed to investigate whether O. humifusa stems and fruits could beneficially alter glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in a rat model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity.MATERIALS/METHODSThirty-two rats were allocated into 4 groups: normal diet (NF), HFD control (HF), HFD treated with 2% O. humifusa stems (HF-OS), and HFD treated with 2% O. humifusa fruits (HF-OF). Experimental diets were administered for 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment, liver and fat tissues were isolated, and serum was collected for biochemical analysis. The major flavonoid from O. humifusa stems and fruits was identified and quantified.RESULTSAfter 6 weeks of treatment, the serum fasting glucose concentration in the HF-OS group was significantly lower than that in the HF group. Serum fasting insulin concentrations in both HF-OS and HF-OF groups tended to be lower than those in the HF group, indicating a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity in the HF-OS group. Additionally, the HF-OS group exhibited a tendency towards the restoration of adiponectin levels to that of the NF group.CONCLUSIONThe 2% O. humifusa stems contain abundant quercetin and isorhamnetin, which alter fasting blood glucose levels in rats fed a HFD, leading to a favorable improvement in insulin resistance.

This study examines the Korean evidential morpheme -e ha in to the context of psych predicates, addressing the gap in the systematic study of its role in subordinate clauses and its broader semantic implications. This study reveals that -e ha is necessary when there exists a mismatch between the experiencer and the logophor of the clause. This finding highlights the syntactic transformation of psych predicates from adjectives to verbs facilitated by -e ha, which semantically requires endophoric evidence. Considering these findings, the semantic structures of clauses with psych predicates and logophor shifts are discussed. Furthermore, proposed are the semantic denotations of -e ha and a zero morpheme within the framework of epistemic modals with the assumption that the zero morpheme is requisite for psych predicates wherein experiencer aligns with the logophor. These analyses and proposals have broader implications and offer a foundation for analyzing linguistic phenomena from a logophoric perspective.

IntroductionDyslipidemia is a major cardiovascular disease risk factor associated with increased mortality. The intake of plant food-derived bioactive compounds is associated with beneficial cardiovascular effects, including decreased blood lipid levels and cardiovascular risk. We aimed to evaluate the effects of anthocyanin intake on blood lipid levels by analyzing relevant randomized controlled trials.MethodsWe searched the PubMed and Embase databases using the “Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes” format to determine whether anthocyanin supplementation intervention affected blood lipid levels compared with placebo supplementation in human participants.ResultsA total of 41 studies with 2,788 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Anthocyanin supplementation significantly reduced triglyceride [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.18, −0.01) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (SMD = −0.16; 95% CI −0.26, −0.07) levels and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI 0.20, 0.65).DiscussionAnthocyanin supplementation significantly improved blood lipid component levels in the included studies. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to further investigate the effects of anthocyanin intake on blood lipid levels and the safety of anthocyanin supplementation for treating dyslipidemia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021257087, identifier: CRD42021257087.

To determine the effect of Korean medicine treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) this study reviewed both single ingredients and bioactive compounds in the treatment of ANFH in a rat model. Literature was retrieved from PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords “femur head necrosis,” “natural extract,” and “rat.” The data from studies analyzed included: rats’ characteristics, development methods of ANFH, natural extracts administration, observation methods, and outcome indicators. Two independent researchers screened all articles retrieved and 26 studies were chosen. The most used rat species was the Sprague Dawley rat (76.9%). To induce ANFH, steroid injections (46.2%), and oral gavage (53.8%) were typically used. Studies focused mainly on factors affecting bone formation (65.3%), and apoptosis (53.8%). Research on ANFH focused on using traditional natural substances mentioned in classical literature to confirm its effectiveness against anti-inflammation, osteogenesis, and cell death. ANFH has a diverse etiology, therefore research models such as genetic analysis of human-derived samples from ANFH patients may shed more light on the condition. Moreover, research into herbal medicines and pharmacoacupuncture treatment of ANFH should precede.

Since the inception of the Every Student Succeeds Act [ESSA] of 2016, the US has brought focus to the role that research and evidence should play into the decision-making process of stakeholders [ESSA, 2015]. As members of the field turn to research and the knowledge base at large to shape practice, there is incentive to explore the knowledge base to pinpoint influential publications retrospectively. To that end, the focus of this study was to generate a summary of the key characteristics of the top-cited publications that pertain to different categories (e.g., cross-disciplinary, learners and learning, diversity and differences, teachers, teaching and teacher education, and physical education curriculum) relating to physical education (PE). Specifically, the focus was to create lists of the top 20 cited publications on different PE research categories. A systematic search on the Web of Science [WoS] was enacted using keywords related to PE. The research team independently reviewed the results and screened the top 20 lists. Extracted data provided points for further examination of the sum of citations, type of study, journal, authorship, and country of publication. As of September 15th, 2021, the top 20 lists have been cited 25,617 times. These publications have been disseminated across 48 different journals. On average, each publication had 3.6 authors, the USA and England as the leaders in terms of country of publication. In creating these top 20 lists of the top-cited publications involving PE, the research team hopes to provide members of the PE field with an easy to consume reading list of top-cited research and a concise summary of the publication characteristics.