Hôpital Jeanne d'Arc

Hunting for Jurassic “saurians” in Northeastern France during the 18th and 19th centuries (Lorraine, Champagne-Ardenne and Alsace regions). This article traces the history of the first discoveries of reptiles in the Jurassic of northeastern France in the 18th and 19th centuries. For each of the concerned departments (Ardennes, Aube, Marne, Haute-Marne, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Meuse, Moselle, Bas-Rhin and Vosges), the personalities who contributed to these discoveries are presented chronologically. An inventory of specimens preserved in several French museum and university collections is proposed. It highlights a rich fossil reptile record which spans from the Hettangian to the Tithonian and which is represented by Ichthyosauria, Plesiosauria, Thalattosuchia and Dinosauria. The formations having yielded the most abundant reptilian remains include the “Grès d'Hettange” (Hettangian), the “Calcaire à gryphées” (Hettangian to lower Sinemurian), the “Schistes cartons” and the “Marne de Flize” (lower Toarcian), the “Argiles de la Woëvre” (Callovian to lower Oxfordian), the “Marnes à exogyres” or “Marnes et calcaires à Nanogyra virgula” (upper Kimmeridgian) and the lower Tithonian limestones. This inventory also reveals a rich reptilian fossil record coming from the “Formation ferrifère” or “Minette” at the Early-Middle Jurassic transition (upper Toarcian-Aalenian), consequence of the intensive exploitation of iron ore in Lorraine during the 19th century. Scattered specimens from the Pliensbachian, Bajocian and Bathonian complete this main list. Unpublished manuscript and iconographic documents make it possible to clarify the historical context of the discoveries of important specimens, now lost or destroyed, such as the holotype of Mosellaesaurus rostrominor Monard, 1846, the holotype of Machimosaurus mosae Liénard in Sauvage & Liénard, 1879 (Thalattosuchia), and what could be one of the first ichthyosaurs found in France in the 18th century by Father Nicolas Le Bonnetier (1720-1804). These documents also made it possible to rediscover specimens which had been brought to the attention of Georges Cuvier but whose historical importance had long been forgotten.

Johnson et al. (2020a) provided a comprehensive overview of Teleosauroidea, a diverse group of Mesozoic crocodylomorphs that lived in freshwater-to-marine ecosystems across the world. Johnson et al. (2020a) performed numerous phylogenetic analyses on Teleosauroidea and used them to establish a new taxonomic framework for this long-neglected clade. However, therein the numerous new teleosauroid clades were not properly registered in accordance with the International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode). Herein we correct this error. We also replace the clade name Aeolodontinae with Aeolodontini, to ensure we do not inadvertently create two different names for this clade under the PhyloCode and the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

BackgroundMood disorders are commonly diagnosed and staged using clinical features that rely merely on subjective data. The concept of digital phenotyping is based on the idea that collecting real-time markers of human behavior allows us to determine the digital signature of a pathology. This strategy assumes that behaviors are quantifiable from data extracted and analyzed through digital sensors, wearable devices, or smartphones. That concept could bring a shift in the diagnosis of mood disorders, introducing for the first time additional examinations on psychiatric routine care.ObjectiveThe main objective of this review was to propose a conceptual and critical review of the literature regarding the theoretical and technical principles of the digital phenotypes applied to mood disorders.MethodsWe conducted a review of the literature by updating a previous article and querying the PubMed database between February 2017 and November 2021 on titles with relevant keywords regarding digital phenotyping, mood disorders and artificial intelligence.ResultsOut of 884 articles included for evaluation, 45 articles were taken into account and classified by data source (multimodal, actigraphy, ECG, smartphone use, voice analysis, or body temperature). For depressive episodes, the main finding is a decrease in terms of functional and biological parameters [decrease in activities and walking, decrease in the number of calls and SMS messages, decrease in temperature and heart rate variability (HRV)], while the manic phase produces the reverse phenomenon (increase in activities, number of calls and HRV).ConclusionThe various studies presented support the potential interest in digital phenotyping to computerize the clinical characteristics of mood disorders.

Изучаются вопросы существования и единственности решений иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили в алгебре формальных классических псевдодифференциальных операторов $\mathcal FCl(S^1,\mathbb K^n)$. Классическая алгебра $\Psi DO(S^1,\mathbb K^n)$, в которой иерархия Кадомцева-Петвиашвили хорошо известна, появляется в $\mathcal FCl(S^1,\mathbb K^n)$ как подалгебра. Исследуются алгебраические свойства алгебры $\mathcal FCl(S^1,\mathbb K^n)$, такие как расщепления, различные $r$-матричные эндоморфизмы, расширение скобки Гельфанда-Дикого, почти комплексные структуры. Доказаны существование и единственность решений иерархии Кадомцева-Петвиашвили в обычной классической алгебре $\mathcal FCl(S^1,\mathbb K^n)$ относительно расширенных классов начальных значений. Эта иерархия расширена до формальных псевдодифференциальных операторов комплексных степеней и описаны их гамильтоновы структуры аналогично ранее известному формальному случаю.

Les veines de la Terre est une anthologie militante de la Petite bibliotheque d’ecologie populaire fondee par Baptiste Lanaspeze et Marin Schaffner. Cette anthologie heureusement subjective s’ouvre sur des cartes qui localisent les « veines de la Terre », ces vastes bassins versants cartographies par Grasshopper Geography qui « fait de l’art des cartes » (https://www.grasshoppergeography.com/). Un bleu turquoise permet d’identifier immediatement, sans nul besoin de nomenclature, le vaste bass...

Le plus proche équivalent de la figure moderne qu’est l’enjambement serait dans l’Antiquité l’εἶδος σοφόκλειον, une figure fondée sur la mise en relief d’un mot en rejet ou contre-rejet, et dont Sophocle aurait été l’inventeur. L’analyse de la répartition du focus selon l’approche de la grammaire pragmatique a pu pousser les commentateurs modernes, comme Helma Dik, à déplorer la maladresse d’un Eschyle encore inaccoutumé à un trimètre iambique récemment apparu et incapable d’utiliser à bon escient la figure de l’enjambement. Cependant, l’analyse des cas où le mot en rejet ne porte aucun focus montre qu’une autre figure est à l’œuvre, ne reposant pas sur les mêmes principes, et que l’on pourrait nommer εἶδος αἰσχύλειον : une sorte de composition verticale, où les éléments grammaticalement liés ou sémantiquement complémentaires se trouvent liés, dans la performance, par leur position identique dans des vers successifs. C’est donc le retour du même moment rythmique qui aide à reconstituer à l’oreille la phrase qui apparaît au contraire disloquée à la lecture. Cette figure perdure chez Sophocle et Euripide dans des contextes précis, liés soit à une invocation visant un pathos particulier, soit à des attaques iambiques.