Hazenberg Archeologie (Netherlands)

While we were preparing another paper, we were surprised not to find an existing peer-reviewed overview of the Dutch development of conflict archaeology. Though a vast number of publications, theoretical debates and conferences on this topic does exist, nothing has appeared in academic journals. We argue that Dutch archaeology of modern conflict is primarily a community-driven development and that this is the cause for the current gap. To set the record straight we provide a review of this development up to 2015 and we argue that conflict archaeology might be the best example of community archaeology in the Netherlands yet because it started with the public. To illustrate how the results of conflict archaeology in archaeological heritage management can have an impact on local, national and army communities, we discuss the case of the 1940 battlefield ‘Grebbeberg Mount’.

AMS-bascd radiocarbon dating was applied to Medieval lime mortars made from burned shells and aggregate including both shore sediments and neovolcanic rocks. Three mortar samples from the city of Leiden near Amsterdam were prepared using the same kind of acid hydrolysis technique as has been earlier used for dating mortars made from burned marble and limestone. Five consecutive CO2 fractions were collected from each sample to form age profiles as functions of the dissolution progress index. One of the samples, from a brick wall of known age, was taken as a reference from the Pieterskerk church. Two other samples were taken from the Burcht circular stronghold on a former island on the Rhine River. The age of Burcht is less well known; thus, the presented results are a contribution to an ongoing discussion on its history.

This paper is a cross-cultural examination of the development of hunting skills and the implications for the debate on the role of learning in the evolution of human life history patterns. While life history theory has proven to be a powerful tool for understanding the evolution of the human life course, other schools, such as cultural transmission and social learning theory, also provide theoretical insights. These disparate theories are reviewed, and alternative and exclusive predictions are identified. This study of cross-cultural regularities in how children learn hunting skills, based on the ethnographic literature on traditional hunters, complements existing empirical work and highlights future areas for investigation.