Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute

Abstract Objectives Amyloid protein buildup in the kidneys leads to renal amyloidosis (RA), which impairs kidney function and often progresses to end-stage renal disease. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood, and effective treatments are lacking. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), an edible spice and medicinal herb, has demonstrated promising renal protective effects in recent years. Nevertheless, further investigation is needed to determine its effect on RA. Materials and methods A lysozyme amyloid-like fibril model (M-LYSO) was added to MES13 cell cultures or administered intravenously to C57BL/6 mice to mimic the pathological microenvironment of amyloidosis. Spectroscopic, histological, and molecular mechanistic analyses were performed to evaluate the modulatory effects of rosemary ethanol extract (REE) on RA using both in vitro and in vivo models. Results Spectroscopic analysis revealed that REE disrupted amyloid fibril structures and reduced the aggregation propensity of amyloid proteins. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that REE alleviated cellular damage to MES13 cells by improving subcellular function. It restored calcium homeostasis and eliminated reactive oxygen species, which inhibited the PERK/ATF-4/CHOP endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and the apoptosis pathway. Continuous oral administration of REE at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg for 8 weeks significantly mitigated pathological changes in renal tissues and restored kidney function in the RA model. Conclusions These findings suggest that rosemary is a promising candidate for adjuvant therapy for RA.

ABSTRACTQuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) is a pretreatment technique based on dispersive solid‐phase extraction. This study employs QuEChERS technology in preprocessing plasma samples, combined with high‐performance mass spectrometry, to quantify the concentrations of six drugs (used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: butylphthalide, clopidogrel, rosuvastatin, ramipril, atenolol, and simvastatin). This method utilizes 3 mL of acetonitrile as a precipitant, 500 mg of anhydrous magnesium sulfate as a salt precipitation agent, and 10 mg of C18 as an adsorbent for treating plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was carried out using a Shim‐pack GIST C18 from Shimadzu (2.1 × 100 mm; 2 µm), with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% methanol and 0.1% water, detected in ESI positive ion mode. N‐butylphthalide, clopidogrel, and rosuvastatin demonstrated linear relationships within the range of 1–100 ng/mL, while ramipril and atenolol exhibited linear relationships within the range of 2–200 ng/mL. Simvastatin exhibited linear relationships in the range of 4–400 ng/mL. All linear equations exhibit R2 values exceeding 0.990, and the methodological validation results meet the requirements. The method offers the advantages of rapidity, simplicity of operation, and high accuracy, making it suitable for drug detection in patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or stroke.

Double‐arrowed honeycomb (DAH) is a honeycomb whose unit cells are stitched together in the shape of double arrows, which is a new development in the field of artificial metamaterials. DAH metamaterials are notable for their negative Poisson's ratio and lightweight properties, but exhibit limitations in enhancing both energy absorption (EA) and load‐bearing capacity. Herein, three novel variants of DAH metamaterials based on the DAH structure are investigated to achieve simultaneous enhancement of EA properties and load‐bearing capacity by adding connecting plates and reinforcements to the upper (Up‐DAH, UDAH), lower (Down‐DAH, DDAH), and upper and lower (Up and Down‐DAH, UDDAH) of the DAH. The DAH, UDAH, DDAH, and UDDAH structures are fabricated using 3D printing technology and tested under quasi‐static conditions. Corresponding finite element models are developed and validated through experimental testing. Both experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the novel DAH structures enhance EA and load‐bearing capacity under identical parameters, exhibiting higher plateau stress and SEA. Notably, UDAH outperforms DDAH, suggesting that adding upper‐layer connections improves EA more effectively than lower‐layer connections. Furthermore, the novel DAH materials exhibit unique double‐plateau stress characteristics, which are absent in DAH, depending on the parameter variations.

Abstract: Rosmarinus officinalis L. is a long-honored medicinal and edible aromatic plant extensively employed in the food, pharmaceutical, and spice industries. It is rich in various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, terpenes, phenylpropanoic acids, quinones, and steroids, which exhibit a range of effects such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective properties. To further explore the application potential of Rosmarinus officinalis, we predicted the quality marker (Q-Marker) based on the measurability of chemical constituents, traditional medicinal properties, and effectiveness. This approach was informed by research on the components, biological activities, and mechanisms of action, followed by network pharmacology analysis. Ultimately, 17 practical components were selected as potential biomarkers, including carnosic acid, carnosol, rosmanol, isorosmanol, epirosmanol, 7- methoxyrosmanol, 7-ethoxyrosmanol, rosmaridiphenol, rosmadial, rosmarinic acid, 1,8-cineole, rosmarinine, royleanone, horminone, homovanillic acid, ferruginol, and cryptotanshinone. Most of these compounds belong to the categories of terpenoids and organic acids. Through enrichment analysis, we identified the targets and pathways of these components in various diseases, such as microbial infection, cancer, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and abnormal glycolipid metabolism. This integrated approach that combines plant components, big data, and pharmacology for marker screening is more rational. The results provide a reference for the development, research, and quality evaluation of rosemary resources.

Background and ObjectiveChronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is a complex chronic disease caused by multiple factors that frequently occurs disease in the clinic. The worldwide prevalence of CAG is high. Interestingly, clinical CAG patients often present with a variety of symptom phenotypes, which makes it more difficult for clinicians to treat. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the complexity of the clinical CAG population, obtain more accurate disease subtypes, and explore the relationship between clinical symptoms and medication. Therefore, based on the integrated platform of complex networks and clinical research, we classified the collected patients with CAG according to their different clinical characteristics and conducted correlation analysis on the classification results to identify more accurate disease subtypes to aid in personalized clinical treatment.MethodTraditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers an empirical understanding of the clinical subtypes of complicated disorders since TCM therapy is tailored to the patient’s symptom profile. We gathered 6,253 TCM clinical electronic medical records (EMRs) from CAG patients and manually annotated, extracted, and preprocessed the data. A shared symptom-patient similarity network (PSN) was created. CAG patient subgroups were established, and their clinical features were determined through enrichment analysis employing community identification methods. Different clinical features of relevant subgroups were correlated based on effectiveness to identify symptom–botanical botanical drugs correspondence. Moreover, network pharmacology was employed to identify possible biological relationships between screened symptoms and medications and to identify various clinical and molecular aspects of the key subtypes using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis.Results5,132 patients were included in the study: 2,699 males (52.60%) and 2,433 females (47.41%). The population was divided into 176 modules. We selected the first 3 modules (M29, M3, and M0) to illustrate the characteristic phenotypes and genotypes of CAG disease subtypes. The M29 subgroup was characterized by gastric fullness disease and internal syndrome of turbidity and poison. The M3 subgroup was characterized by epigastric pain and disharmony between the liver and stomach. The M0 subgroup was characterized by epigastric pain and dampness-heat syndrome. In symptom analysis, The top symptoms for symptom improvement in all three subgroups were stomach pain, bloating, insomnia, poor appetite, and heartburn. However, the three groups were different. The M29 subgroup was more likely to have stomach distention, anorexia, and palpitations. Citrus medica, Solanum nigrum, Jiangcan, Shan ci mushrooms, and Dillon were the most popular botanical drugs. The M3 subgroup has a higher incidence of yellow urine, a bitter tongue, and stomachaches. Smilax glabra, Cyperus rotundus, Angelica sinensis, Conioselinum anthriscoides, and Paeonia lactiflora were the botanical drugs used. Vomiting, nausea, stomach pain, and appetite loss are common in the M0 subgroup. The primary medications are Scutellaria baicalensis, Smilax glabra, Picrorhiza kurroa, Lilium lancifolium, and Artemisia scoparia. Through GO and KEGG pathway analysis, We found that in the M29 subgroup, Citrus medica, Solanum nigrum, Jiangcan, Shan ci mushrooms, and Dillon may exert their therapeutic effects on the symptoms of gastric distension, anorexia, and palpitations by modulating apoptosis and NF-κB signaling pathways. In the M3 subgroup, Smilax glabra, Cyperus rotundus, Angelica sinensis, Conioselinum anthriscoides, and Paeonia lactiflora may be treated by NF-κB and JAK-STAT signaling pathway for the treatment of stomach pain, bitter mouth, and yellow urine. In the M0 subgroup, Scutellaria baicalensis, Smilax glabra, Picrorhiza kurroa, Lilium lancifolium, and Artemisia scoparia may exert their therapeutic effects on poor appetite, stomach pain, vomiting, and nausea through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.ConclusionBased on PSN identification and community detection analysis, CAG population division can provide useful recommendations for clinical CAG treatment. This method is useful for CAG illness classification and genotyping investigations and can be used for other complicated chronic diseases.