Henry Viscardi School

At a recent nursing conference, an experienced nurse stood up in the audience and asked to address the nursing students in the room. She graciously thanked them for their participation and then gave them striking advice, “The most important thing you will need to learn if you are going to thrive in nursing is how to put your selfcare above everything else.

Nutrition is a key input in the health production function, and a better understanding of how we eat can aid in guiding effective policy change towards better population health. This study documents prevalence rates, trends in, and potential correlates of nutrient intake for panels of countries, categorized by geographical regions and levels of development. We assemble data from 209 countries, spanning 51 years , based on original data compilations using 960 country-years for BMI, 370 country-years for glucose, and 321 country-years for cholesterol.

As a postscript to this HRM Special Issue on HR strategy in five leading firms, three preeminent experts in the field of human resources provide their reactions and comments. Mike Losey is President and Chief Executive Officer of the Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), Tony Rucci is Dean of the College of Business Administration at the University of Illinois at Chicago, and Dave Ulrich is Professor of Business at the University of Michigan. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Employment Relations TodayVolume 19, Issue 1 p. 17-23 New Idea Welch's builds middle management to meet today's competitive challenges James T. Ryan, James T. Ryan James T. Ryan is an HRCI-accredited Senior Professional in Human Resources and the director of human resources at Welch's, Westfield, New York.Search for more papers by this author James T. Ryan, James T. Ryan James T. Ryan is an HRCI-accredited Senior Professional in Human Resources and the director of human resources at Welch's, Westfield, New York.Search for more papers by this author First published: Spring 1992 https://doi.org/10.1002/ert.3910190104 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume19, Issue1Spring 1992Pages 17-23 RelatedInformation

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of active exercise of the arms on various physiological, perceptual, and cognitive parameters of children with spina bifida manifesta who were aged 9 to 12 yr. Following a 5-min. rest interval, subjects were either not exercised (control days) for a 6-min. period or were exercised (experimental days) for a 6-min. period. Cardiac measures, respiratory function, peripheral vision, and figural learning trials were recorded after exercise. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank tests were computed on the means of the exercise and no-exercise conditions for each measure. Six minutes of active exercise resulted in significant increases in peripheral vision, respiratory and cardiac measures and significant decreases in figural learning trials for these children. A floor effect was noted for the figural learning test. It was concluded that exercise increased blood flow through the lungs allowing for greater oxygen diffusion in the brain and other facilitatory effects resulting in more effective cerebral activity. Curriculum revisions for such children seem to indicate the importance of activity in facilitating subsequent learning.

A previous study (1974) on seven severe myopathic children of the Duchenne type OF luvenile Muscular Dystrophy, whose myopathies did not involve severed afferent neurons or spinal lesions showed that cardiac cost was increased and associative learning task time was decreased, as a result of 6 min. of passive exercise of myopathic muscles. N o changes were found in respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute pulmonary ventilation. It was assumed that exercise increased blood flow through the lung allowing for greater oxygen diffusion in the brain resulting in increased efficiency in cerebral activity. The purpose was to investigate the effects of passive exercise of the lower extremities on cardiac cost, respiratory rate, tidal volume, and associative learning on the 12 students. The decision to exercise the large muscles of the lower extremities (primarily the gluteus maxirnus and medius, iliopsoas, rectus femods, quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius) stemmed from the fact that these muscle groups are usually first to be affected after the onset of the disease, and, with this type of muscular dystrophy, they are the first to lose strength and become immobilized. In addition, being transported to school in wheelchairs most muscular dystrophy students might perform some movements with their arms, but their legs remain largely inactive. The effects of passively moving silent muscles on the dependent variables was of utmost importance. All subjects ranged from 9 to 11 yr. of age. Control and exercise days were randomly selected. All exercises were performed by a registered physical therapist. After the control or exercise period, cardiac cost was assessed utilizing Brouha's ( 1959) technique. Respiratory variables were measured using a special electropneurnotachograph. Thirty minutes after control o r exercise period, an associative learning task was given utilizing high frequency AA monosyllabic words as suggested by Postman and Keppel (1969). Subjects were asked to learn 1 0 assistive pairs presented at 5-sec. intervals. Two trials without error and the time required for two correct trials without error were recorded four times, each subject being exercised on two days and not exercised on two days. The order was randomized and each score represented the mean of two trials. t tests for correlated data showed that passive exercise had a significant effect on cardiac cost ( t = 3.14, p .05) . It is clear that muscular dystrophic children are sensitive to passive exercises. It is assumed that these exercises increased blood flow through the vascular bed of the lungs, allowing for delivery of higher oxygen tensions (PO.) at the level of the cerebral cortex. This could increase efficiency of cerebral activity resulting i n higher levels of learning ability.