Herzen University

The article refers to the epic texts of Dolgan olonkho as a reflection of the cultural, linguistic, as well as ethno-identical features of Dolgans, which are the northernmost and one of the youngest Turkic ethnic groups in the modern world. Dolgan olonkho is considered as a set of ethnic texts of the indigenous small-numbered people of Siberia and Russia, which are the objects of “near” anthropology and act in the context of a comprehensive cultural turn of the sciences as objects of humanities as a whole, as well as potential objects of ethnic translation. The ethnic texts contain cultural information and memory generated throughout the entire existence of the ethnic group and reflect its the most important real and mythological past, which determines the research relevance. Culturonyms are recognized as a regular form of cultural information and memory verbalization, which in relation to translating culture turns out to be xenonyms and act as the main units of ethnic translation, which implies the obligatory and most complete reconstruction of “foreign” cultural information in translated texts. The novelty of the study is determined by the consideration of Dolgan epic texts in the context of ethnic translation – a multifunctional intercultural communicative activity that performs culture preservation, research, language revitalization, educational, pedagogical, and identity constructing tasks, as well as provides access to representatives of other world cultures and researchers to the unique culture of the Russian North. The purpose of the study was to analyze the existing experience of translating the Yakut olonkho, created by the closely related to Dolgans Sakha ethnic group, in light of the possibility of using it as a “translation benchmarking” tool (as one of the best examples of translation of a Turkic-language epic), which allows for the application of basic strategies, principles, and techniques of translation of ethnic texts that have already proven their effectiveness in Yakut Translation Studies. The ethnic translation approach to the texts of the Dolgan olonkho is based on the general scientific methodological principle of complementarity, which involves the combined use of methods and ideas from Cultural Studies, Folklore Studies, Linguistics, and Translation Studies, as well as the principles of Hermeneutics, which are used descriptively and prescriptively. The theoretical and practical significance of the analysis suggests the possibility of using its results to create general and particular theories of ethnic translation, understood as “near” Translation Studies, as well as to develop academic courses on Epic Studies, Siberian Studies, Cross-cultural Communication, Ethnic Linguistics and other sections of modern humanities.

The article is devoted to historiographical assessments of the relationship between government, public administration bodies in provinces, on the one hand, and bodies of noble estate self-government, on the other. Due to the fact that pre-revolutionary historians considered the features of noble self-government throughout the Russian Empire, their views on these issues appear highly contradictory. Currently, the trend of studying noble corporatism has shifted to the local level, which has provided more specifi c conclusions for each province. This approach enabled scientists to identify local trends in both noble self-government and the relationship of its bodies with local administration and government.

In this paper, we present the results of a paleoanthracological analysis of the Lateglacial Kulikovo section (eastern Baltic, Kaliningrad region). This is proposed as a new methodological approach to studying the presence of woody taxa in Lateglacial vegetation. Woody vegetation is an important marker of environmental dynamics in post-glacial areas and one of the most important indicators of climate amelioration. Therefore, establishing the time of the appearance of woody vegetation during the Lateglacial period is essential. Paleoanthracological analysis revealed 22 macrocharcoal morphotypes, among which were the following indicators of woody (coniferous and deciduous) vegetation: wood, punky wood, needles, leaf stems, etc. The results indicate an almost continuous local presence of woody species in the study area since the Older Dryas, 14.0 ka. This conclusion is in good agreement with the available data on the presence of phytoliths of conifers and palynological data, indicating that from the end of the Older Dryas up to approximately 12.5 ka, the percentage of arboreal vegetation did not fall below 50% of terrestrial pollen, and over a significant part of the studied time interval it reached 70–80%. Paleoanthracological analysis can serve as both an independent method of studying the emergence of woody vegetation in a certain area and an important addition to the reconstruction of Lateglacial vegetation based on pollen data.

Introduction. Tourism should be the driving force of the economy, creating jobs, contributing to the active lifestyle of the host communities. In this regard, the study of the formation of tourism development policy and destination management is undoubtedly relevant. The analysis of the relationship between the management of tourist destinations and the recommendations of the tourism development policy is an under-researched aspect of the tourist destination management. The purpose of this article is to study the management of destinations in the context of shaping regional tourism policy. Methodology and sources. The methodology of the article is based on conceptual sociological provisions on the management of tourist destinations, based on a wide range of authors and well-established sociological theories. The key influences include the ideas of strategic coordination, cooperation of interest groups and the concept of sustainable development in tourism management. Results and discussion. The article examines the relationship and defines the concepts of “tourism policy” and “destination management”. The relationship is expressed in the fact that destination management as an instrument of regional tourism development policy implements the plans set by that policy. The management of a tourist destination operates at the operational and tactical levels, at the level of a specific place/ locality. Tourism policy is the collective guiding principles, strategies, and rules that are used by governments and organizations to manage the tourism industry. Policy creates a structure within which destinations are managed. Conclusion. Tourist destination management is a key tool of regional tourism policy, coordinating all aspects of a tourist destination to ensure its sustainability and competitiveness. It involves the joint efforts of stakeholders such as business, government and the community. By integrating various management functions and aligning them with other regional strategies such as transportation development and environmental protection, tourist destination management can create a holistic and high-quality visitor experience while supporting the local community.

Palladium(II) cyclometalated complexes combine the properties of aromatic compounds and platinum group metals in terms of the ability to bind DNA and even double-stranded RNA. In this study, the activity of palladium(II) ethylenediamine complexes with Nile red (PdEnNR), coumarine 6 (PdEnC6) and 7,8-benzoquinoline (PdEnBhq) was tested against human cancerous and non-cancerous cells, as well as against mycoplasma pathogens of humans, poultry and plants. It was found that only PdEnC6 transiently reduced A549 cell proliferation after 72h, and cell counts were normalized after 96h, while PdEnNR and PdEnBhq did not demonstrate any significant influence on cancer cells. In relation to non-cancerous FLEH-1097/30 cells, only PdEnBhq had a limited toxic effect. At the same time, PdEnNR showed weak activity against mycoplasmas, but the minimum inhibitory concentrations of PdEnC6 and PdEnBhq against poultry pathogen Mycoplasma gallisepticum and human pathogen Mycoplasma arginini correspond to that of a number of commercial antibacterial drugs. We assume that these complexes or their derivatives can be promising agents for treating mycoplasma-infected cell cultures used in science or biotechnology or perspective drugs for controlling mycoplasma infections.

The article analyzes the content of the era of Peter the Great monument «Youth's Honest Mirror» in relation to the issues of teaching speech communication that are relevant today. Unlike the generally accepted assessment of this 18th-century work as the first textbook on etiquette in Russia, the authors of the article emphasize the components of the «code of speech behavior» that are necessary for the social success of young noblemans. This allows us to view it as the first step in creating a training manual on speech etiquette that meets the needs of the time. The purpose of this article is to trace the history of the formation of the goals and objectives of teaching new communicative behavior, to identify the components that the authors of the Petrine era included in its content, and to relate them to the modern principles of communicative pragmatics. The authors conclude that the teaching of communication according to the rules of Peter the Great's time is based on the same principles that can be found in modern textbooks on speech etiquette and speech culture. In the language of its time, «The Honest Mirror of Youth» presents the principles of cooperation and politeness, which involve the ability to adapt one's speech behavior to the interests of the interlocutor, and teaches the ability to choose a communicative strategy and tactics that align with the communicative goal, as well as providing examples of normative communicative behavior.

This article uses specific examples to describe the primary lexico-semantic difficulties encountered when teaching Russian to Chinese students, specifically focusing on a group of words denoting a person’s inner world. The research aims to identify the lexico-semantic challenges Chinese students face when studying these concepts in the Russian language. The scientific novelty of the research lies in identifying specific lexico-semantic difficulties that arise for Chinese students during Russian language instruction, with an emphasis on concepts related to the inner world. Unlike previous studies that focus on general language-learning difficulties, this work delves into the cultural and semantic differences between Russian and Chinese, highlighting the specifics of perceiving emotional states and inner experiences within the context of the two cultures. The study establishes that the primary lexico-semantic difficulties in learning inner-world concepts are caused by both cultural and cognitive differences between the Russian and Chinese linguistic worldviews, as well as the specific organization of emotional and expressive vocabulary in the Russian language. The identified challenges negatively affect the processes of memorizing, perceiving, and reproducing lexical units related to the human inner world, which necessitates the development of a specialized set of exercises.

ABSTRACT Conjugated nitroalkenes, particularly 1‐aryl‐3‐nitroprop‐2‐en‐1‐ones, represent a valuable class of electrophilic substrates due to the presence of electron‐withdrawing groups that enable selective nucleophilic attacks. This study explores the reactivity of these nitropropenones and their brominated analogs with benzohydrazide, phenylsemicarbazide, and semicarbazide. The reactions predominantly proceed via aza‐Michael addition, yielding adducts that can be further transformed through elimination of HNO 2 or HBr to monohydrazones of α‐diketones with good to excellent yields. Structural studies, including NMR and x‐ray crystallography, revealed the E‐s‐trans configurations of the synthesized compounds. Importantly, in silico PASS analysis predicts high potential biological activities for the synthesized compounds, notably as inhibitors of various enzymes. These findings highlight the synthetic accessibility and promising pharmacological profile of nitroalkene‐derived hydrazone compounds, encouraging their further exploration for therapeutic applications.

Purpose of research . One of the symbols of the Carlist movement in Spain was the red beret, which turned into a vestimentary sign indicating the ideology of its owner. It is analyzed the metonymic use of the eimonim “red beret” in the Carlist political discourse in relation to the participants of the movement. Methods . Texts in Spanish, French, and Russian, authored by participants of the Carlist movement, were used as the material for the research. The methods of discursive and contextual content-semantic analysis as well as the method of cultural and historical interpretation of language material were used. Results . The analyzed materials allow us to conclude that already in the late 1830s, at the early stage of the development of the movement, the red beret began to turn into a vestimentary sign identified with Carlism. The metonymic name “red berets”, used in relation to Carlists, became widespread in the Spanish language only at the beginning of the 20th century, after the publication of R.M. del Valle-Inclán's novel “El resplandor de la hoguera”, in which this metonymy is registered eight times. In the 1930s, this lexical unit is recorded in the language of the White Russian emigres in Spain. Conclusion . The research is the first attempt in Russian and foreign linguistics to analyze the use of the metonym "red berets" in the political discourse of Spanish Carlism.

Introduction. The article examines the issues of teenagers' personal characteristics necessary for solving everyday and atypical tasks in the world around them. Particular focus is given to the study of the personalities of 14- and 15-year-old cadets at the Naval School. The personal characteristics of these cadets are of particular interest to researchers, since teenagers, having made their choice of social environment at the age of 10 or 11, are not free to choose the people who will make up their immediate social circle. Materials and methods. The authors focus on the factors measured by the R. Kettell test, behavioural strategies employed in conflict situations, and academic performance. Results. The results of the study indicate that teenagers who have studied for five years in the basic general education programmes at the Naval School are disciplined and emotionally stable, and adapt well to new situations. Cadets are characterised by naturalness and ease of behaviour, a willingness to cooperate and an attentive attitude towards others. They easily join active groups, are not afraid of criticism and do not feel timid when communicating with adults, preferring dialogue to resolve conflicts. Cadets with high academic performance demonstrate a higher level of volitional self-control. Conclusions. The study reveals the personal characteristics of cadets who successfully complete the educational programme.