Hewlett-Packard (Australia)

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young is devastating. Contemporary incidence remains unclear with few recent nationwide studies and limited data addressing risk factors for causes. We aimed to determine incidence, trends, causes, and risk factors for SCD in the young. The National Coronial Information System registry was reviewed for SCD in people aged 1 to 35 years from 2000 to 2016 in Australia. Subjects were identified by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision code relating to circulatory system diseases (I00-I99) from coronial reports. Baseline demographics, circumstances, and cause of SCD were obtained from coronial and police reports, alongside autopsy and toxicology analyses where available. During the study period, 2006 cases were identified (median age, 28±7 years; men, 75%; mean body mass index, 29±8 kg/m2). Annual incidence ranged from 0.91 to 1.48 per 100 000 age-specific person-years, which was the lowest in 2013 to 2015 compared with previous 3-year intervals on Poisson regression model (P=0.001). SCD incidence was higher in nonmetropolitan versus metropolitan areas (0.99 versus 0.53 per 100 000 person-years; P<0.001). The most common cause of SCD was coronary artery disease (40%), followed by sudden arrhythmic death syndrome (14%). Incidence of coronary artery disease-related SCD decreased from 2001-2003 to 2013-2015 (P<0.001). Proportion of SCD related to sudden arrhythmic death syndrome increased during the study period (P=0.02) although overall incidence was stable (P=0.22). Residential remoteness was associated with coronary artery disease-related SCD (odds ratio, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.24-1.67]; P<0.001). For every 1-unit increase, body mass index was associated with increased likelihood of SCD from cardiomegaly (odds ratio, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.05-1.11]; P<0.001) and dilated cardiomyopathy (odds ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01-1.06]; P=0.005). Incidence of SCD in the young and specifically coronary artery disease-related SCD has declined in recent years. Proportion of SCD related to sudden arrhythmic death syndrome increased over the study period. Geographic remoteness and obesity are risk factors for specific causes of SCD in the young.

This image describes the CT image of the phantom which has been captured by the CT machine, and this image is given as the input to the next processes for the generation of the sinogram image and for the process of the back projection.

This article investigates the impact of the London PM gold price fixing on two exchange‐traded gold instruments: the GC gold futures contract and the GLD exchange‐traded fund. We find significantly elevated levels of trade volume and price volatility immediately following the fixing's start, well before the conclusion of the fixing and the publication of its results. Similarly, we find statistically significant return advantages in the 4 minutes following the start of the fixing for informed traders. We find no significant impacts or returns following the publication of the fixing results. Trades in the opening minutes of the fixing are significantly predictive of the price direction of the fixings, in some cases exceeding 90%. Combined, these findings support the following conclusions: that the London PM gold price fixing does have material impact on the exchange traded gold instruments, information from the fixing is leaking into markets prior the fixing results being published, and there exist economic returns for trading on these information leaks. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:1003–1039, 2014

A software system often consists of thousands of source files, which must be translated into thousands of intermediate files, which eventually must be translated into some small number of library and executable files. Collectively, these steps compose its build process. A large software system can be difficult to build. The steps can be numerous and complex. Of course, there are a variety of tools to assist us (e.g. MAKE), but their languages emphasize the specification of low-level details (e.g. compiler names and options), rather than high-level attributes (e.g. host/target platforms and required subsystems). This paper describes a new domain-specific language for specifying the composition and construction of a software system, where the emphasis is on high-level attributes. A specification is processed by a pipeline of fairly simple tools to produce a set of makefiles, which are then processed by MAKE in the usual way.