Higher School of Agribusiness

Bazar mühitinin qeyri – müəyyənliyi iqtisadi münasibətlərin subyektlərindən bazarda baş verən proseslərin dərin təhlilini aparmağı tələb edir. Biznes subyektləri digərləri ilə aralarında yaranan münasibətlərin müxtəlifliyinə görə daim dəyişən şəraitdə fəaliyyət göstərirlər. Hüquqi təminatın qeyri – səlisliyi, bazar və informasiya infrastrukturunun kifayət səviyyədə inkişaf etməməsi, iqtisadi həyatda baş verən dalğalanmaların artması, maliyyə – kredit sistemindəki problemlər, əsas istehsal strukturlarının təsərrüfat əlaqələrinin zəif inkişaf etməsi iqtisadi sabitliyi pozan amillər sırasındadır. Beləliklə, təsərrüfat subyektlərinin fəaliyyəti xarici mühitin qeyri – müəyyənliyi şəraitində həm obyektiv, həm də subyektiv səbəblərdən geniş iqtisadi təhlillərin aparılmasını şərtləndirir. İqtisadiyyatda təsərrüfat subyektlərinin iqtisadi sabitliyi digər hallarla yanaşı, kollektivin mövqelərinin sabitliyinə, insanların həyat səviyyəsinə, innovasiyalara, yerli istehsalçıların dünya və daxili bazarlarda rəqabət qabiliyyətinə müsbət təsir göstərir. Bu baxımdan yeni yaradılan istehsal strukturları əsasən bazar şəraitində stabil fəaliyyət göstərmək, bazar mövqelərini saxlamaq, daxili istehlakçıları qorumaq və istehsal aparatını müasir tələblər əsasında saxlamaqda maraqlıdır. Biznes subyektlərinin iqtisadiyyatının ümumi vəziyyətinin, struktur dəyişikliklərinin, əsas fəaliyyət növlərinin resurs təminatının, daxili bazar tələbinin vəziyyətinin öyrənilməsi göstərir ki, milli iqtisadiyyatdakı dayanıqlığın artırılması yeni iqtisadi modelə keçidlə əlaqədar olaraq innovativ inkişafa əsaslanan artım, biznes subyektlərinin iqtisadi dayanıqlığının təmin edilməsi üçün nəzəri və metodoloji əsasların işlənib hazırlanmasını tələb edir. Bu istiqamətdə biznes subyektlərinin idarəetmə mexanizmi, idarəetmə və marketinqi, dövlət müəssisələrinin yenilənmiş sosial-iqtisadi münasibətlər sistemi ilə səhmdar cəmiyyətlərə çevrilməsi zamanı struktur yenilənməsi öz əhəmiyyətini qoruyur.

The agro logistics system is a multifunctional logistics framework that encompasses all processes related to the collection, storage, processing, packaging, transportation, and distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, the efficiency of the logistics system is determined by improvements in each of these stages, as well as by a range of external factors. The Republic of Armenia, classified as a developing country from a logistics perspective, currently faces a range of challenges. Overcoming these challenges would contribute to setting higher benchmarks in foreign trade and ensuring the operation of a more stable and sustainable logistics system. Accordingly, the objective of this article is to assess the current state of the agro logistics system in the Republic of Armenia, to identify the key challenges hindering its sustainable development, and ultimately to reveal and substantiate the opportunities for improving its efficiency. The overall efficiency of the logistics system will be evaluated not only through value-based indicators, but also by means of qualitative and technical metrics. These will be compared with those of countries that have advanced logistics systems․ As a result, a plan for the development of new infrastructure will be proposed, which will include the establishment of alternative domestic road routes, their appropriate reinforcement with tunnels and bridges, the improvement of the quality of paved roads, the expansion of the railway network across the country, and the construction of new specialized warehouses.

NPK 16-16-16 is a balanced compound fertilizer formulated to support both vegetative and generative plant growth in a single application, thereby enhancing fertilization efficiency and nutrient uptake due to its water-soluble granular form. This study aimed to evaluate horticultural farmers’ satisfaction with NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer and identify influencing factors. Research was conducted across five horticultural sub-districts in Garut District, involving 80 farmer respondents. Data was analyzed using multiple regression and the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The CSI results indicate that farmers were generally satisfied with attributes such as composition, product quality, yield performance, ease of application, availability, dosage, and brand, each receiving satisfaction scores above 4.00. Regression analysis revealed that education and farming experience had a significant positive effect on satisfaction, while age had an adverse effect. Income, land area, and farmer group participation showed no significant influence. Simultaneously, all variables were statistically significant predictors of satisfaction, although the model explained only 17.4% of the variance ( R² = 0.174 ), suggesting the presence of other influential factors not captured in the model. The findings have practical implications for improving fertilizer use practices, guiding policymakers in agricultural support, and providing a foundation for future research on farming inputs and farmer satisfaction.

PURPOSE: The aim of the article is to determine changes in the behaviour and preferences of individual automotive consumers as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The specific objectives are characterise the group of individual car users, showing preferences in the use of cars by individual users before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, presening plans and intentions regarding car purchases, determine the nature and durability of changes in the behaviour of individual car users.

Celem badań było poznanie częstotliwości występowania chorób racic w stadach krów mlecznych w powiecie łomżyńskim, analiza ich przyczyn oraz sposobów leczenia i zapobiegania. Choroby racic są bardzo częstymi schorzeniami, jakie dotykają stada krów mlecznych hodowcówz terenu powiatu łomżyńskiego. W stadach wszystkich badanych rolników dochodzi do kulawizny utrzymywanych zwierząt, a co za tym idzie, do brakowania stada. Najczęstszą przyczyną kulawizny są czynniki higieniczne, a zwłaszcza wilgotne stanowiska dla zwierząt, zabłoconewybiegi (78%), system żywienia i nieprawidłowo zbilansowane dawki pokarmowe (67%). Badania wykazały, że zapobieganie chorobom racic krów mlecznych wymaga wielu działań o charakterze profilaktycznym. Badani rolnicy jako główne wskazali korekcję racic (87%), kąpiele racic (83%) i stosowanie kwarantanny (56%).

SummaryUsing the example of the hashtag #veganuary, a neologism of vegan and January, on Twitter with over 52,000 tweets from 2022, this article shows how Social Media Analytics can provide valuable insights into timing, volume and sentiment within any emerging (consumer) trend. Social Media Analytics is increasingly being used for the analysis of Social Media data. Whether consumers, politicians or entrepreneurs, all stakeholders in the food value chain are present on Social Media and talk about various trends in food and agriculture. In the form of an overview article, this contribution uses the example of the Vegan Challenge to demonstrate how a combination of the manifold methods of Social Media Analytics can provide extensive insights into the public discourse on food topics. It shows that #veganuary communication on Twitter has a predominantly positive connotation in the discussion of all stakeholders involved. The Vegan Challenge can also be categorised as a strong marketing campaign with a competitive character. #veganuary is commonly discussed on Twitter in tweets related to topics, such as veganism and the climate crisis. We argue that Social Media Analytics usefully extends classical analytical tools of consumer research on emerging and spreading food trends, and offers opportunities for many research studies.

The progress and prosperity of a nation depends largely on the quality of human resource the country possesses. The present youth are the trend setters of future farming. India is the second most populous country in the world, but with an average age of 29, it has one of the youngest populations globally. As this vast resource of young citizens enters the workforce, it could create a ‘demographic dividend’. A demographic dividend is defined by the United Nations Population Fund as economic growth resulting from a shift in a population’s age structure, mainly when the working-age population is larger than the number of dependents. India is home to a fifth of the world’s youth demographic dividend and this population advantage could play a critical role in achieving the nation’s ambitious target to become a US$ 5 trillion economy. During last one decade, rural India witnessed the continuous migration of rural youth to urban areas. This situation is very serious and alarming and the migration of rural youth created a vacuum in the villages. It has been observed and expressed by many enlightened persons that villages are becoming old age homes draining away the talented farm youth to stay away from farming in India. There are more than 608 million family farms around the world, occupying between 70 and 80 percent of the world's farmland and producing around 80 percent of the world's food in value terms [1]. In the ancient India every family in each village was a single unit of production.  This ancient family occupation has survived over the ages through a process of transfer from father to son, generation to generation. But in recent times, with an exceptional externalization of farming and under pervasive influence of liberalization, privatization and globalization, this process of transfer of occupational knowledge within the community is seriously dislocated. Most of the younger generation sees very little to cherish in rural life [2]. Thus rural youth, in their formative years, seem to find their role models elsewhere. In fact, the urban life, so visible now-a-days, appears to attract them in many ways. As a result, in rural society, many things that were regarded as most valuable in Indian social life seem to have suddenly become out dated [3]. It is highly desirable that this kind of human resource must be retained in farming by creating rural and urban avenues favorable for agriculture growth and development. The present paper highlights the opinion in three major headings namely untapped youth potentials, current situation of farming and youth in India and future of farming and youth in India.

The relevance of the outlined problem is determined by modern innovative transformations in the field of education. The article presents theoretical and research aspects of the problem of development and improvement of personal and professional spheres in the teacher's pedagogical activity. The role of the teacher's personal sphere is substantiated, pedagogical orientation in particular, socially and professionally the most significant personality traits are singled out, namely: social responsibility, love for the child, love for one's profession, humanism, benevolence, sociability; corresponding professional qualities include: theoretical and methodical training by profession, psychological-pedagogical and theoretical-practical preparation, development of pedagogical skills. An important role in the self-improvement of a teacher is played by such a cognitive component as knowledge that forms the foundation of continuous self-development and professional and pedagogical education. The philosophy of anthropocentrism as a new quality of innovative thinking of a person, which surpasses the established standards of mind frame of past eras, appears as the methodological basis of knowledge about a person. An activity component has been identified, which includes pedagogical skills and mastery of the methods and techniques of teaching and upbringing, based on the conscious use of psychological-pedagogical and methodical knowledge. The active component includes such components as gnostic, projective, constructive, communicative, organizational. The research aspect involves conducting a pedagogical experiment to identify, in particular, the dynamics of the formation of the components of the activity component in the process of training future teachers in higher education institutions. As a result of the experiment, through the introduction of the appropriate model and technology, there were changes in the levels of formation of professional skills in educational work according to students' self-assessment. The graduates' orientation towards further professional self-improvement and self-development is also traced. All this testifies to the students' readiness for future independent work to improve their personal and professional qualities, knowledge, and skills. A comparative analysis of the data obtained at the beginning and after the completion of the formative experiment made it possible to identify positive changes in the levels of productivity of students' training to improve the personal and professional spheres of students in the experimental and control groups. Thus, the analysis of scientific literature and the conducted experiment testify to the effectiveness of the developed model and technology in improving personal and professional spheres in the pedagogical activity of an elementary school teacher. Several problems have been identified that require further research by taking into account the current situation in Ukrainian society: the pandemic and martial law.

Renewable energy sources play a key role in decarbonizing the economy of the European Union (EU) and the world. The aim of this research is to present the development of the renewable energy sources (RES) sector in the European Union (EU), with particular emphasis on sustainable development. The EU guidelines, requirements, and directives were analyzed in order to meet the provisions of the energy policy to ensure energy and climate security. The potential of the RES was studied in the EU countries, and the possibility of its use in cogeneration with the use of local renewable resources. The results are presented in tabular, graphic, and descriptive forms. The results are presented based on the extensive literature on the subject and data from Eurostat. The data covered 2004–2019. We used different methods to evaluate the changes in the RES in the EU countries. First, we compiled descriptive statistics; second, we used the Augmented Dickey–Fuller test (ADF test); and, finally, we used the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity model (GARCH model). Our analysis found that the EU increased the share of RES. The biggest share of energy from renewable energy sources was found in 2019 in Iceland (78%), Norway (74%), and Sweden (56%). The biggest increase in the share of RES in 2004–19 was found in Malta (8322%), Great Britain (1126%), and Luxemburg (784%). The results demonstrate the development of RES in the EU countries. However, not all countries achieved the planned goal in 2019.