Hochschule Osnabrück

This study examined everyday exposure to fitspiration, thinspiration, body positivity, and body neutrality content on image-based social media and its associations with body image, mood, self-esteem, and disordered eating behavior using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) in women with and without eating disorders. Women with self-reported anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa (n = 62) and women without eating disorders (n = 81) reported their social media use, mood, body image, self-esteem, appearance comparisons, and disordered eating behavior via a smartphone app for 7 days. Viewing fitspiration and thinspiration content was significantly associated with lower happiness, higher body dissatisfaction, and lower body appreciation, but not with daily-reported restrained eating. Only thinspiration content was significantly associated with higher sadness and lower self-esteem. Upward appearance comparisons mediated the associations of exposure to fitspiration and thinspiration content with all outcomes. Except for higher body appreciation after viewing body neutrality content, there were no main effects of body positivity and body neutrality. Compared to women without eating disorders, those with self-reported anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa showed a greater reduction in self-esteem after viewing thinspiration. The results highlight the possible detrimental effects of exposure to fitspiration and thinspiration content on mood, body image, and self-esteem in women with and without self-reported anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa alike, while only body neutrality content was related to higher body appreciation. Women with and without eating disorders should be educated about the possible negative influences of content purporting to improve one's appearance.

Background: Occupational contact allergy is common in the cleaning industry.Objective: To identify common occupational sensitizers and analyze time trends in type IV sensitization in female cleaners.Methods: Data of 860 female cleaners with occupational dermatitis (OD) patch tested in 58 centers within the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology from 2010 to 2022 were analyzed. The comparison group consisted of 966 female cleaners without OD. Statistical analyses included 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and the exact Cochran-Armitage trend test.Results: Among 860 female cleaners with OD, 729 (84.8%) had hand dermatitis. Most frequent final diagnoses were irritant contact dermatitis (32.8%) and allergic contact dermatitis (25.3%). Compared to female cleaners without OD, higher sensitization rates were found for rubber additives (thiuram mix [8.6%, 95% CI: 6.5-10.7], zinc diethyldithiocarbamate [2.0%, 95% CI: 0.9-3.1], mercapto mix [1.3%, 95% CI: 0.4-2.1]), formaldehyde (2.3%, 95% CI: 1.0-3.6), and hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde (HICC) (3.0%, 95% CI: 1.5-4.6). Glutaraldehyde sensitization showed a decreasing time trend over the study period and should be further monitored.Conclusions: Rubber additives, preservatives/disinfectants (aldehydes), and HICC are occupationally relevant sensitizers in female cleaners, underscoring the need for targeted prevention strategies and continuous monitoring to protect their health.

Even among people who agree on the existence and urgency of the climate crisis, different understandings of its causes and consequences prevail. Climate change can be understood primarily as a question of injustice, stressing its unequal effects on privileged and vulnerable individuals and groups, but it can also be conceptualized as a common fate, stressing the vulnerability of humanity as a whole. Across four studies (total N = 1,402), with activists and general population samples from Germany, Malaysia, and the United Kingdom, we investigated how these different understandings might affect participation in political activism against climate change. In line with our predictions, we consistently found that climate injustice appraisals (at the individual, group, and systemic level) positively predicted collective action intentions whereas common fate perceptions showed no or negative effects. We discuss the implications of our findings for researchers and climate movements, particularly the importance of centering climate (in)justice in mobilizing climate action and the potentially demobilizing effects of common fate narratives. • Climate change can be framed in different ways • One way is to center injustices in responsibility and vulnerability between individuals and groups • Another is to view it as a common fate shared by humanity as a whole • Injustice appraisals around climate change are linked to higher collective action intentions • Common fate perceptions of climate change are linked to lower collective action intentions

• Five key dimensions enable inclusion in Collaborative Metaverse environments: immersion, belonging, authenticity, emotions, self-efficacy. • Avatar design, room layout, and technology shape team members' sense of belonging in Collaborative Metaverse spaces. • Three Collaborative Metaverse design tensions yield nine actionable implications for avatar, room, and technology configurations. • Inclusive Collaborative Metaverse design increases engagement, team cohesion, and competitive advantage. Organizations face socio-technical challenges in developing an inclusive collaborative metaverse. Virtual rooms and avatar representations can unintentionally exclude users by reinforcing stereotypes, increasing cognitive load, or constraining participation, thereby undermining interaction quality, belonging, and authenticity as core components of perceived inclusion. Through qualitative analyses of 24 participants from eight VR teams, we identify five dimensions for inclusion: immersion, belonging, authenticity, emotions, and self-efficacy, and link them to three design perspectives: avatar representation, room design, and collaboration technology. This uncovers three socio-technical tension patterns: anonymity vs. authenticity, clarity vs. immersion, accessibility vs. functionality. Building on these tensions, we derive implications for design that are grounded in theories of social presence and belonging and translate into actionable design heuristics for Collaborative Metaverse systems. Our tension-based framework drives research on inclusion in the Collaborative Metaverse. Strategically, it offers organizations concrete guidance on how to configure the Collaborative Metaverse to support inclusive participation and avoid design decisions that inadvertently exclude parts of the workforce.

Purpose Online social media platforms offer valuable, low-cost marketing tools for acquiring, retaining and growing customers for micro and small enterprises (MSEs). However, MSEs have been slow to adopt social media marketing as part of their traditional marketing strategy. The purpose of this study is (1) to examine the process of social media marketing adoption by MSEs in an emerging market using the Technology-Organization-Environment framework and (2) to investigate the impact of social media marketing adoption on MSEs' marketing outcomes and overall firm performance. Design/methodology/approach Data for the study (n = 1,472) were collected directly from a registered list of MSEs operating in the country. Structural equation modeling was used to test all relationships identified in the conceptual model. Findings Our findings indicate that MSEs' perceptions of technological, organizational and environmental factors positively influence their adoption and use of social media marketing. Moreover, the adoption of social media marketing by MSEs significantly enhances overall firm performance, including total sales volume, profits, market share and return on investment by improving marketing outcomes such as customer service quality, perceived product value, customer retention and the ability to attract new customers. Originality/value This study contributes to the evolving research streams on MSEs' adoption of social media marketing and the role of relationship marketing practices on market and financial performance. By integrating these two research streams, it provides insights into how MSEs can enhance relationship marketing and firm performance by leveraging technological, organizational and micro-environmental (market) factors, consistent with resource-based view theory. Managerial implications and directions for future research are discussed.

ABSTRACT Sensitized triplet‐triplet annihilation upconversion (sTTA‐UC) is an emerging strategy for driving photoredox catalysis using low‐energy red or near‐infrared (NIR) light. However, its application in aqueous environment is often hindered by the poor solubility of requisite chromophores. Here, we address this challenge with water‐stable sTTA‐UC nanoparticles that encapsulate a hydrophobic red‐to‐blue upconversion pair within 100 nm‐sized polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibit high colloidal stability in water without chromophore leakage and sufficient photostability for photocatalysis. They serve as highly active heterogeneous photoredox catalysts, successfully mediating the aqueous polymerization of various acrylate monomers under red light irradiation to form free‐standing polymer gels with high conversion yields. This work establishes our photorobust and water‐stable sTTA‐UC nanoparticles as effective heterogeneous photocatalysts for polymer synthesis with red light, offering a versatile and attractive platform for chemical transformations in aqueous environment.

Die Einbindung von Freier Software in die betriebliche Leistungserstellung ist mit Chancen, Herausforderungen und Spannungsfeldern verbunden. Die Monetarisierung Freier Software weist spezifische Merkmale auf, welche zur erfolgreichen Konzipierung zu beachten sind. Am Beispiel des Konferenz- und Veranstaltungssystems OpenSlides der Intevation GmbH werden die Monetarisierungskonzepte drei tertiärer Wettbewerber auf Basis des Modells von Commercial Open Source Software analysiert, um ein personalisiertes Konzept für OpenSlides als Grundlage zur Preisermittlung zu schaffen. Dieses Konzept zur Preisermittlung berücksichtigt die typischerweise nicht direkt anzurechnenden Kosten der Entwicklung von Freier Software mittels einer iterativ gestalteten Entscheidungsmatrix. Das Konzept wird in einer theoretischen Testumgebung durchlaufen, um die Eignung zur Umsetzung in die Praxis zu validieren. Die Ergebnisse werden kritisch bewertet und kontextualisiert.

• Organic enrichment material (EM) improves animal welfare in pig farming. • Validation of Passive Infrared Detectors and tri-axial accelerometers to measure interaction with EM in fattening pigs. • The influence of different material types on pigs’ interaction with EM. • Passive Infrared Detectors achieved a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 80.5%. • The x-, y-, and z-axes of the accelerometer showed varying values, with specificity ranging from 64.5% to 74.9% and sensitivity ranging from 52.7% to 69.7%. Monitoring pig interactions with enrichment materials (EM) is essential for assessing animal welfare, yet automated detection remains underdeveloped. This study aimed to validate Passive Infrared Detectors and tri-axial accelerometers to monitor such interactions and compare activity levels when different organic materials were provided. Both sensor types were attached to a material dispenser. Animal behavior was documented via video recording and analyzed using scan sampling. Interactions with EM were recorded over a 12-week fattening period in a control group with chopped straw and a treatment group exposed to weekly changes in material (chopped straw, straw pellets, chopped hay, hay pellets). Sensor performance parameters such as sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy were calculated. Activity levels were compared between the control and treatment group, and the influence of different material types on pig activity was analyzed. Passive Infrared Detectors showed strong correlations with video analysis ( r = 0.59 - 0.70; P < 0.001) throughout all fattening phases and achieved 80.6% sensitivity and 80.5% specificity. Accelerometers showed lower accuracy and variable sensor performance parameters across different axes. In the starter and grower phases, pigs in the treatment group were more active than those in the control group, with overall activity decreasing toward the end of the fattening period. Within the treatment group, the highest activity was observed with straw pellets and the lowest with chopped hay. This study demonstrated that Passive Infrared Detectors had the potential to detect interaction with enrichment material and should be further developed for practical use in pig farming.

Sustainable, flexible electronics are promising for soft robotics, wearable devices, and e-skin, but soft substrates and sensors are vulnerable to damage. Incorporating self-healing functionality provides a promising strategy to overcome this limitation, enhancing durability and extending the operational lifetime. In this study, a hybrid filler based on carbon black and zinc oxide endows flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blend with humidity sensing capabilities. Due to the thermoplastic nature of the TPU-EVA blend, namely the weakening of intramolecular forces above a critical softening temperature, recovering the mechanical properties upon structural damage is possible at 110 °C. In addition, the thermoplastic nature of the TPU-EVA blend allows shaping by thermoplastic processing techniques, like extrusion, injection molding and material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEX-AM). For the TPU-EVA blend 68 % recovery of the ultimate strength was achieved after self-healing at 110 °C. Nonetheless, for the sensing properties an 83 % recovery was achieved after the healing process. Finally, the self-healing capability of 3D printed TPU-EVA stips with embedded hybrid filler humidity sensors was investigated. It was exhibited fusing strips of the self-healing substrate with the integrated sensing elements preserved their electrical conductivity after fusing. This new type of flexible environmental sensor combines mechano- and hygroreception abilities and compatibility with thermoplastic processing, like MEX-AM. • Hybrid carbon black–ZnO filler enables humidity sensing in TPU–EVA blends. • TPU–EVA substrate shows self-healing with 68 % recovery of mechanical strength. • Humidity sensing performance recovers up to 83 % after healing above 100 °C. • Blend is compatible with thermoplastic shaping, including 3D printing (MEX-AM).

As exposure to fitspiration images can lead to body dissatisfaction, it is important to understand which factors contribute to this effect. Therefore, this online experiment examined possible predictors of state body dissatisfaction following fitspiration exposure. In total, n = 131 women with and without self-reported eating disorder (ED) symptoms answered questionnaires on upward comparison, ED pathology, and drive for muscularity. Participants were then presented with 30 Instagram posts reflecting the fitspiration trend. Before and after fitspiration exposure, state body dissatisfaction was assessed. Results of a hierarchical regression analysis showed that when controlling for state body dissatisfaction before fitspiration exposure as well as participants’ age, upward comparison was the only significant predictor of state body dissatisfaction after fitspiration exposure. ED pathology and drive for muscularity did not predict an increase in state body dissatisfaction. Therefore, prevention programs that aim to mitigate harmful effects of fitspiration should focus on reducing upward comparison in women.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-29830-5.