Independent University of Moscow

This paper is a continuation of a series of works, devoted to various aspects of the 1908 Tunguska event. In 1935 a remarkable event took place in Guyana (at that time British Guiana). A meteor was seen and a large area of devastated forest was discovered. The main source for information on this event was an article published in an astronomical magazine in 1939. The 1939-article provided 2 possible explanations for this event. The first one is that these destructions were caused by the meteor, the second one is that the destructions were caused by a tornado. The 1939- article says that this event may be equal to or superior to the great Siberian meteor of 1908 (i.e. the 1908 Tunguska event). According to the author of the present paper, from the analysis of the available data, it follows that it is extremely unlikely that the devastation of the forest was caused by the infall of a spacebody. There is a hint of a role of a meteorological factor in the 1935 Guyana event. The paper also briefly examines a remarkable natural event that took place in Brazil in 1930, which in some publications is compared to the 1908 Tunguska event. There is too little data on this event to draw a more or less reliable conclusion. Nevertheless, the available data casts doubt on the assumption that this phenomenon was caused by infalls of spacebodies. Some comparison of the 1935 Guyana event with the 1908 Tunguska event has been made.

We show that a completely non-degenerate $B$-group is uniquely determined by its factor: two such groups with conformally equivalent factors are Möbius conjugate. A similar property is inherent to the quasi-Fuchsian groups but not to degenerate $B$-groups. We also study the factor of a $B$-group as a triple: the main factor, the marked characteristic complex, and a homotopy class of maps of the first to the second one.

The distribution of prime numbers has long been a central topic in analytic number theory. The Prime Number Theorem (PNT), which states that a number of primes less than x is \( x/log(x) \), provides a foundational understanding of this phenomenon. The further study of deep insights has led to the Riemann Hypothesis (RH), which implies explicit bounds on the error term in the PNT, thus enhancing the precision of the results derived from it. In this work, an algorithm is proposed for the estimation of the prime-counting function by counting the number of composite numbers eliminated during the sieving of the odd-number sequence. By applying this approach, it was found that variations in the length of the odd-number sequence during removal of composite numbers follow an oscillation pattern governed by the sinc function. Further analysis of such oscillations suggests that the function \( π(x) \) is composed of two terms: the main term, which makes the largest contribution to the distribution of the primes, and the error term, which is responsible for the accumulation of errors during the calculation of the \( \text{sinc} \) function values up to the limit \( m \), defined as \( √x /2 \). This leads to the proposal that the bound coefficient of the error term should be equal to \( √x/log x \), which is correlated with an estimate of this coefficient derived under the assumption of the truth of the RH. We hope that this perspective stimulates future work toward formalizing this approach to uncover deeper connections to the zeta function and prime number theory at large scale.

The paper is devoted to the task of ensuring strict requirements for latency and reliability of data delivery for uplink video traffic generated by a remote vehicle control application in 5G Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks. A distinctive feature of this type of traffic is that the size of video frames is variable, so we propose using a hybrid radio resource allocation scheme. According to this scheme, each user is assigned a dedicated subchannel, as well as a subchannel common to all users, which is used when the resources of the dedicated subchannel are insufficient to transmit a packet. We develop an analytical model that allows us to estimate the probability of packet loss for each user when using a hybrid resource allocation scheme. We show how to select optimal parameters for the hybrid scheme by using the developed analytical model.

Abstract Wi-Fi standardization continues: IEEE 802.11bn (Wi-Fi 8) reached Draft 1.0 in August 2025 and is progressing through comment resolution. The wireless industry now stands at a pivotal crossroads as it begins to define Wi-Fi 9. This paper analyzes technical directions and candidate features for the post-802.11bn amendment, tentatively referred to as Wi-Fi 9. We synthesize contributions from device manufacturers, network operators, and research institutions presented to the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Next Generation Standing Committee in early 2026. The emerging consensus indicates that, rather than increasing the nominal data rates, the next generation will likely prioritize deterministic performance, reliability, and expanded application domains. The paper examines the market forces driving this transition, including AI workloads that invert traditional traffic asymmetry, industrial robotics that demand sub-millisecond latency, and immersive entertainment that requires the simultaneous satisfaction of throughput, latency, and reliability constraints. Then the paper analyzes candidate technologies spanning PHY and MAC layer transformations, coordination between multiple networks, and AI integration throughout the protocol stack. Implementation challenges, including backward compatibility tradeoffs and spectrum availability, are discussed. Finally, the paper outlines the anticipated standardization timeline targeting commercial deployment of Wi-Fi 9 in the 2030s.

Recrystallization of pazufloxacinium mesylate from HCl solutions yielded two previously unknown salts of pazufloxacin. These were characterized by X-ray diffraction and are bis(oxidanium) pentakis[(2S)-6-(1-azaniumylcyclopropyl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid] heptachloride decahydrate, 2H3O+·5C16H16FN2O4+·7Cl-·10H2O (1), and (2S)-6-(1-azaniumylcyclopropyl)-7-fluoro-2-methyl-10-oxo-4-oxa-1-azatricyclo[7.3.1.05,13]trideca-5(13),6,8,11-tetraene-11-carboxylic acid chloride ethanol hemisolvate 1.75-hydrate, C16H16FN2O4+·Cl-·0.5C2H6O·1.75H2O (2), which were obtained from acetonitrile and ethanol, respectively. The compounds crystallize in the noncentrosymmetric triclinic space group P1. Salt 1 contains five independent cations and seven chloride anions, while compound 2 contains eight independent cations and anions. In both, an intramolecular COOH...O=C hydrogen bond is present and the amino group is protonated. The cations, anions and solvent molecules form extensive hydrogen-bonded frameworks. In addition, in both structures, the cations are packed into infinite stacks via π-π interactions, with interplanar distances of approximately 3.2 Å.

We present a retrieval-first reasoning-agent architecture for automating offensive cybersecurity tasks in the Capture The Flag (CTF) format. Our core hypothesis is that domain-specific contextual retrieval can stabilize large language model (LLM) reasoning under adversarial, multi-step challenges. To test this, we construct a bespoke retrieval corpus from scratch—excluding benchmark leakage—covering key CTF domains such as binary exploitation, reverse engineering, cryptography, and web vulnerabilities. Using FAISS indexing and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), our agent integrates this corpus with GPT-4o via a lightweight, tool-agnostic pipeline. Evaluated on NYU CTF benchmark [2], the RAG-enhanced agent achieves a 57.1% improvement in task completion over the vanilla GPT-4o baseline. Unlike prior work, which often depends on fragile tool orchestration, we demonstrate that focused retrieval alone significantly improves reasoning stability, reduces hallucinations, and enhances task-solving accuracy. Our threat model also considers prompt injection and contextual ambiguity, underlining the need for interpretable, corpus-grounded architectures in offensive reasoning.

Using molecular dynamics simulations, we explore the impact of correlated monomer activity and star topology on the structure and dynamics of active polymers. Unlike uncorrelated active Brownian particle (ABP) stars, correlated activity induces a rather steep stretching of the star polymer at intermediate activity levels. This stretching is characterized by transitions between distinct, metastable states defined by the coordinated movement of the arms, leading to novel collective dynamics. The behavior is consistent with experimental observations of active oligomers, highlighting the critical role of activity correlations for the understanding and modeling of active polymers.

Based on the modern idea that a photon is a stable, indivisible particle, it is necessary to abandon the generally accepted idea that in the elementary act of Raman scattering of light, a photon splits into two particles. Such a rejection and the transition to a four-photon scheme of the elementary act with the participation of an axion make it possible to preserve the integrity of the photons involved in the elementary act of Raman scattering. The laser beam interacts with vibrations of atoms in molecules, with electrons in atoms, and with phonons or other excitations in the medium under study, as a result of which frequency components appear in the radiation spectrum at the output of the medium under study, shifted relative to the laser frequency toward high or low values. Raman scattering of light is the inelastic scattering of optical radiation in the medium under study, accompanied by a noticeable change in the frequency of radiation. Unlike Rayleigh scattering, which occurs when the refractive indices of the medium and the pumping radiation coincide in phase, in Raman scattering, spectral lines appear in the spectrum of scattered radiation that are not present in the spectrum of primary (exciting) light. Raman scattering of light can be observed in various media: liquids, semiconductors, and gases. It is noteworthy that with the advent of lasers, spontaneous Raman scattering has been supplemented by forced scattering, which allows for a clear result. Using the example of laser radiation scattering in a cell with atomic potassium vapor, it is shown that axions participate in the process of Raman scattering of light. Received: 26 November 2024 | Revised: 29 July 2025 | Accepted: 28 August 2025 Conflicts of Interest The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are openly available at https://journalofscience.org/index.php/GJSFR/article/view/102768, reference number [5]. Author Contribution Statement Valeriy Evgenievich Ogluzdin: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.