Indo Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy

Abstract: This paper explores the synergistic potential of cannabinoids and nutraceuticals in modern therapeutic applications. Nutraceuticals, a term coined to highlight the fusion of nutrition and pharmaceuticals, include various supplements and functional foods that offer health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Cannabinoids, derived from Cannabis sativa, interact with the body's endocannabinoid system (ECS) to regulate key physiological processes, such as inflammation and pain management. The therapeutic benefits of cannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), have shown promise in managing conditions like chronic pain, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review emphasizes the role of nutraceuticals in enhancing cannabinoid efficacy by improving bioavailability and providing complementary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The combined use of nutraceuticals like omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, and piperine with cannabinoids has been shown to enhance therapeutic outcomes, including neuroprotection, pain relief, and inflammation control. Moreover, the study addresses the challenges of bioavailability and the regulatory landscape of these compounds, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their clinical applications. Integrating cannabinoids and nutraceuticals into personalized medicine and modern pharmacotherapy offers a pathway to more effective, safer treatments, positioning these compounds as valuable tools in managing chronic and complex conditions.

Psoriasis, a chronic inflammatory skin disease, presents a significant therapeutic challenge. Conventional treatments often exhibit limited efficacy and adverse effects. This chapter examines the potential of metallic nanoparticles as a promising approach for managing psoriasis. By harnessing the unique properties of these nanoparticle-based pharmacotherapies, researchers have developed innovative drug delivery systems and therapeutic strategies. These nanoparticles offer advantages such as enhanced drug bioavailability, targeted delivery, and sustained release, leading to improved clinical outcomes. This chapter discusses the current state-of-the-art in metallic nanoparticle-based therapies for psoriasis, highlighting their mechanisms of action, potential benefits, and challenges. Furthermore, this chapter emphasizes the importance of addressing safety and toxicity concerns associated with metallic nanoparticles. While preclinical studies have demonstrated promising results, rigorous evaluation of their long-term effects and biocompatibility is crucial before widespread clinical application. Future research should focus on optimizing nanoparticle formulations, exploring combination therapies, and conducting well-designed clinical trials to establish the efficacy and safety of these nanomaterials in psoriasis management.

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive and lethal malignancies, with a dismal prognosis despite advancements in conventional treatment modalities. Gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach to combat pancreatic cancer by targeting the underlying genetic alterations and harnessing the power of the immune system. This review explores the current landscape of gene therapy strategies for pancreatic cancer, including gene replacement therapy, gene silencing, immunotherapy enhancement, and oncolytic virotherapy. Gene replacement therapy aims to restore the function of tumor suppressor genes, such as TP53, while gene silencing targets oncogenes like KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) to inhibit tumor growth. Immunotherapy enhancement, particularly through chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, has shown potential in overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic viruses, engineered to replicate in and destroy cancer cells selectively, have demonstrated efficacy in preclinical models and are being evaluated in clinical trials. Recent advances, including the successful treatment of a patient with advanced pancreatic cancer using neoantigen T-cell receptor gene therapy, highlight the potential of personalized gene therapy approaches. However, challenges such as precise gene delivery, tumor heterogeneity, and ethical considerations must be addressed to realize the potential of gene therapy for pancreatic cancer fully. Ongoing research and clinical trials are expected to facilitate the way for the development of safe and effective gene therapies, offering hope for improved outcomes in pancreatic cancer.

ABSTRACT Pesticides are used to control, prevent, or eliminate pests that threaten crops, public health, and stored products. Malathion, an organophosphate pesticide, remains a priority contaminant across water, food, and soil, leading to environmental contamination and bioaccumulation in ecosystems. Their widespread and often indiscriminate use has raised significant concerns. This comprehensive review presents recent advances in the detection of Malathion using spectrometric, chromatographic, and biosensor techniques. Spectrometric methods deliver rapid screening with minimal sample preparation. Chromatographic workflows provide confirmatory quantification and separation, whereas immunoassays are required for pesticide residue quantification or screening. Electroanalytical sensors and advanced biosensors can be categorized into different types, such as non‐enzymatic, colorimetric, fluorescence‐based, including metallic organic framework (MOF‐based), aptamer‐based, and molecular imprinted polymer (MIP‐based), offering low‐cost, real‐time monitoring of samples. Future advancements in Malathion detection by integrating nanomaterials, microfluidics, and aptamer or antibody‐based recognition elements in biosensors, enabling faster, more selective, and ultra‐sensitive detection. The convergence of spectrometric, chromatographic, and biosensor technologies promises comprehensive tools for environmental monitoring, food safety, and health diagnostics in the upcoming years.