Institut Polytechnique Saint-Louis

TROPICANA (TROPIcal Cyclones in ANthropocene: physics, simulations & Attribution) was a one-month programme gathering 60 scientists at the Institut Pascal (University Paris-Saclay), where we reflected on how to advance knowledge on the impact of Climate Change on Tropical Cyclones, and how to produce information relevant for mitigation, future risk assessment and adaptation. I will present several collective outcomes from the programme, including two white papers on defining Tropical Cyclones seeds and defining CYCLOPS (surface flux-driven cyclones outside the tropics), two reviews on African Easterly Waves and Tropical Cyclones features driving impacts, as well as a new Tropical Cyclones attribution methodology.

Huracán (HUrricane Risk Amplification & Changing north Atlantic Natural disasters) is a UK–US partnership to deliver a new, physical understanding of tropical cyclone risk across the British Isles, Western Europe, and the Northeast US in a changing climate. In this talk, I will present some of the preliminary results from the project. I will present our strategy to improve the Cyclone Phase Space in order to better distinguish tropical cyclones from warm seclusion cyclones, a new dataset merging observations and reanalyses together in order to create a catalogue of past Cyclones of Tropical Origin reaching Europe, as well as a few case studies including wind, precipitation and storm surge impacts.

In the ICARUS project, European partners collaborate to develop and scale innovative technologies for recovering and refining secondary raw materials from silicon photovoltaic (PV) manufacturing. The production of photovoltaic modules generates significant quantities of waste, particularly silicon kerf, graphite, and silica residues from ingot and wafer manufacturing. ICARUS aims to transform these waste streams into high‐value secondary materials suitable for reintegration into the PV value chain and other industrial applications. Four industrial pilot‐scale processes are developed, targeting the purification and reuse of these materials. Results from the pilots demonstrate both the technical feasibility and economic potential of substituting these recovered materials for virgin and critical raw materials. This work provides a viable pathway toward a more resource‐efficient and circular PV manufacturing industry.

Aerosol coagulation is a significant process regarding the dynamics of aerosols in the atmosphere. This process leads to an evolution of the size distribution of aerosols over time induced by particle collisions, and is described by Smoluchowski equation [1].Accurate numerical simulations of this process are computationally demanding by typical discretization methods [2]. We investigate the effectiveness of the reduced basis method [3] to provide accurate but less demanding simulations, by constructing a reduced order subspace included within the reference high-dimensional space used to provide high fidelity simulations.We also provide residual-based a posteriori error estimates [4] which enable certification of results up to a given error tolerance. We obtain efficient online model and error estimates as their online computational cost only scale with the reduced dimension, and not the dimension of the high-fidelity model.By careful design of reduced subspaces we ensure that some properties of the high fidelity operator, such as mass conservation [5], are also preserved by reduced order models.[1] M. V. Smoluchowski. Drei vortage uber diffusion, brownsche bewegung und koagulation von kolloidteilchen. Physik, 17, 557–585, 1916[2] E. Debry, and B. Sportisse. Solving aerosol coagulation with size-binning methods. Applied Numerical Mathematics, 57(9), 1008–1020, 2007[3] A. Quarteroni, et al. Reduced Basis Methods for Partial Differential Equations. Springer Cham. 2015[4] M. Grepl, and A. Patera, A Posteriori Error Bounds for Reduced-Basis Approximations of Parametrized Parabolic Partial Differential EquationsESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis, 39(1), 157-181, 2005[5] F. Filbet, and P. Laurençot. Mass-conserving solutions and non-conservative approximation to the Smoluchowski coagulation equation. Archiv der Mathematik, 83(6), 558-567, 2004

ABSTRACTThe rapid growth of population and agricultural and industrial activities has caused an increase in demand on the Jeffara aquifers of Gabes (southeast Tunisia). In fact, the over-pumping of this aquifer system has resulted in water-level declines ranging from 0.25 to 1 m/year during the past three decades. The aim of this study is to identify favourable artificial recharge sites of this aquifer system based on the combined use of remotely sensed data, a geographic information system (GIS), the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) product and a multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) technique. The delineation of artificial recharge zones shows high to moderate potential for groundwater recharge (40%) in the Gabes region, with high precision of good potential proposed sites. Recharge processes need to account for natural conditions and ecosystems.

Abstract : Many algorithms using nonlinear control ideas have been applied to the induction motor control problem to allow the user to control the torque, speed, or position response of a closed loop servo quite precisely. For many applications, the incremental improvement in transient torque, speed, or position response does not justify the additional computational requirements or a complicated tuning and commissioning process. A better solution would be to improve the utility of existing algorithms that may normally exhibit lower performance, but that can be extended easily. One such extension involves the use of the DC link current as a control variable in various motor control algorithms. This work examined the use of such a variable as an enhancement for scalar and vector control algorithms for the induction motor and discussed the effects of such a control on the operation of an electric vehicle.