Institut Royal de Formation des Cadres de la Jeunesse et des Sports

Occupational stress in Morocco has become a concerning reality, steadily increasing due to its impact on workers’ psychological functioning, necessitating the use of adjustment strategies and defense mechanisms to cope. This clinical study explored the links between work-related stress factors, cognitive patterns, and psychoactive substances as an adjustment and defense strategy, as illustrated in a clinical case. The study aims to identify the psychological mechanisms underlying addictive behaviors, focusing on modifying cognitive schemas related to psychoactive substance consumption and examining anticipatory, relieving, and permissive beliefs associated with addiction. An in-depth clinical study was conducted on a Moroccan employee suffering from both work-related stress and cannabis addiction. The study employed Beck’s cognitive model for analysis and used clinical interviews, clinical observations, and evaluation scales. The analysis reveals that work-related stress factors can lead to excessive and dependent consumption of psychoactive substances, highlighting the crucial role of cognitive schemas in addiction. Anticipatory beliefs reinforce addictive behavior by creating expectations of well-being. Relieving beliefs trigger an urgent need for substance use, while permissive beliefs dismiss the consequences, strengthening the persistence of addictive behavior despite associated risks. Occupational stress weakens the individual’s psychological resources, leading to resorting to substances as a defense, soothing, and avoidance strategy for psychological distress in the form of self-medication.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33570.].

A retrospective investigation was carried out to examine the outcomes of NBS in Casablanca, Morocco. A total of 5511 newborn blood samples were collected via heel-prick sampling and tested for the above disorders. Most of the samples were collected within the third and sixth days of birth. The dried blood spots were analyzed via a quantitative immunofluorescence technique and isoelectric focusing. A total of 72 newborns had one of the six pathological conditions. The most prevalent disorders were hemoglobinopathies, which were identified in 47 newborns (0.9%), with 29 having HbC carrier status (0.5%), 15 having Hb S carrier status (0.3%), and 3 having an Hb Bart's carrier profile (0.05%). This was followed by G6PD deficiency, which was found to affect 16 newborns (0.32% of cases). CF was found in one case (0.02%), whereas five newborns (0.09%) tested positive for CAH. Additionally, two newborns (0.04%) tested positive for CH, and one newborn tested positive for PKU (0.02%). Our findings underscore the importance and success of NBS programs in preventing morbidity and mortality and improving the quality of life of affected neonates. The significant gap in data and research on these disorders within the Moroccan population highlights the urgent need to integrate NBS into routine practice in diagnostic laboratories across Morocco. This integration is crucial for enhancing the health and well-being of Moroccan newborns.

This article aims to shed light on an innovative, more creative, transparent and egalitarian way of financing, which is gradually having taking in place around the world. The purpose of this article is to review the definitions of crowdfunding, its origins, its principles and its possible financing methods. Also, to discuss the opportunities, the risks and the limits of this method of financing for the associations by relying on the experience and the inventory of the practice in France and in the United States of America but also in few countries in MENA\'s Middle East and North Africa region. This will undoubtedly enable us to adopt it and adapt it to our Moroccan context, particularly in the associative sector. Moroccan civil society associations, which find difficulty to access funding, could benefit from this new mode of dealing with the public and private financing crisis. It will also allow them to rethink about their ways of financing themselves and how to raise the funds needed to carry out their programs and actions. However, the absence of a legal framework in Morocco governing this method of financing, even if a draft law has been prepared and submitted to the competent authority, constitutes a real obstacle to the expansion and the use of this type of financing in the associative sector. Therefore, additional efforts are to be supplied and a real political and voluntarist will of public authorities is to set up, to create a legal framework for \"Crowdfunding\", as well as in its institutionalization and his evolution on the legislative plan. A benchmark for sharing international experiences and best practices on Crowdfunding, as well as, additional academic researchs are necessary to better understanding this issue and to examine aspects of the opportunity and risk recognition process in the associative sector. The originality and value of this article, consists on the fact that it provides us with a concrete, reliable, transparent and egalitarian way of thinking, based on the recognition? creativity of opportunity that could revolutionize the methods of financing Moroccan associations in civil society.