Institute for Sustainable Development of Settlements

Agriculture is the city-forming branch of the agro-industrial complex, the share of which in recent years in the gross domestic product annually amounts to about 5%. Despite the positive dynamics of the development of the last decade, quite a lot of unresolved problems have accumulated in the agricultural complex. One of them is the disparity of prices, which consists in a faster growth of price indices for industrial goods and services used in agricultural production in comparison with the growth of price indices for agricultural raw materials and products. This hinders the development of agricultural production in solving the problem of ensuring food security and import substitution, has an impact on the level of profitability and competitiveness of rural producers. The conducted research made it possible to establish price imbalances between the economic entities of the agro-industrial complex and the need to improve the pricing system based on taking into account the real contribution of all participants.

The authors consider the system of legal regulation and implementation of project management and digital transformation of economic interaction of organizations in the agricultural sector. On the basis of previously obtained studies aimed at studying the current regulatory framework and identifying the influence of legal norms on the economic relations of the agro-industrial complex organization, the authors highlighted modern problems of legal support for the economic interaction of agro-industrial complex organizations in the context of the design-digital approach. The authors also formulated practical proposals aimed at overcoming these problems and improving the institutional environment for the implementation of the design-digital approach. These proposals were discussed and tested within the framework of a number of scientific and practical conferences and practical seminars of heads and specialists of agro-industrial complex organizations.

Mathematical modeling of engineering materials is important issue in design of structures. Model itself should satisfy two conditions: first to explain in the best way mechanical behavior of material and second to be as simple as possible for easy everyday application in engineering. In the present paper the Preisach model is applied to behaviour of clay as an elasto-plastic material under direct shear test. The clay sample was taken by exploratory drilling on the territory of imanovci from a depth of 9.1 m to 9.3 m. First, an experimental examination of a clay sample was performed in order to classify and determine the resistance-deformable characteristics. The clay is classified as CH-clay of high plasticity. The sample was then subjected to direct shear test. All obtained results clearly show advantages of the Preisach model for describing behavior of elastoplastic material. This analytical model allows an accurate computation of all points on the result curve from the direct shear test.

By means of a meta-analysis, this article sets out to estimate average values for the income and price elasticities of gasoline demand and to analyse the reasons for the variations in the elasticities reported by the literature. The findings show that there is publication bias, that the volatility of elasticity estimates is not due to sampling errors alone, and that there are systematic factors explaining these differences. The income and price elasticities of gasoline demand differ between the short and long run and by region, and the estimation can appropriately include the vehicle fleet and the prices of substitute goods, the data types and the estimation methods used. The presence of a low price elasticity suggests that a fuel tax will be inadequate to control rising consumption in a context of rapid economic growth.

RÉSUMÉ**: Le secteur à but non lucratif constitue un secteur non néligeable de notre écommie qui reste cependant sous exploré tant sur leplan empirique que théorique. De récents travaux anglo‐Saxons et français permettent de mieux cerner cette réalité. Le programme de recherche du secteur à but non lucratif traite deux types de problématiques: la problématique de l‘origine (pourquoi les organisations à but non lucratif existent elles?) et la problématique du comportement (en quoi se différencient‐elles d‘autres formes d‘organisations?). Une approche socio‐économique des organisations non lucratives est auancée à partir du problème de la coordination de l‘action. On peut en effet considérer que les institutions sont créées afin d‘aider les agents éonomiques à résoudre les problèmes rècurrents de coordination auxquels ils ont à faire face. Dam cette perspective l'organisatwn rwn lucrative peut être comprise comme un mécanisme de compromis permettant de gérer les tensions entre quatres logiques de coordination: les logiques marchande, domestique, solidaire et civique.