Institute of Nanostructured Materials

ABSTRACT CsPbBr 3 perovskite nanocrystals (Pe‐NCs) are promising solution‐processable emitters for light‐emitting devices due to their high brightness, color purity, and photoluminescence quantum yield. However, their integration into more advanced device architectures such as organic light‐emitting transistors (OLETs) remains limited by the lack of fully solution‐processable platforms that support uniform and compact Pe‐NCs emissive layers (EMLs). In this work, we report fully solution‐processed Pe‐NCs‐based LETs (Pe‐LETs) using CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals as the emitter. The realization of such a device is enabled by the development of a fully organic LET platform that incorporates: (i) a tailored bilayer gate dielectric of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and CyTOP, (ii) a solvent‐resistant p‐type polymer semiconductor, poly[2,5‐(2‐octyldodecyl)‐3,6‐diketopyrrolopyrrole‐alt‐5,5‐(2,5‐di(thien‐2yl)thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene)] (DPP‐DTT), and (iii) a nanocomposite EML of Pe‐NCs dispersed in a poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) and 1,3‐bis[2‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)1,3,4‐oxadiazo‐5‐yl]benzene (PVK:OXD‐7) matrix. Morphological and photophysical characterization, including confocal laser scanning microscopy, drives the optimization of solvent and processing conditions for uniform film formation. Benchmark device substructures are also used to fine‐tune the organic platform for effective EML integration. The resulting Pe‐LETs exhibit a narrow emission at 509 nm (full width at half maximum, FWHM = 19.2 nm), demonstrating excellent color purity suitable for displays and sensing. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.17 × 10 − 3 % is achieved, comparable to state‐of‐the‐art values for inorganic‐based LETs.

The vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of (R)-2-chloromethyl-oxirane and (R)-2-chloromethyl-thiirane have been recorded in a vast spectral region including mid-IR, CH-stretching fundamentals and bending-CC/CO(CS) overtone/combination regions in the mid-IR, and CH-stretching overtone/combination regions in the near infrared (NIR). The presence of sulfur is associated with intensification of the NIR-VCD spectra, similarly to what is monitored with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and optical rotatory dispersion (ORD). DFT calculations, dealing with anharmonicity at the GVPT2 level or based on the local mode approximation, permit to correctly predict the large majority of observed VCD and IR/NIR bands and to explain the role of various molecular moieties. Also, ORD data are better interpreted by including anharmonic vibrational contributions.

Multifunctional silk fibroin (SF) nanofibrous membranes incorporating cuttlefish ink (CI) and vitamin B2 (VitB2) were developed via water-based electrospinning as bioactive scaffolds for soft tissue regeneration and laser-assisted tissue welding. CI provided antioxidant and photothermal properties, while VitB2 promoted cellular proliferation. Membranes exhibited controlled VitB2 release and CI retention within the matrix. NIH-3T3 fibroblast assays confirmed high viability (>80% at 48 h), with CI promoting adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, and VitB2 enabling formation of a confluent, organized cell layer. Laser-assisted welding produced satisfactory adhesion and shear-stress resistance on the order of ten kPa in ex vivo tendons, corneas, and sclerae, while keeping tissue temperatures below the 60 °C threshold for thermal damage. These findings highlight CI- and VitB2-loaded SF membranes as sustainable, cytocompatible scaffolds with antioxidant and adhesive functionalities, offering a versatile platform for soft tissue repair via an adhesive-free approach.

This study focuses on microstructure, chemistry, and patina characterisation of eleven archaeological bronze artefacts from two contexts of the Middle Tiber Valley (Viterbo, Central Italy). The samples were unearthed in the cistern at Spoletino (1st -4th century AD) and in the late Roman-early Medieval necropolis of Castel Sozzio (5th-7th century AD). They were analysed using optical microscopy (OM), micro-Raman spectroscopy (µ-Raman), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and electrochemical investigations. OM explored corrosion products on the surfaces, highlighting mineralogical and structural heterogeneity of the patinas. SEM-EDS analysis showed the presence of binary (Cu-Sn) and ternary (Cu-Pb-Sn) alloys with minor and trace elements. The binary alloys were used for good hardness artefacts, and the ternary ones for those that required easy metal working. Selective enrichment and depletion of the alloying metals produced broad chemical variations and structural heterogeneity in the patinas. Micro-Raman spectroscopy revealed different corrosion products such as cuprite (Cu2O), lazurite (Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3)·H2O), malachite (CuCO3Cu(OH)2), and phosgenite (Pb2Cl2CO3). The presence of lazurite in two samples was linked to sulphur-rich burial environments, while phosgenite was linked to the interactions with Cl and a CO2-rich burial environment. Metallurgical practices, such as slow cooling rates and lead segregation during casting, promoted mineralogical and structural heterogeneity in the patinas due to interactions with the burial environment, where decomposition of organic matter occurred. Electrochemical data permitted the estimation of the corrosion rates for all artefacts at remarkably low levels (0–0.1 mm/year), reflecting stable burial conditions and the protective nature of the patinas. These results suggest that the burial environments in the Middle Tiber Valley were non-aggressive, facilitating the development of layered patinas influenced primarily by oxygen and carbon dioxide from humus-rich soils, with a lesser contribution from salts.

We herein investigate the effects of varying the main experimental variables in one of the most used protocols for extracellular vesicle (EV) immobilisation on substrates for subsequent atomic force microscopy (AFM) quantitative morphometry and nanoindentation performed in liquid. We introduce the parameter Q as a quantitative measure of total adsorbed material and show how it can be used as an estimator of relative sample concentrations across multiple AFM imaging experiments. We show how Q is logarithmically dependent on substrate charge density, whereas the EV contact angle (CA) surprisingly does not follow the same dependence. Finally, we propose an optimised protocol for AFM quantitative morphometry in air that yields the same EV size distributions obtained in liquid.

Effective decoupling between donors and the acceptor in V-shaped D–π–A–π–D molecules enables the excited-state landscape to be governed almost entirely by the intrinsic donor strength, which dictates fluorescence, TADF, and singlet-oxygen generation.

The cover image is based on the article CytroCell@Nafion: Enhanced Proton Exchange Membranes by Mario Pagliaro etal., https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500338.