Instituto Cultural Cravo Albin

Abstract The Bovine Respiratory Complex (BRC) significantly impacts morbidity and mortality in dairy calves between 1 and 3 months of age, called the immunological gap. The calves receive colostrum and milk immunoglobulins; however, these animals are still developing their specific immune system and cannot present a robust active humoral response. Vaccines against intranasal BRC are recommended for calves from the first week of age; although they do not prevent the disease, they can mitigate the condition. The yeast-based products have been studied as immunomodulators due to the ß-glucans interaction with the innate immune system. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of autolyzed Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast supplementation in the humoral response of newborn calves vaccinated against BRC. For this, 20 calves with no respiratory changes and who received colostrum at adequate immunoglobulin levels were vaccinated against BRC (Inforce 3, Zoets, Brazil) intranasal route in a single dose at 30 days of age. The animals were divided into the Control group (n = 10), and autolyzed yeast supplemented group [AY] (RumenYeast at 10 g/animal/day, ICC Brazil Company). The calves received the supplementation once a day in the milk from the 15th at 51st days of age. Blood samples were collected at 15, 33, 36, and 51 days to measure the serum IgG and IgA of the calves Serum IgA increased at 51 days in the AY group compared to the other moments (P=0.03) and both immunoglobulins of the AY group were greater than the control group at 51 days (P=0.08 and 0.007, respectively), as shown in Figure 1. In conclusion, the AY supplementation could potentially improve the vaccine response against BRC in calf-dependent on colostral immunity.

A partir da teoria lexical, identificamos e descrevemos alguns exercícios didáticos que focalizam a aquisição e ampliação do vocabulário em aulas de Língua Inglesa no contexto de instrução formal na disciplina de estágio supervisionado em Ensino de Língua Inglesa. Tais exercícios didáticos são utilizados por alunos-mestre na prática de estágio nas escolas-campo. A análise dos dados mostrou que o ensino do vocabulário nos dados analisados ocorre de forma isolada, sem considerar o contexto de leitura de textos autênticos. O estudo do vocabulário específico voltado para a compreensão leitora geralmente não ocorre.