Instituto Paulo Freire

Study DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of USG for detecting PLC injuries.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Studies evaluating USG images compared with MRI or intraoperative findings for PLC injuries were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were calculated using a bivariate model. Methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-C, and publication bias was evaluated via Deeks’ test.ResultsSix studies comprising 140 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of USG were 0.86 (95% CI: 0.73-0.93) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.81-0.99), respectively, with an AUC of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.93). Moderate heterogeneity was observed in specificity (I2 = 51.89%), and publication bias was detected (Deeks’ test, P < 0.001).ConclusionsUltrasonography shows good diagnostic performance for detecting thoracolumbar PLC, particularly involving the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments. However, its role in assessing deeper structures such as the ligamentum flavum and facet joint capsules remains inadequately validated. Therefore, USG should be considered a complementary tool, especially where MRI is unavailable or contraindicated, and further studies are required to broaden its clinical applicability.

Introduction: Rhinoplasty is a challenging surgery and provides balance, harmony, and symmetry to the face, so it should always be following the exact measurements and plan. Variations in techniques, measurements, and photographic studies have represented the surgeon's work tripod to optimize the aesthetic and functional results of nasal surgery. Furthermore, the creative template for rhinoplasty training will provide the young surgeons improve their practice and develop manual skills. Objectives: To demonstrate the rhinoplasty surgical sequence in a cadaveric animal (chicken) with an objective, systematic, and reproducible way for training the young surgeons. To establish grafts measurements in a clear, readable, and effective way. Casuistic and Method: This research is a prospective study for training the rhinoplasty technique in a cadaveric animal (chicken). The systematization of the surgical sequence in the animal model manufacture grafts for rhinoplasty in an objective way to simulate the nose. The breasts of cadaveric chickens coated with leather were selected and treated in the laboratory in São Paulo, Brazil. The models were photographed and filmed to record the stages of the grafts creation, such as spreader graft, columellar strut graft, shield graft, onlay graft, septal extension graft, alar batten graft, lateral strut graft, alar rim graft, free diced cartilage, combined graft, cap graft, and pump graft. The surgical materials are the same used in rhinoplasty, only in a small amount. Result: Surgical simulation model chicken sternal cartilage provides enough cartilage to practice rhinoplasty sculpting without involving live humans or human cadavers. The cartilage is abundant and properly to simulate the nose. The creative template is a clear, legible, and effective training of rhinoplasty grafts in an animal model. Conclusion: This article provides possibilities for training, creating grafts, and developing rhinoplasty techniques with the chicken breast cartilage. The creative template application shows an objective, clear, and systematic manner of learning without fear the beauty of the rhinoplasty art. This study is specially designed for young surgeons with a very low cost, artistry, and a reproducible way. No competing financial interests exist. No funding was received for this article. Runtime of video: 6 mins 44 secs

Objective: To assess the evidence available and knowledge gaps in photobiomodulation (PBM) for oral facial pain. Background data: Effective identification of a noninvasive resource for oral facial pain such as PBM may mitigate the risks of invasive therapeutic resources. Methods: Nine electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews reporting oral facial pain outcome for PBM. The 3iE (International Initiative for Impact Evaluation) evidence gap map methodology with the tableau was used to graphically display the parameters analyzed in the research. Results: Several wavelengths within the range of infrared were used in 37.6% of the studies, accompanied by the 32.4% in the red range. The quality of the effect was positive in 61.4% of the studies, whereas the impact degree was low, according to the measurement tool used to assess systematic reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), in 60.2%. Conclusions: Despite the positive potential of PBM in the treatment and control of pain in diseases of the oral cavity, complete information on dosimetry in published studies with PBM is still lacking, making it difficult to reproduce the results found.

O trabalho tem por objetivo investigar práticas de leitura na formação de professores. Na pesquisa documental, constatou-se o uso de uma diversidade de textos e materiais de leitura na formação.

Este estudo tem como característica principal apresentar uma experiência didático-pedagógico em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem no curso: “Mediadores Pedagógicos Digitais para EaD”, oferecido pelo Centro de Promoção para a Inclusão Digital, Escolar e Social (CPIDES) através da Pró-reitora de Extensão da Universidade Estadual Paulista (PROEX/Unesp). Partimos das concepções elaboradas por Paulo Freire como percussor da educação brasileira, desenvolvendo práticas de diálogo como para interação nas mais variadas formas de comunicação. Neste sentido, refletimos sobre o trabalho desenvolvido em plataformas digitais considerando os atos de construções de relações virtuais entre os professores que valorizam o reconhecimento dos saberes um dos outros. As ações foram realizadas entre os meses de dezembro a maio de 2019, quando na oportunidade foi realizado atividades na função de Tutora Virtual. Assim, pretende-se apresentar o trabalho desenvolvido neste curso, deixando explícito sua relevância para o uso das tecnologias digitais. Considerando, também a importância do papel do professor/tutor/formador, como estimulador de práticas de diálogo que valorizam a produção de conhecimentos educacionais. Vale salientar que a contribuição de Paulo Freire teve relevância neste trabalho por constituir indicadores significativos mediados pelo diálogo e a interação em Educação à Distância. Isto se deu pelo desenvolvimento do processo da mediação pedagógica no campo da educação atual, modelo que promoveu a comunicação assíncrona e contribuiu para estabelecer relações entre os sujeitos participantes desse modelo de ensino em contexto virtual.

Background: The efficacy of naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with a set of variables not directly related with the expression of opioid receptors. All the variables have been found to be highly associated with AUD itself or more severe clinical levels of AUD. Objectives: Given the high association between alcohol metabolizing enzymes (AME) and the outcome of AUD, the present study aims to investigate the role of AME genotype variants in the treatment of AUD with naltrexone. Methods: We carried out a 12-week longitudinal clinical trial based on the treatment of AUD patients with naltrexone (N = 101), stratified by different alcohol metabolization genotypes. Genotyping was performed after the inclusion of the patients in the study, based on the individual presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ADH (alcohol dehydrogenase)1B (ADH1B*2 and ADH1B*3), ADH1C (ADHC*1) and ALDH (aldehyde dehydrogenase) 2 (ALDH2*2) genes. The outcome of alcohol use has been monitored employing the timeline follow-back during the treatment. Results: The ADH1C*1 (Ile350Val, rs698) and ALDH2*2 (Glu504Lys, rs671) polymorphisms were associated with a better response to naltrexone treatment, whereas the ADH1B*3 (Arg370Cys, rs2066702) allelic variant showed a negative outcome. Conclusions: The present study explores a genomic setting for the treatment of AUD with naltrexone. According to our findings, the association between ADH1C*1 and ALDH2*2 variants and better outcomes suggests a successful treatment, whereas the ADH1B*3 mutated allele might lead to an unsuccessful treatment. Further studies should be performed to investigate the relationship between alcohol metabolizing genotypes, the family history of alcohol use disorders and the effect of naltrexone on the outcomes. Genotyping may be a valuable tool for precision-medicine and individualized approach, especially in the context of alcohol use disorders. The small number of subjects was the main limitation of the present study.

This paper intended to review the humanistic education concept of Paulo Freire according to Entrepreneurship Courses at Indonesian Higher Education. The method used is the content analysis. The paper summarized that Education must be carried out dialogically, not stifling creativity and creativity, because in essence students are not passive beings where the dialogue process itself is a process of awareness as the core of the process of humanization or humanity. In line with the concept of humanization Paulo Freire, the concept of humanization also underpins the entrepreneurship learning process in universities. Entrepreneurship learning is not just learning oriented to business and economics alone, but on exploring values / values of independence, honesty, innovative creative, so that entrepreneurial learning becomes an important learning that is applied in all study programs in higher education. The focus of this article is on entrepreneurship learning in private teacher training colleges which in the main profile print professional teacher candidates and an additional profile that is reliable entrepreneurship printing. Learning entrepreneurship in private teacher training colleges is still said to have not taught the value of humanism. There are several obstacles, among them are still focusing on theoretical with more dominant proportions compared to practice, exploring creative ideas are still dominated by ideas from lecturers so students tend to be passive and less creative, creative idea development programs are not maximally channeled so that it only stops at the completion of the course assignment obligations, the interest and motivation of students to become entrepreneurs has not yet fully arisen by students' self-awareness. Even though the creative ideas that have emerged from students should be continued as a forerunner to the emergence of startup-based young entrepreneurs. Freedom to create ideas and creative thoughts should be extended to students so that students are more motivated and motivated to become job creators than job seekers.&#x0D;

A referida reflexão problematiza a formação do professor de geografia, especialmente na necessidade de dotá-lo de um mais profundo conhecimento das práticas pedagógicas, mas também relacionando essa formação ao quanto a falta de conhecimento do objeto da ciência geográfica corrobora para que a mesma seja exposta a um grau maior de deficiência. Foi justamente a confirmação desse caráter difuso da ciência geográfica que desencadeou um dos objetivos da pesquisa, ou seja, identificar como a falta de clareza de um objeto pode influenciar, ou não, no devir geográfico do graduando da licenciatura. O que se viu na supervisão do PIBID (Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência), especialmente em seu estágio inicial, foram alunos de geografia que pouco, ou nada, conheciam das reflexões epistemológicas a respeito do espaço. Além disso, poucos dotados de conhecimentos teoricos a respeito das práticas pedagógicas necessárias ao ato educativo. Constata-se que persistem os muitos problemas da geografia em formar professores que geografize seus lugares, avalie seus espaços, caminhos fundamentais para que o educador real se liberte do estigma de uma ausência de ciência no seu fazer educativo, e, para o de geografia, também no seu fazer geográfico.