International College of Defence Studies

This study aims to examine how integrity values can be effectively integrated into the Civics Education (PPKn) curriculum to strengthen anti-corruption education among senior high school students in Indonesia. Using a qualitative library research method, this study systematically reviewed and synthesized recent literature, educational policy documents, and national curriculum frameworks published within the last five years. The findings reveal that although integrity values such as honesty, responsibility, and fairness are mentioned in curriculum standards, their actual implementation in teaching practices, assessment tools, and school culture remains fragmented and inconsistent. Teachers often lack specific training in anti-corruption pedagogy, and existing assessments tend to focus on cognitive knowledge rather than ethical reasoning or behavioral outcomes. This study introduces a novel approach by linking curriculum content, teaching strategies, assessments, and institutional support into a cohesive framework for embedding integrity education in PPKn lessons. Unlike previous studies that treat anti-corruption education as a separate module or focus only on elementary levels, this research focuses specifically on the high school context and subject-specific integration. The study concludes that a comprehensive integration strategy—including curriculum revision, teacher capacity building, ethical assessment tools, and supportive school leadership—is essential to transforming integrity values from abstract policy into lived student behavior. The findings offer theoretical and practical contributions that are relevant not only to Indonesia but also to other educational systems seeking to institutionalize anti-corruption education through civic learning.

• The risk factors for suicidal behaviours in military aligned with the social-ecological model. • Adverse military experiences were the most important factors associated with suicidality. • The most feasible factors for Defence to address were clustered as workplace culture. • Concept mapping is a novel approach in suicidology overcoming limitations of a Delphi study. There are increasing efforts to better understand suicidal behaviour among current and former military personnel in Australia. More research using innovative methodologies is needed to identify risk and protective factors that could be addressed within the military. To better understand perceived risk and protective factors associated with suicidal behaviour within the military context. Three groups of stakeholders were recruited: people with lived experience of suicide in a military context, military mental health clinicians, and researchers with expertise in suicide in a military context. Using concept mapping, participants individually generated risk and/or protective factors for suicidal behaviour in a military context, before organising and rating all statements. Data were collected, analysed, and visually represented using the GroupWisdom platform. In total, 57 stakeholders participated in at least one stage of the study (i.e., brainstorming, sorting and/or rating). Brainstorming generated 97 perceived risk-factors and 63 perceived protective factors, which were thematically grouped by participants. A multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis generated a 7-cluster solution for risk factors and a 5-cluster solution for protective factors. Most of the risk and protective factors rated highly both in terms of importance and feasibility for the military to address were from workplace-related clusters. The risk and protective factors for suicidal behaviours within a military context were identified on three social-ecological levels: workplace (community), relational, and individual. The results of this study may inform future suicide research and prevention activities targeted to military personnel.

Education is broadly acknowledged to be crucial for confronting and mitigating emergent global crises. Government-run strategic-level security and defence courses (SSDCs) are a key mechanism for achieving this, as they provide strategic thinking skills to hand-picked cohorts of security elites. However, scholarly research on SSDCs is both scarce and heavily skewed towards staff perspectives. This article mitigates and redresses deficiencies in scholarly and practitioner literature on the professional education of security elites. It achieves this by contrasting perspectives from existing literature with perspectives of students themselves, gained from an online survey of 753 alumni across thirty-four SSDCs, which asked: ‘What do you believe are the three most important requirements for a successful teaching and learning environment at the “senior defence college” level?’ It provides an empirical validation of the degree to which conclusions within practitioner-led SSDC scholarship and wider andragogical scholarship align with the educational preferences of security elites. The findings highlight the potential importance of high-quality human resources, contingent constructivist pedagogies, relevant content, a learning environment that encourages freedom of expression and diversity of perspective, suitable academic resources and support mechanisms, and appropriate motivational incentives.

Abstract This article analyzes Iraq's response to evolving US‐China relations, focusing on its foreign‐policy objectives of ending isolation, strengthening security, and fostering economic growth. Iraq seeks American support to attain these goals, aspiring to reintegrate into the international system and bolster its defense mechanisms. Simultaneously, Baghdad perceives China and its Belt and Road Initiative as instrumental to economic recovery. Despite these aspirations, Iraq encounters impediments that stem from its external environment and domestic politics. As a relatively feeble power, Iraq grapples with limited economic, political, and diplomatic influence, which constrains its ability to effectively respond to shifts in the Sino‐US rivalry. In addition, the country engages in incoherent foreign behavior due to consociationalism and the nonstate armed groups that operate outside of the state`s orbit. The analysis concludes that Iraq's responses to US‐China tensions are reactive, not proactive; circumstantial, not strategic. This article is part of a special issue on the responses of Gulf countries to rising Sino‐American competition, edited by Andrea Ghiselli, Anoushiravan Ehteshami, and Enrico Fardella.

The Bangladesh Institute of International and Strategic Studies (BIISS) is the nation's premier policy research institution dedicated to advancing knowledge in international relations and strategic security.

The concept of cognitive readiness is related to the mental preparation of military personnel with knowledge, skill, and abilities (KSAs) to perform in a military operation that requires military personnel to think and react. The purpose of this article is to highlight the issue and consideration concept of cognitive readiness for the Malaysian Army (MA). The MA realizes the challenges in ensuring military personnel at each level (strategic, operational, and tactical) are cognitively ready for military operations involving multi-domination operations. To address this issue and consideration, the MA has to provide a strategy related to implementing the science of training related to factors that influence the transfer of training and its effect on cognitive readiness. Moreover, future research in this area should focus on developing theoretical and conceptual frameworks of cognitive readiness, which can explore and analyze factors that contribute to enhancing military personnel readiness in the MA.

The pulse polarity of Gamma spectrometer detector must match that of digital multi-channel analyzer. But the pulse polarity of output signal from some energy spectrometer detectors is positive, and that of the others is negative. So the spectrum is not easy to be measured if the polarity of the detector is not same as that of the multi-channel analyzer. The nuclear pulse signal polarity must be inverted through a signal inverter. In this paper, a digital multi-channel analyzer design of pulse polarity self-adapting is put forward. The pulse polarity of the detector can be measured automatically and it will be self-adapted to a specific polarity as same as digital MCA by means of digital algorithms. Two methods of pulse polarity self-adaptive conversion of direct inversion and inversion based on trapezoidal shaping were put forward. After the self-adapting conversion, no matter what the pulse polarity is, the detector can be connected to the multi-channel analyzer directly, and the spectrum of the pulses output from the different polarity detector can be measured too.

This paper delves into the programming model of the ESP8266 and ESP32 platforms, examining their compatibility with diverse programming languages and development environments. It also investigates the potential exploitation of these SoCs in malicious cyberattacks using freely available software projects. To highlight the security risks, a proof of concept is presented, demonstrating how malicious features can be integrated into IoT systems based on these platforms. Furthermore, the paper provides a critical discussion on security enhancement decisions that can be employed when adopting IoT devices.By thoroughly exploring the programming models, compatibility, and security vulnerabilities of ESP8266 and ESP32, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the capabilities and limitations of these platforms in IoT development. The findings serve as a valuable resource for developers and stakeholders involved in IoT projects, informing them about the potential security challenges and aiding in the implementation of effective security measures to mitigate risks and ensure the secure deployment of IoT devices based on ESP8266 and ESP32 platforms.

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 L. Fishman, ‘The 1911 Haram al-Sharif Incident: Palestinian Notables Versus the Ottoman Administration’, Journal of Palestine Studies, Vol. 34, No. 3 (Spring 2005), pp.6–22; Stephen G. Rosenberg, ‘The Parker Mission and Hezekiah’s Tunnel’, Strata: Bulletin of the Anglo-Israeli Archaeological Society, Vol. 27 (2009), pp.79–87; In Search of the Temple Treasures: The Story of the Parker Expedition, 1909–11 (Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, 1996).2 See Saul Kelly, Captain Gill’s Walking Stick: The True Story of the Sinai Murders (Bloomsbury: London, 2019).