International Institute for Restorative Practices

Secondary osteoarthritis (OA) may develop in the setting of various diseases and injuries of the joints, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis (psoriatic arthritis, PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This article presents a systematic review of highly purified standardized drugs of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine sulfate (GS) used in the treatment of secondary OA in various models of RA, PsA, and AS. The molecular links of targeting the pathogenesis of secondary OA are considered in specific detail. CS and GS are shown to inhibit hyperinflammation through the CD44 and TLR2/4/8 receptors, as well as the NF-κB transcription factor, thus acting as a disease-modifying therapy for RA, PsA, and AS. Experimental and clinical studies of the effects of CS and GS in RA, PsA, and AS have confirmed the prospects of their standardized forms for use in the treatment and prevention of the diseases under consideration.

Zirconia has undergone significant modifications to enhance its optical properties, with the percentage of yttria being a crucial determinant. Surface treatment techniques, such as air abrasion, primer application and resin cement application, play critical roles in achieving reliable zirconia restorations. This review explores the critical factors of transformation toughening and low-temperature degradation, interpreting their impact on zirconia's mechanical properties. It provides a brief explanation of the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing process for fabricating zirconia restorations and explores the classification of zirconia variations. Additionally, it briefly discusses essential clinical aspects, such as tooth preparation and cementation techniques, specific to zirconia restorations. The review highlights the importance of carefully selecting zirconia owing to the diverse types available in the market. Factors such as yttria concentration and tooth preparation significantly influence the outcome of zirconia restorations. A comprehensive understanding of these factors is essential for making informed decisions in restorative dentistry. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This review offers dental professionals comprehensive insights into zirconia as a restorative material.

Este documento presenta una reflexión sobre el impacto de los partidismos dirigidos a la identidad y la polarización de discursos sobre la educación sexual en la educación pública costarricense, así como la difusa conceptualización de la llamada “ideología de género” y las preocupaciones que plantea desde lo social comunitario. Se presenta una propuesta integradora de los principios necesarios para una educación sexual saludable, la cual fue ratificada por diez psicólogos costarricenses, entre ellos la autora. Una cultura de paz caracterizada por la participación de todas las partes involucradas, así como la capacidad para generar espacios seguros para el diálogo se hacen necesarias para enfrentar los temas delicados que atañen a la población menor de edad de Costa Rica.

This contribution is a response to Ian Marder’s ‘Communicating and collaborating across nations, professions and disciplines in restorative justice’. Following the request of the journal’s Editoria...

The internal structure can be used to tune the properties of quantum dots.

This paper presents several of the major findings from an experimental evaluation of a new problem‐oriented policing practice. First‐time moderately serious juvenile offenders were randomly assigned either to formal adjudication or to a diversionary ‘restorative policing’ process called family group conferencing. Police‐based conferencing employs trained police officers to facilitate a meeting attended by juvenile offenders, their victims, and their respective family and friends, to discuss the harm caused by the offender's actions and to develop an agreement to repair the harm. The impact of the program reported in this paper was measured through surveys of victims, offenders, offender's parents and police officers and by examining outcomes of conferences and formal adjudication. Results are related to five concerns raised about restorative policing.