International Isotopes (United States)

Bayesian optimization (BO) has recently emerged as a powerful approach for on-line beam tuning, and it is rapidly gaining adoption across accelerator facilities due to its flexibility and efficiency in handling complex optimization tasks. At the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, rapid and reliable tuning is essential to support the delivery of diverse ion species. To improve the practicality of BO in this setting, we implemented several enhancements, including scalarized composite objective construction for multicriteria optimization, asynchronous evaluation for better resource utilization, prior-mean-assisted optimization to accelerate convergence, and a local search strategy for rapid completion of the task. We present the details of these methods, discuss challenges-encountered, and share our experience applying them to specific beam-tuning tasks.

Nuclear medicine is currently undergoing a tremendous boom. The use of radiopharmaceuticals (RPHs) for the diagnostics & treatment of various diseases in routine medical practice is becoming increasingly widespread, significantly enhancing the overall efficacy of the treatment process. Currently the possibility to manufacture radiopharmaceuticals in-house, at hospital radiopharmacies, provides the domestic hospitals with the opportunity to use new highly effective, yet unregistered, radiopharmaceticals. They are based on radionuclides produced in Russia (such as 177 Lu, 225 Ac etc.)

ABSTRACT This is a single–case longitudinal study in which we monitored antibody responses and plasma proteome dynamics over a 310–day period in a single individual who underwent COVID–19 vaccination and SARS–CoV–2 infection. To evaluate COVID–19 antibody responses, human plasma samples collected over 310 days (August 18, 2021, to June 22, 2022) were analyzed by DIA–LC–MS/MS proteomics. This led to the acquisition of a quantitative protein profile and allowed validation of the temporal behavior of expressed proteins within the samples. A total of 1,502 proteins were identified from the plasma samples. Before vaccination, after the first dose, after the second dose, and during the period after contracting the novel coronavirus, protein quantification values during each event interval were compared. Despite minimal changes before and after COVID–19 vaccination, notable proteins exhibiting distinct high–expression and low–expression patterns were identified after SARS–CoV–2 infection.

Augustus Hamilton (1853–1913) was a New Zealand ethnologist and naturalist who amassed a significant collection of fossils, mostly of birds, during his career. Today, those fossils are housed in the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (NMNZ). While some fossils have been catalogued and integrated into the collection of the NMNZ, a large part remained unsorted and uncatalogued. The present study brings an integrated view of Hamilton’s collection at the NMNZ, highlighting the most significant fossils. In total, there are 3692 specimen lots collected by Hamilton in the NMNZ representing a large sample of taxa and a wide range of locations around Aotearoa New Zealand. Most fossils are of Holocene age and belong to birds. The collection includes type specimens, circa 250 specimen lots belonging to extinct species, and specimens belonging to otherwise poorly represented species in natural history collections. We hope that our study makes Hamilton’s fossils visible and more readily available for future research.

Environmental radiation dosimeter is a kind of detector that measures the dose of the radiation area. Dosimeter registers the radiation and converts it to the dose according to the calibration parameters. The limit of a dose is different at each radiation area and this limit should be notified and reported to the user and health physics department. The stochastic nature of radiation is the reason for the fluctuation of any gamma detector dosimetry. In this research we investigated Geiger-Muller type of dosimeter and tried to improve the dose measurement. Geiger-Muller dosimeter is a counter that converts registered radiation to the dose. Therefore, for better data analysis, it is necessary to apply an algorithm to smooth statistical variations of registered radiation. We proposed a method to smooth these fluctuations much more and also proposed a dynamic way to trace rapid changes of radiations. Results show that our method is fast and reliable method in comparison the traditional method.

SummaryArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can help mitigate plant responses to water stress, but it is unclear whether AMF do so by indirect mechanisms, direct water transport to roots, or a combination of the two. Here, we investigated if and how the AMF Rhizophagus intraradices transported water to the host plant Avena barbata, wild oat.We used two‐compartment microcosms, isotopically labeled water, and a fluorescent dye to directly track and quantify water transport by AMF across an air gap to host plants.Plants grown with AMF that had access to a physically separated compartment containing 18O‐labeled water transpired almost twice as much as plants with AMF excluded from that compartment. Using an isotopic mixing model, we estimated that water transported by AMF across the air gap accounted for 34.6% of the water transpired by host plants. In addition, a fluorescent dye indicated that hyphae were able to transport some water via an extracytoplasmic pathway.Our study provides direct evidence that AMF can act as extensions of the root system along the soil–plant–air continuum of water movement, with plant transpiration driving water flow along hyphae outside of the hyphal cell membrane.

The controlled reproductive method as fundamental basis for the domestication of kelp The potential role of kelp aquaculture in the years to come Synopsis of this thesis Chapter 2 -How light and biomass density influence the reproduction of delayed Saccharina latissima gametophytes (Phaeophyceae) Discussion 47 Seasonal lag hypothesis How light and temperature influence multiannual delayed gametophyte reproduction. 48 Chapter 4 -In-culture selection and the potential effects of changing sex ratios on the reproductive success of multiannual delayed gametophytes of Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta

This is a rare case of a fit twelve-year-old male child, who presented with headache and convulsions.
 MRI showed 5x5 cm right tempro-parietal mass. Surgery was performed, and histopathology and immune-
 histochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of gliobastoma multiforme. He received external beam radiotherapy
 in a dose of 54 Gy in 27 fractions, concomitant with daily oral Temozulamide, followed by adjuvant monthly
 Temozulamide for six months. He remained well and died two and half years after treatment due to disease
 progression.

The use of stable isotope-labeled standards (SIS) is an analytically valid means of quantifying proteins in biological samples. The nature of the labeled standards and their point of insertion in a bottom-up proteomic workflow can vary, with quantification methods utilizing curves in analytically sound practices. A promising quantification strategy for low sample amounts is external standard addition (ExSTA). In ExSTA, multipoint calibration curves are generated in buffer using serially diluted natural (NAT) peptides and a fixed concentration of SIS peptides. Equal concentrations of SIS peptides are spiked into experimental sample digests, with all digests (control and experimental) subjected to solid-phase extraction prior to liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Endogenous peptide concentrations are then determined using the regression equation of the standard curves. Given the benefits of ExSTA in large-scale analysis, a detailed protocol is provided herein for quantifying a multiplexed panel of 125 high-to-moderate abundance proteins in undepleted and non-enriched human plasma samples. The procedural details and recommendations for successfully executing all phases of this quantification approach are described. As the proteins have been putatively correlated with various noncommunicable diseases, quantifying these by ExSTA in large-scale studies should help rapidly and precisely assess their true biomarker efficacy.

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Tujuan:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh iradiasi gamma terhadap kandungan nutrien, fenol dan aktivitas biologis tanin daun nangka (<em>Artocarpus heterophyllus</em>). Aktivitas biologis yang dimaksud adalah kemampuan tanin dalam mengikat protein yang terkandung dalam substrat pakan.</span></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Metode: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Perlakuan </span><span lang="EN-US">penelitian</span><span lang="EN-US"> adalah: </span><span lang="EN-US">DN (daun nangka tanpa iradiasi gamma); DN 5 (daun nangka yang diiradiasi gamma pada dosis 5 kGy); DN 7,5 (daun nangka yang diiradiasi gamma pada dosis 7,5 kGy) dan DN 10 (daun nangka yang diiradiasi gamma pada dosis 10 kGy). </span><span lang="IN">Variabel</span><span lang="EN-US"> yang diamati adalah profil nutrien, </span><span lang="IN">fraksi </span><span lang="EN-US">serat, anti nutrien dan aktivitas biologis tanin. Pada pengujian aktivitas biologis tanin, keempat perlakuan ditambahkan polietilen glikol (PEG) sebagai agen inaktivasi tanin. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan lima ulangan digunakan dalam penelitian ini</span><span lang="EN-US">.</span></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Hasil: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Hasil</span><span lang="EN-US"> penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi gamma tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap kandungan bahan organik (BO), protein kasar (PK), <em>acid detergent fiber</em> (ADF), total phenol dan total tanin pada daun nangka. Iradiasi gamma justru menurunkan aktivitas biologis tanin yang direpresentasikan oleh produksi gas kumulatif <em>in vit</em>ro. Walaupun demikian, dosis iradiasi gamma 5; 7,5 dan 10 kGy mampu menurunkan kandungan lemak kasar (LK) daun </span><span lang="EN-US">nangka berturut-turut sebesar 57,82; 83,64 dan 97,09% dari kandungan awal.</span></p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Kesimpulan: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah Aktivitas biologis tanin pada daun nangka menurun setelah diiradiasi gamma pada dosis > 5 kGy. Dosis iradiasi gamma 7,5 kGy mampu meningkatkan produksi gas komulatif dan kecernaan bahan organik <em>in vitro</em> daun nangka.</span>