Islamic Azad University of Parand

Introduction: Augmented reality (AR) interventions offer an innovative approach to engage children with autism while fostering their motor and social skill development. By leveraging technology-driven methods, such as AR and game-based motor-cognitive training, these interventions aim to enhance skill acquisition and increase participant engagement. Objective: This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of an AR game-based motor-cognitive training program on various aspects of functioning in children with autism, with a particular emphasis on social skills, attention, and motor coordination.Methods: This study employed a semi-experimental design that included a practical application, utilizing a pre-test and post-test framework alongside a control group. Following a comprehensive screening process, 60 children with autism were selected as participants and randomly divided into intervention and control groups, ensuring equal representation. The intervention group engaged in AR game-based motor-cognitive training sessions twice a week for eight weeks. Standardized assessment tools were used to measure the research variables, and data analysis was conducted using MANCOVA.Results: The findings indicated that the AR intervention significantly enhanced social skills (p<0.001, F=23.31), attention (p<0.001, F=18.47), and motor coordination (p<0.001, F=17.55) in children with autism.Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that AR game-based cognitive-motor training serves as an effective intervention for improving social skills, attention, and motor coordination in children diagnosed with autism. This study is practically and clinically important as it offers an engaging, evidence-based intervention to enhance social skills, attention, and motor

Granulosa cell tumor (GCT) is a sex cord-stromal rare malignancy; and is associated with infertility. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small secreted vesicles containing proteins, mRNA, and miRNA, therefore modulating signaling pathways potentially in recipient cells and in this way, they can help cancer spread through intercellular communication. In this research, the capability of ovarian cancer-derived EVs for inducing proliferation and metastasis in GCs is investigated. In the experimental study, EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation from A2780 human ovarian cancer cell-conditioned. Mouse GCs were mechanically isolated from 8 female mice. ovarian cancer-derived EVs were then added to the GCs (experimental groups: untreated GCs (control group), GCs treated with concentrations of 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml), and cell viability, migration, apoptosis, and estrogen hormone measurements were assessed by MTT, scratch assay, propidium iodide (PI) staining, annexin-V-FITC/PI and ELISA assay respectively. Gene's expression of Amh, Foxl2, Gdf-9, and Igf-1r were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). GCs treated with ovarian cancer EVs indicate an increase in cell viability compared to the control cells (P<0.05). Also, ovarian cancer EVs showed an increase in the migration potency. The other results this experimental study showed that ovarian cancer EVs increase in the estrogen secretion level (P<0.001) and reduce the apoptosis of GCs compared to the control group. It is further showed that EVs isolated from ovarian cancer (A2780 cell line) can induce the RNA expression level of several genes in recipient GCs, such as Amh, Foxl2, and Igf-1r (P<0.01, P<0.001), respectively, while the RNA expression level of Gdf-9 gene was decreased in comparison with the control. To sum up, the research here provides a novel insight into the role of ovarian cancer EVs in proliferation and metastasis in GCs and prevention of infertility caused by granulosa cancer.

The result of infection of bone with microorganisms is osteomyelitis and septic arthritis. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for most of its cases (more than 50%). Since MRSA is resistant to many treatments, it is accompanied by high costs and numerous complications, necessitating more effective new treatments. Recently, development of gelatin nanoparticles have attracted the attention of scientists of biomedicine to itself, and have been utilized as a delivery vehicle for antibiotics because of their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and cost-effectiveness. Promising results have been reported with gelatin modification and combinations with chemical agents. Although these findings have been suggested that gelatin has the potential to be a suitable option for continuous release of antibiotics in osteomyelitis and septic arthritis treatment, they still have not become routine in clinical practices. The most deliver antibiotic using gelatin-derived composites is vancomycin which is showed the good efficacy. To date, a number of pre-clinical studies evaluated the utility of gelatin-based composites in the management of osteomyelitis. Gelatin-based composites were found to have satisfactory performance in the control of infection, as well as the promotion of bone defect repair in chronic osteomyelitis models. This review summarized the available evidence which provides a new insight into gelatin-derived composites with controlled release of antibiotics.

Background: Renal dysfunction is a prevalent complication among patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs), significantly impacting patient outcomes. Objectives: This study focuses on assessing the incidence of acute renal failure (ARF) in pediatric patients hospitalized in ICUs, exploring its occurrence and associated effects on patient outcomes. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted to examine the incidence of ARF in pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary pediatric hospital's intensive care unit (PICU) in Iran from September 2019 to August 2020. Patients who developed ARF during their ICU stay were included in the study. Clinical and laboratory data were systematically collected upon admission and on a daily basis thereafter. This data collection aimed to elucidate differences in etiology, disease severity, and clinical practices, and to ascertain their impact on patient outcomes. Results: Out of 1145 pediatric ICU admissions, 4.3% experienced acute renal failure during their hospitalization. Of the 49 affected patients, information was available for 46 individuals, constituting the final analysis cohort. The staging of renal failure was categorized as follows: Stage I (45.7%), Stage II (19.6%), and Stage III (34.8%). Acute tubular necrosis emerged as the predominant cause of acute kidney injury (60.8%). The mortality rate among these patients was notably high at 39.1%, compared to the general PICU mortality rate of 7.1% during the study period. Non-survivors exhibited a higher prevalence of antibiotic use, particularly aminoglycosides and antifungal drugs. Additionally, resuscitation procedures were more frequently documented among non-survivors. Conclusions: Approximately 4.3% of pediatric ICU patients develop acute renal failure, with half of the cases manifesting within the initial 24 hours of hospitalization. Acute tubular necrosis stands out as the primary cause of acute kidney injury. A substantial proportion of patients (39.1%) succumb to the condition, particularly those subjected to resuscitation efforts or prescribed multiple antibiotics and antifungal drugs during hospitalization.

In this study, we aim to present a model of how green finance, fintech, and economic development are related in Iran. To this end, using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) model in the first section, the green finance index was calculated, and in the second section, utilizing the Markov-Switching regime change model (MS), the effect of the studied variables was analyzed on an annual basis over the period from 1996 to 2022. Based on the weights obtained for the green finance index, the share of renewable energies has the most significant impact on the composite index of green finance. Following that, energy efficiency and real GDP per capita have the next highest impacts. According to the estimated results of the model, during periods of economic boom, for each unit increase in green finance, fintech, employment, education, and capital, the country's economic development increases by 21, 7, 17, 19, and 14 units, respectively. Green finance can affect the economic development index through various factors, such as the faster adoption of advanced technologies from developed countries, increased benefits from research and development programs, achieving larger economies of scale, reducing price deviations and fluctuations, and thus, more efficient use of domestic resources across sectors, and faster supply of new goods and services. The increase in economic development, accompanied by a rise in GDP, will lead to higher production and exports, which, while requiring an increase in green finance, also influences economic development. Therefore, attention to the issue of maintaining economic development stability in the country should be among the issues that are prioritized by officials and government authorities above all else.