Islamic Azad University, Mashhad

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) typically presents with retrosternal chest pain exacerbated by exertion and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. However, this case describes an 81-year-old male who presented with Diarrhea and generalized weakness, an unusual manifestation of AMI. This highlights the importance of recognizing atypical symptoms, particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities, to ensure timely diagnosis and intervention.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of silicone oils with varying viscosities (100, 350 and 1000 cSt) and 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (1.8 cSt) on the efficiency of removing separated instruments using an ultrasonic device from the curved regions of mesio-buccal canals in mandibular first and second molars. Forty-eight mesio-buccal canals of mandibular first and second molars with curvatures ranging from 15 to 30 degrees were prepared and simulated with separated instruments. Nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) 25-4% rotary files, measuring 3-4 mm in length, were intentionally fractured within the curvature region of the canals. The samples were randomly divided into four groups (n = 12) based on the lubricant used: EDTA and silicone oils with viscosities of 100, 350 and 1000 cSt at 25°C. Primary outcomes were retrieval time and dentine loss from the canal's inner wall, measured via Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). Secondary outcomes included the coronal exposure of separated instruments to initiate bodily movement and the accuracy of CBCT versus periapical radiography in measuring fractured file length. Data were analysed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, one-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test at a significance level of 0.05. The experimental conditions were homogeneous between groups, with no significant differences in canal curvature (p = 0.907), ultrasonic preparation time (p = 0.632), or actual SI length (p = 0.082). The results showed no significant differences among the groups regarding SI retrieval time (p = 0.797), dentine loss (p = 0.653), or coronal SI exposure (p = 0.653). CBCT measurements demonstrated significantly greater accuracy in determining fractured file length compared to periapical radiography (p < 0.001). Within the limitations of this invitro study, the findings suggest that silicone oils, regardless of their viscosity, did not provide additional benefits over EDTA in reducing retrieval time or preserving dentine in the mesio-buccal canals of mandibular molars. However, CBCT proved more accurate than periapical radiography in measuring SI length. Despite the lack of significant effects of silicone oils with higher viscosity, EDTA remains clinically preferred due to its inherent chelating properties. Further research is needed to confirm or refute these findings.

ABSTRACT Accurately predicting stock prices remains a major challenge in financial analytics due to the complexity and noise inherent in market data. Feature selection plays a critical role in improving both computational efficiency and predictive performance. In this study, we introduce a novel hybrid framework that integrates metaheuristic feature‐selection algorithms with an enhanced transformer‐based prediction model fine‐tuned using temporal embedding and adaptive attention pruning. We evaluate and compare the effectiveness of three nature‐inspired metaheuristic algorithms: bat algorithm (BAT), gray wolf optimization (GWO), and beluga whale optimization (BWO) for selecting the most informative features from a time‐series stock dataset. After feature selection, the optimal subsets are fed into our modified transformer equipped with temporal embeddings and adaptive attention pruning. Extensive experiments conducted on the Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) dataset show that the proposed hybrid framework outperforms traditional methods in terms of predictive accuracy. Among the evaluated approaches, the combination of BWO and the fine‐tuned transformer achieves the best performance, yielding a Test RMSE of 0.0030 and a Test MAPE of 0.0108, demonstrating the superiority of BWO in identifying relevant features. This work provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of hybrid metaheuristic–deep learning models for stock price prediction and offers a foundation for integrating more explainable and scalable AI techniques into financial forecasting.

Drought stress poses a major global challenge for sugar beet crops. Applying polyamines (PAs) may offer a promising solution by enhancing the drought resistance of these plants. With the main objective to explore how foliar treatment with PAs impacts various qualitative and morphophysiological traits, a three-replicate split-plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design was conducted during 2020-2021 to evaluate how polyamine foliar applications affect sugar beets root yield, quality parameters, and morphophysiological characteristics under water-limited conditions. The main plots consisted of three irrigation levels (100% (I1), 75% (I2), and 50% (I3) of water requirement), while sub-plots received foliar treatments of putrescine (PUT) and spermidine (SPD) at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 millimolar for each of them, with distilled water serving as the control. In the study, polyamines were applied to sugar beet leaves in 3 three stages: at 8 leaves, 12-16 leaves, and 20-24 leaves. Statistical analysis revealed that irrigation treatments, polyamine foliar applications, and their interactions had significant effect on root yield (RY), α-amino-N content, leaf area index (LAI), total plant dry weight (TPDW), leaf greenness (SPAD), relative water content (RWC), and water use efficiency (WUE). Additionally, white sugar yield (WSY) and Proline content showed significant responses to these treatments. Applying 1 millimolar PUT at irrigation level I2 increased LAI, TPDW, RWC, SPAD, RY, and WSY by 21.1, 28.3, 21.8, 35.3, 27.7, and 47.5 percent, respectively, in comparison to the untreated control group, While PUT 1 millimolar treatment at irrigation level I3 led to a 62% increase in Proline. In general, foliar application with the tested polyamines significantly improved the morphophysiological, quantitative, and qualitative properties. Notably, when polyamines were administered under mild stress conditions, WSY of sugar beet increased, while also achieving water savings.

In this study, the one-dimensional cellular automaton is extended to one that involves two sets of symbols and two local rules. As a main result, a characterization theorem is provided. Such constructions can be useful in studying complex systems involving two related phenomena and provide a way to study their correlation.