Istituto Giordano

BackgroundPregnancy is a complex period involving significant physical, mental, and social changes in a woman’s life, affecting her psychological well-being. According to the literature, anxiety, stress, and depression are common symptoms among pregnant women. Promoting a healthy lifestyle with a focus on mental health is essential. In this context, digital solutions such as coaches on smartphones are emerging as valuable tools to support the psychological well-being of pregnant women without existing disorders.ObjectiveThis study aims to present the research protocol of a pilot study designed as a proof-of-concept investigation. The study evaluates the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of an acceptance and commitment therapy–based stress management mobile app. The primary objective is to explore the feasibility of using a coach, ALBA (A Well-Being Assistant), developed within the TreC Ricerca app, to promote women’s psychological well-being during pregnancy through 5 sessions based on acceptance and commitment therapy. The pre- and postintervention effects on psychological well-being will also be explored as a secondary objective, serving as a proxy for the potential impact of the intervention.MethodsThe study serves as a proof-of-concept investigation, where a small sample size (N=50) is deemed adequate to fulfill the study’s objectives. Participant recruitment will be conducted among pregnant women affiliated with the pregnancy care services of the Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari di Trento, using a convenience sampling approach. ALBA will interact with the participating women for 6 weeks, between the 14th and 26th weeks of gestation. Specifically, there will be 1 session per week, which the woman can choose, to allow more flexibility regarding her needs, supplemented by ALBA-supported exercises to be performed between sessions. This study adopts a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis. Usability and engagement are assessed using the System Usability Scale, Chatbot Usability Questionnaire, User Engagement Scale-Short Form, and the User Mobile Rating Scale. Moreover, other quantitative outcome measures include levels of stress, anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, psychological flexibility, coping strategies, self-efficacy, and overall well-being, along with qualitative data from semistructured interviews. Finally, the analysis of the data gathered in this study will primarily adopt descriptive statistics and a text mining approach, focused on evaluating the attainment of the study objectives and changes over experimental time.ResultsThe psychoeducational approach aims to yield notable outcomes regarding the usability and engagement of women with ALBA. Furthermore, an anticipated enhancement in psychological well-being and quality of life is expected.ConclusionsExisting literature indicates a preference among women in the perinatal period for online support, highlighting the potential of digital interventions to address barriers related to social stigma and seeking assistance. In this context, ALBA emerges as a valuable resource, providing consistent psychoeducational support for women throughout pregnancy.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/53891

BackgroundPregnancy is a complex time characterized by major transformations in a woman, which impact her physical, mental, and social well-being. How a woman adapts to these changes can affect her quality of life and psychological well-being. The literature indicates that pregnant women commonly experience psychological symptoms, with anxiety, stress, and depression being among the most frequent. Hence, promoting a healthy lifestyle focused on women’s psychological well-being is crucial. Recently developed digital solutions have assumed a crucial role in supporting psychological well-being in physiologically pregnant women. Therefore, the need becomes evident for the development and implementation of digital solutions, such as a virtual coach implemented in a smartphone, as a support for the psychological well-being of pregnant women who do not present psychological and psychiatric disorders.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of a mindfulness-based mobile app. The primary objective is to explore the feasibility of using a virtual coach, Maia, developed within the TreC Mamma app to promote women’s psychological well-being during pregnancy through a psychoeducational module based on mindfulness. Finally, through the delivery of this module, the level of psychological well-being will be explored as a secondary objective.MethodsThis is a proof-of-concept study in which a small sample (N=50) is sufficient to achieve the intended purposes. Recruitment will occur within the group of pregnant women belonging to the pregnancy care services of the Trento Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari di Trento. The convenience sampling method will be used. Maia will interact with the participating women for 8 weeks, starting from weeks 24 and 26 of pregnancy. Specifically, there will be 2 sessions per week, which the woman can choose, to allow more flexibility toward her needs.ResultsThe psychoeducational pathway is expected to lead to significant results in terms of usability and engagement in women’s interactions with Maia. Furthermore, it is anticipated that there will be improvements in psychological well-being and overall quality of life. The analysis of the data collected in this study will be mainly descriptive, orientated toward assessing the achievement of the study objectives.ConclusionsLiterature has shown that women preferred web-based support during the perinatal period, suggesting that implementing digital interventions can overcome barriers to social stigma and asking for help. Maia can be a valuable resource for regular psychoeducational support for women during pregnancy.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR1-10.2196/53890

Introdução: Políticas públicas de promoção à Saúde da Mulher e melhoria de indicadores de saúde devem contemplar ciclos de vida da mulher, sexualidade e planejamento reprodutivo. Para tanto, é preciso conhecer as particularidades do perfil das usuárias que utilizam o serviço de saúde. Objetivo: Analisar aspectos da sexualidade feminina e do planejamento reprodutivo de mulheres atendidas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de Ribeirão Preto - SP. Método: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, corte transversal, realizado no município de Ribeirão Preto - SP, em unidades de APS. Mulheres acima de 18 anos, atendidas na APS, foram entrevistadas por meio de questionário direto. Sendo avaliadas variáveis sociodemográficas, obstétricas, de planejamento reprodutivo e de sexualidade. Resultados: De janeiro de 2022 a fevereiro de 2023, 391 mulheres foram incluídas no estudo. As mulheres tinham em média 39,6 anos, a maioria autodeclarada branca (49,1%), heterossexual (91%), proveniente do Sudeste (75,1%), com mais de 10 anos de estudo (75,5%); eram casadas ou estavam em união estável (44,0%) e possuíam alguma religião (71,9%). A renda familiar média per capita foi de R$ 1.480,0, em sua maioria de classe média (B2 a C2). Após dois anos da pandemia de COVID-19, a maioria das mulheres (71,8%) considerou-se com boa ou ótima saúde nos últimos 12 meses, tendo tempo para si (74,6%) e possuindo alguma atividade de lazer (75,9%); declarando, porém, não realizar exercícios físicos (64,2%). Quanto à história reprodutiva, a menarca foi em média aos 12,7 ± 1,6 anos, a sexarca com 17,3 ± 2,8 anos e o primeiro parto de 21 anos ± 4,8 anos; a maioria já havia engravidado (74,4%) e 54,5% delas tiveram gestações não planejadas. Um terço das mulheres teve pelo menos um aborto, com média de filhos vivos de 1,5. Aproximadamente metade das entrevistadas apontou uso prévio de contracepção de emergência. Todas as mulheres referiram conhecimento sobre algum método contraceptivo, cerca de 30% conhecia o implante subdérmico e mais de 40% delas conheciam os dispositivos intrauterinos (DIU). Mais de 90% das mulheres entrevistadas iniciaram a contracepção após consulta com profissional de saúde, 75% delas escolheram seu método; 40,3% utilizavam contracepção de longa duração (LARC), sendo 23,2% DIU de Cobre e 17,1% implante. O percentual de mulheres que responderam nunca utilizar preservativo foi de 59,3%, com 11,4% referindo uso consistente; 24,7% já tiveram alguma infecção sexualmente transmissíveis (IST). A maioria das mulheres (54,6%) referiu ter de 2 a 11 relações sexuais por mês, tomando a iniciativa para começar de 2 a 6 em cada 10 relações (53,3%). Apesar de a maioria referir mais de 2 relações sexual por mês (80,8%) e iniciativa pelo menos duas vezes ao mês (66,2%), aproximadamente um quarto delas estava insatisfeita com sua frequência sexual e 89 % delas desejariam ter mais relações sexuais. A maioria das mulheres (64,4%) já teve relações sexuais sem ter vontade. Conclusão: Trata-se de população com boa condição socioeconômica, com acesso à assistência em Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva (SSR). Iniciaram contracepção após orientação por profissional de saúde, com autonomia de escolha e muitas são usuárias de LARC. No entanto, a maioria refere ter tido relações sexuais sem vontade, nunca usar preservativos e muitas já tiveram diagnóstico de IST.

Les réformes de 2016 (loi El Khomri) et 2017-2018 (ordonnances et loi de ratification) ont aménagé les notions mêmes de négociation et de convention d’entreprise en ajoutant le niveau du groupe à ceux de l’« entreprise » et de l’établissement. Partant d’une analyse de l’enquête REPONSE montrant le caractère déterminant de ces niveaux de négociation, le retour sur des monographies marquées par la présence d’un groupe conduit à envisager plusieurs configurations, allant de l’action directe du groupe sur la négociation (ou son absence) à une influence moins directe du groupe, associée à une relative autonomie de l’entreprise ou de l’établissement. Si elles présentent le risque de « financiariser la négociation d’entreprise » en l’attachant aux intérêts financiers portés par le groupe, ces réformes laissent donc subsister des espaces pour le déploiement de tactiques syndicales variées.

Informed consent for CoViD-19 vaccines can be considered a step that can help us focus on an increasingly burdensome problem for contemporary medicine: the difficult relationship of trust between citizens and academic medicine. Filling out forms full of useless information cannot replace the rebuilding of trust based on shared essential ethical principles. Trust needs to be protected by a transparent accountability, which can also decrease the threatening looming of lawsuits. Medicine must be safe, first and foremost, for the practitioner. He cannot practice it if he feels constantly in check, if the outcome of the treatment does not correspond to the wishes of those who request it.

Abstract They never met. But the ‚friendship by correspondence‘ (1628–1634) between the traveller Pietro Della Valle and the desk-bound librarian of the imperial library in Vienna, Sebastian Tengnagel, was built on a solid foundation: their shared passion for the Christian and Muslim East, its languages and its books was an „iron bond“ that gave rise to a close and immediate understanding between two men, despite their huge differences of temperament and experience. However, these letters (kept at the Vatican Archives and the Austrian National Library) do not just bear witness to the growing knowledge of the East in the first half of the 17th century. They also show that early Catholic Orientalism had its roots in a highly stratified terrain, in which military conflict, irenic tensions, missionary propaganda, philological investigation, religious disputes, a rejection of book censorship, and theories on sovereignty were layered and interwoven. But how, and why, would anyone choose to become an orientalist, and what did it entail? Rome and Vienna, the cities from which the letters were written, were both normative centres with universalist ambitions; both were engaged in a profound rethinking and redefinition of secular and religious power. The pages written by Tengnagel and Della Valle reflect the writers’ love of and interest in books. But reading carefully between the lines you can also hear the ‚noises off‘ of the cities in which they were penned.

The objective of this study was to assess consumers' ability to correctly identify different types of milk in a blind taste test and correlates of plans to purchase lower fat milk. Adults from 8 supermarkets in low-income neighborhoods tasted 3 types of unlabeled lower fat or fat-free milk samples and guessed the type of each sample. Of the 1074 participants, only 7.6% were able to identify all 3 unlabeled samples correctly. Most adults in this study reported consuming higher fat milk and could not correctly identify milk type by taste alone. Blind taste tests may encourage consumers to drink lower fat milk.