Jersey Community Hospital

Psychiatry has had a rocky past, the future is bright, but challenges lie ahead. Advancing technology offers the prospect of re-defining mental illness based on pathophysiology. The prospect of personalised medicine offers the hope of more effective, targeted treatments. Exploiting innovation however, depends on evolving social attitudes and government policy, factors beyond the direct control of psychiatry. We must also defend the boundaries of psychiatry against potential fragmentation or risk surrendering our professional role to other Healthcare professionals and loosing a holistic approach to care and the therapeutic relationship, which should always underpin everything we do. As well as embracing the advances offered by translational medicine and Artificial Intelligence, psychiatrists must continue to influence, inform and educate if our future patients are to see real benefit from the innovation that is unfolding before our eyes.

The study provides a new theory on the mechanism underlying myopia development, and it could be useful in clinical practice to control myopia development in schoolchildren. To model the effect of the crystalline lens on refractive development in schoolchildren. The Zemax 13 was used to calculate Zernike aberrations and refractions across 50° horizontal visual fields. Optical effects of the anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, and radii of curvature of the lens surfaces on refractions were modeled. Refractive changes induced by lens development in emmetropic and myopic eyes, based on a previous longitudinal study from literature, were calculated. A lens thickness reduction with an anterior chamber depth deepening caused a hyperopic shift over the visual fields and even more at the periphery. Opposite effects were found when the lens was thinned without any change of the anterior chamber depth. While a flattening of the anterior lens surface produced hyperopic refractions overall, a posterior lens flattening caused a myopic shift at the periphery, but a hyperopic shift of the central refraction. In the myopic eye, lens development induced refractive change toward more hyperopic over the visual fields and more at the periphery. Lens thinning and lens axial movement participate in peripheral refractive development in schoolchildren, and lens development with a deeper anterior chamber depth and a flatter lens surface in the myopic eye could generate extra hyperopia over visual fields. The myopic lens development could be due to a backward movement of the lens, driven by a backward growth of the ciliary process, which might be a causative factor of myopia development.