Johnson University Florida

Abstract This study examines whether three cognitive biases, perceived control, loss aversion, and status quo preference, predict entrepreneurial engagement and whether these relationships vary by national income level. We combine individual-level data from the World Values Survey, Wave 7 (80,597 respondents in 59 countries), with GDP per capita from the World Bank. We estimate multilevel logistic regression models with bias-GDP interaction terms and explore mechanisms using structural equation modeling (SEM), with institutional trust, perceived safety, and economic ideology as mediators. Results show that perceived control increases the likelihood of entrepreneurial engagement, and this association is stronger in higher-GDP economies. GDP per capita exhibits a negative direct association with entrepreneurship, consistent with more necessity-driven entrepreneurship in lower-income contexts. Mediation results indicate that institutional trust partially transmits the effect of perceived control, while a direct effect remains. We discuss implications for integrated behavioral models of entrepreneurship and suggest a dual policy approach, strengthening individual agency through behavioral interventions while improving the institutional environment, especially in lower-income settings. Supplementary analyses provide construct-validity evidence for the Q42-based status quo proxy (Appendix A).

Total thyroidectomy is the established surgical standard for hereditary and sporadic medullary thyroid cancer (sMTC). However, for unilateral sporadic tumors, its benefit over lobectomy remains uncertain. To compare oncologic outcomes between total thyroidectomy and lobectomy in patients with sMTC. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to December 2025 to identify comparative studies on patients with sMTC who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy. Reviewers working independently and in duplicate screened titles, abstracts, and full-text articles for eligibility using standardized instructions. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines were used for reporting. Primary outcomes were mortality, overall survival, structural recurrence, biochemical cure, and distant metastasis development. The secondary outcome was postoperative complications. Effect measures were calculated as odds ratios (ORs) or relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Nine retrospective studies met inclusion criteria and comprised 1371 patients (295 of 397 patients [74.3%] with documented sex were female, and median age ranged from 45.0 to 58.2 years). A total of 531 patients (38.7%) underwent lobectomy and 840 (61.3%) underwent total thyroidectomy. Of 341 tumors, 280 (82.1%) lacked extrathyroidal extension, 284 of 401 tumors (70.8%) measured smaller than 2 cm (70.8%), and 197 of 343 tumors (57.4%) were node negative; central neck dissection was performed in 445 of 492 patients (90.4%). Multifocal disease was uncommon and reported in 30 of 330 patients (9.1%). Mortality did not differ at 5 years (RR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.07-1.35) or beyond (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.40-2.47). Overall survival at 5 years was similar (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.94-1.11). Total thyroidectomy was not associated with lower structural recurrence rates at 5 years (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.14-1.49), but it was associated beyond 5 years (OR, 7.26; 95% CI, 1.07-49.21). No differences were observed for biochemical cure at 5 years (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.47-1.56) or beyond 5 years (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.26-2.89). Distant metastasis development did not differ at 5 years (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 0.09-31.52). Sensitivity analyses revealed no differences across any outcomes. Postoperative complications were more common in total thyroidectomy. Risk of bias was high in 4 studies, moderate in 4, and low in 1. Findings in this systematic review and meta-analysis, based on data from retrospective studies, suggest that thyroid lobectomy may be associated with oncologic outcomes comparable to total thyroidectomy in selected patients with sMTC.

Objetivo: Investigar como as redes sociais virtuais influenciam no bem-estar subjetivo e autoconceito de adultos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, qualitativo, realizado em março de 2024, através de um grupo focal. A amostra foi composta por 15 adultos de diferentes gêneros, universitários, residentes do estado de Santa Catarina. Para a análise dos dados empregou-se a análise temática. Resultados: Verificou-se uma variação no tempo de uso das mídias sociais, sendo utilizadas especialmente por motivos profissionais. Houve consenso de que o bem-estar subjetivo e autoconceito se entrelaçam. O uso de selfies e filtros varia entre os participantes, refletindo diferentes atitudes sobre autoimagem e autenticidade. Os efeitos das ferramentas nos fenômenos influem positivamente ou negativamente. Considerações finais: O estudo revelou que o uso das redes sociais está profundamente enraizado na vida cotidiana dos adultos, influenciando no bem-estar subjetivo e autoconceito de maneiras complexas e variadas. A consciência e a reflexão sobre o uso dessas plataformas são cruciais para manter uma relação saudável com as redes sociais virtuais, evitando seus efeitos negativos e promovendo uma melhor qualidade de vida.

Giant cell arteritis is a potentially devastating condition that relies on temporal artery biopsy (TAB) for definitive diagnosis. Although women are more likely to be affected by giant cell arteritis, they tend to endure shorter TAB lengths. This may be due to concerns for postsurgical scalp scarring. This paper describes a technique for TAB that utilizes a zig-zag incision to improve intraoperative exposure, increase biopsy length, and minimize risk of post-TAB scarring. After marking Pitanguy line, a zig-zag incision is made posterior to the temporal hairline and dissection is performed to the superficial temporal fascia. The temporal artery is identified, ligated, and removed for biopsy. Careful attention is given to closure, with the deep and superficial layers closed separately. A retrospective analysis was completed on all TABs done with a zig-zag incision between September 2023 and February 2025. Demographic information, biopsy length, and complications were evaluated. Thirteen biopsies of 11 patients were included in the analysis. The zig-zag incision for TAB facilitated excellent intraoperative exposure without increasing incision length. Mean (±standard deviation) TAB length was 4.8 ± 0.8 cm. No postoperative complications were reported, and excellent cosmetic results were achieved. The technique facilitated optimal TAB length while addressing concerns about scarring that might otherwise reduce diagnostic yield, especially in females. The Zig-zag incision for TAB is safe and produces good cosmetic outcomes. Adoption of this technique may lead to increased TAB lengths and reduce the risk of a cosmetically unappealing post-surgical scar.

Este artigo explora a integração do construtivismo social de Lev Vygotsky com as tecnologias digitais no contexto educacional. A partir da teoria vygotskiana, que enfatiza a importância da interação social e da mediação no desenvolvimento cognitivo, discutimos como as tecnologias podem atuar como ferramentas de mediação para promover a aprendizagem colaborativa e personalizada. O conceito de Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal (ZDP) é central para a análise da utilização das tecnologias no ensino, pois elas permitem que o aluno avance de maneira mais eficaz com o apoio de ferramentas digitais e da interação com colegas e educadores. A pesquisa destaca o papel das tecnologias digitais na personalização do ensino, proporcionando ambientes de aprendizagem mais dinâmicos e interativos, que respeitam o ritmo e as necessidades individuais dos alunos. Além disso, o estudo aborda a formação dos professores como um aspecto crucial para a utilização efetiva dessas ferramentas, garantindo que a tecnologia seja utilizada de maneira crítica e reflexiva. Ao integrar o construtivismo de Vygotsky e as tecnologias, é possível potencializar a aprendizagem, preparando os alunos para os desafios do século XXI, sem perder de vista os princípios pedagógicos fundamentais da educação humana e social.

In this work, we present an optimized two-metal level (2ML) BEOL unit process based on NbTiN developed in imec’s 300mm pilot line. Vias with varying critical dimension (CD), pre-clean conditions, and metal fill depositions were explored to mitigate the formation of voids in the vias upon PVD deposition into the cavities. A range of via CDs down to 40 nm were produced using lithography bias. NbTi alloy target deposition improved wafer resistivity relative standard deviation by 50% compared to co-sputtering, improving wafer uniformity. Different integration routes were evaluated to fabricate NbTiN wires while minimizing sidewall oxidation and electrical CD losses. Critical currents were up to 2x better than previously reported via-chain devices. Wire CD loss was reduced by at least 7 nm. Wire critical currents are similar for top and bottom layers, indicating no degradation with additional processing. The critical current density is up to 95 mA/pm<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>, which is greater than half of the theoretical depairing current density of our thin films.

A relação do turismo com locais de morte, desastre, crime e sofrimento parece uma conjunção anômala posto que estes lugares carregam estigmas, questões éticas e despertam muitas vezes sentimentos contrários ao proposto nos momentos de entretenimento e lazer turístico. Porém, o consumo de viagens relacionadas a lugares com aspectos de morte passaram a ser um imperativos nos estudos turísticos, dada os novos desejos do visitante no mundo pós-moderno, que busca estímulo emocional, que possibilitem experienciar sentimentos. Neste contexto o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a evolução de publicações de dark tourism no contexto brasileiro, com o intuito de compreender as principais temáticas estudadas, quais destinos e atrativos se destacam no contexto brasileiro e quais são as perspectivas para futuras pesquisas neste campo de estudo. Para isso, realizou pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, sob análise qualitativa,a partir da revisão sistemática. Os resultados demonstraram que a produção científica em periódicos nacionais sobre dark tourism , é incipientes quando comparados com os estudos internacionais, uma vez que o debate internacional sobre o tema é datado em 1990, e no Brasil iniciou apenas ano 2012, com destaque para as cidades de Curitiba-PR, Santa Vitória do Palmar-RS, Corumbá -MT, Natal-RN, São Paulo-SP, Diamantina-MG, Barbacena - MG, Recife-PE e João Pessoa-PB. Verificou-se também que o tema está ligado a debates ligados ao turismo cemiterial, dado a ressignificação desses espaços, uma vez que a morte possui diversas interpretações, ligada ao contexto da cultura de cada sociedade. Sugere para futuras pesquisas a expansão para banco de teses e dissertações.

In patients with diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a well-documented potential complication, usually presenting with hyperglycemia, anion gap acidosis, and positive ketones. Metformin toxicity in the setting of acute renal failure is also a well-known cause of lactic acidosis. However, metformin-induced euglycemic ketoacidosis is less well-known or studied. We report a case of metformin toxicity in the setting of acute renal failure with both lactic acidosis and ketosis and an initial confounded clinical presentation of sulphonylurea-induced hypoglycemia. A high index of suspicion for metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA) and metformin-associated lactic acidosis with euglycemic ketoacidosis (MALKA) should be in place in patients who are taking metformin and presenting with acute renal failure and euglycemia.