Julius Nyerere University of Kankan

L'asthme représente un défi de santé publique dans de nombreuses communautés en RDC, incitant les populations à se fier au savoir-faire de la médecine traditionnelle. Cette étude a pour objectif de documenter le patrimoine végétal utilisé localement contre l'asthme dans le secteur Kipuku. Une enquête ethnobotanique a été menée sur le terrain en 2024 auprès de 50 phytothérapeutes 33 hommes (66%) et 17 femmes (34%). Les données recueillies révèlent un savoir traditionnel conséquent, principalement détenu par des individus ayant atteint le niveau secondaire 26 personnes (52%) de l'échantillon.L’analyse a permis de répertorier 36 espèces médicinales distinctes, réparties dans 26 familles botaniques et 16 ordres. Les familles les plus représentées en termes d'espèces antiasthmatiques sont les Euphorbiaceae (16,7%) et les Fabaceae (11,1%). La macération est le mode de préparation dominant (50%). La feuille est l'organe végétal le plus utilisé (23 sujets soit 63,9%), et la voie orale représente la principale voie d'administration (40 sujets soit 80%) des remèdes. Ce savoir traditionnel est majoritairement transmis par voie orale.Ces résultats témoignent d'une richesse floristique et d'un potentiel thérapeutique significatif dans la pharmacopée traditionnelle de Kipuku. Ils constituent une base de données essentielle pour des recherches ultérieures en phytochimie visant l'identification et l'isolement des métabolites secondaires naturels (antiasthmatiques) prometteurs pour le développement de nouvelles solutions thérapeutiques traditionnelles améliorées.

The use of fossil fuels for energy production has caused global warming, the main environmental concern of our society. Today, renewable energy sources offer a solution to this problem, and the government of Senegal is working to promote the renewable energy sector in order to combat global warming and produce reliable, affordable, and sustainable energy. The current work seeks to study the contribution of photovoltaic power plants to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide. Photovoltaic system operation, depending on atmospheric parameters, utilizes the RETScreen software to collect weather data such as ambient temperature, irradiation, and wind velocity for each location. Mathematical equations modeling the temperature, efficiency, and power of a photovoltaic module are used in this work to determine the influence of atmospheric conditions on solar power plants. The results showed that weather parameters have a significant influence on energy production. The results also demonstrated Senegal’s contribution to the reduction of greenhouse gases with 194.228 MegaWatts (MW) of solar photovoltaic plants. This contribution consisted of injecting 364.746 GigaWatt-hours (GWh) of clean energy per year, i.e., 7294.920 GWh over 20 years, and in reducing 314,411.1 tons of carbon dioxide per year, i.e., 62,288,222 tons over 20 years.

BackgroundImplementing decisive and effective infection prevention and control measures necessitates a thorough grasp of the general population’s level of knowledge in order to identify existing gaps and react appropriately.ObjectiveThe goal of this cross-sectional research was to assess public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about COVID-19 in Kankan Guinea, in order to better understand the socio-demographic factors that are associated with poor KAP.Materials and MethodsThe study population consists of 1230 people who reside in five health districts in the Kankan region. An anonymous paper-based questionnaire, given face-toface by trained field agents, was used to gather data.ResultsThe research included 1230 Guineans in total. The bulk of respondents (60%) were familiar with COVID-19. Only 44% of respondents under the age of 29 had a clear understanding of COVID-19. Male participants knew more about COVID-19 than female ones (P=0.003). The majority of participants (82%) had negative attitudes toward COVID-19, while 61% reported positive practices linked to COVID-19 measures. In this research, being female was a risk factor for poor knowledge of COVID-19 (P0,001), and being single was a risk factor for negative attitudes toward COVID-19 (P=0,009).ConclusionAppropriate measures should be taken to increase public awareness and improve general practice of preventive measures aimed at reducing the spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

The establishment of a remote administration system in university institutions in the DRC is a relevant development for the scientific community. It makes it possible to solve the problems linked to the democratization and geospatial freedom of communicating entities, while offering transparent and secure access to applications and remote machines, the aim of which, moreover, is to ensure rapid and efficient to data, and improve availability. Nevertheless, in such a system, the advantages are only possible by taking into consideration the use of techniques combining the remote management of a data network and making tasks easy for users... In this article, we propose to carry out a study of the integration of remote administration in the operational and ordinary decision-making of university institutions in the DRC, this maneuver therefore allows all administrators and users of any system to intervene in real time wherever they would be in order to improve performance in terms of response time, the ease of tasks for users as well as the maintenance of the system... Hence the need to resolve any problems related in particular to the vagaries of the conventional administration

Introduction: Cataract surgery has undergone many changes with the size of incision progressively decreasing over time with an incision of 12.0 mm for intracapsular cataract extraction to 2.2 - 2.8 mm in phacoemulsification. However, phacoemulsification due to high cost and equipment maintenance cannot be employed widely in developing countries. The phacoalternative or Manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) offers similar advantages with the merits of wider applicability, less time consuming, a shorter learning curve, and lower cost. Haven’t not being without complications like any other surgery We have identified the factors influencing the outcome of phacoalternative cataract surgery in order to improve our quality of care for our patients suffering from blindness induced by the world’s first leading cause of legal blindness. We have identified the factors influencing the outcome of cataract surgery. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective observational study of the descriptive type lasting six (6) months from March 1 to August 30, 2020 including all patients operated on for cataracts and having lower visual acuity at 3/10. The operating form included demographic data, the patient’s personal ophthalmological history, postoperative visual acuity, per and postoperative complications and the type of pathology involved. The analysis was carried out using epi-info 7.2.0.1 software. Results: During this study period, we collected 61 cases of failure of cataract surgery out of a total of 1182 operated eyes, i.e. a frequency of 5.16%. Women represented more than half of the sample with 74%. Almost all of our patients, i.e. 96.72%, were over the age of 60. Loss of visual acuity was the main complaint in all our patients, i.e. 100% followed by photophobia with 24.4% of cases. Arterial hypertension present in 8.20% of patients was the most common comorbidity in our series followed by diabetes with 4.92%. 18 patients (29.5%) presented early postoperative complications such as corneal edema in 15 patients (24.6%) and hyphema in 3 patients (4.9%). Late postoperative complications were dominated by capsular fibrosis encountered in 42.89% of our patients. The causes of failure after cataract surgery were dominated by selection errors which accounted for 36.06% followed by late postoperative complications 34.43%. Conclusion: Like any surgery, cataract surgery can often be marred by various complications often occurring during the intraoperative or postoperative period. These complications in addition to negligence and/or non-deep analysis of certain cases (selection) are often associated with poor functional recovery.

This study is a continuation of the work of evaluation and valuation of the hydro power potential of Small hydropower plants in Guinea. With a total hydroelectric potential estimated at 6000 MW, Guinea generally suffers from a lack of electrical energy, especially in rural areas where nearly 70% of the populations live and less than 15% of this population is connected to the grid. Electricity of the country, which has the negative consequence of the misuse of wood as a source of energy. Hence the need for this study, which aims to assess the hydroelectric potential of the Tokounou waterfall in Kankan prefecture. The main results obtained relate to : the turbine flow rate, the net head, the useful power, the dimensions of the loading basin, the characteristics of the penstock and the choice of turbine. Proposals for the use of the estimated hydroelectric potential have been made, which could improve the energy needs of the locality.

This article describes the interactions among different social actors involved in the fight against the Ebola epidemic in Guinea, focusing on their professional and community identities. It shows how the epidemic has contributed to create new identities, grouped into two different semantic fields: the “Ebola people” and the “communities”, but also new professional identities. In the theoretical framework of Olivier de Sardan’s socio-anthropology of development, the article tries to provide a better knowledge about the experts of the “Riposte,” belonging to different disciplinary fields and on their representations of local people. Cet article décrit les interactions entre les différents acteurs impliqués dans la lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola en Guinée, en se focalisant sur leurs identités communautaires et professionnelles. Il montre comment l’épidémie a contribué à forger de toute pièce des identités inédites, regroupées en deux camps opposés, « les gens d’Ebola » et les « communautés », ainsi que de nouvelles figures professionnelles. Dans une perspective de la socio-anthropologie du développement de Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan, l’article cherche à contribuer à une meilleure connaissance des opérateurs de la « Riposte », des interactions entre les spécialistes de disciplines différentes et de leurs représentations sur les populations locales. L’articolo descrive le interazioni tra i vari attori impegnati nella lotta contro l’epidemia di Ebola in Guinea, concentrandosi sulle loro identità professionali e comunitarie. Mostra in che modo l’epidemia abbia contribuito a creare delle identità inedite, raggruppate in due campi opposti: la “gente di Ebola” e le comunità, ma anche a determinare la nascita di nuove figure professionali. Richiamandosi alla socio-antropologia dello sviluppo di Jean-Pierre Olivier de Sardan, l’articolo cerca di fornire una migliore conoscenza degli esperti della “Riposte”, delle interazioni tra specialisti di diverse discipline et delle loro rappresentazioni sulle popolazioni locali.

Kişiler arası iletişimin zaman ve mekana göre değiştiğigörülmektedir. Türkiye’de özellikle büyük şehirlerde son dönemde yerleşen plazaçalışma hayatı ve plazada çalışanların kullandığı plaza kültürü kavramı ortayaçıkmaktadır. Plaza kavramı modernleşme ile ortaya çıkmış bir kavramdır.Plazalar kentlerin büyük bir parçasını oluşturduğundan dolayı plaza kavramıincelenirken kent ve kentsel değişim dönüşüm kavramları da önem kazanmaktadır.Plaza’da çalışan kişiler kendi aralarında yarattıkları mekansız bir zamandasıkışmış bir hayatı yaşamaktadır. Bu konuda David Harvey’in kavramı “Zaman vemekan” sıkışması ortaya çıkmaktadır. David Harvey Umut Mekanlarıkitabında bu mekan ve zaman sıkışmasından sıklıkla bahsetmektedir. Bu zamansızplaza mekanların geçen zamanlar, insanların iletişim seviye ve düzeylerinietkilemektedir. Modernleşen insanın yalnızlaşmasının ve yabancılaşmasının busüreçte ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında plazada çalışan beyazyaka olarak tabir edilen kişiler araştırılmıştır. Plaza mekanları üzerindenkişilerin iletişim dillerinin bu mekan algısı ile değişim süreçleriincelenmiştir. Önce insanlar kentleri değiştirmiştir, daha sonra kentler insanlarıdeğiştirmiştir.

The family Arteriviridae harbors a rapidly expanding group of viruses known to infect a divergent group of mammals, including horses, pigs, possums, primates, and rodents. Hosts infected with arteriviruses present with a wide variety of (sub) clinical symptoms, depending on the virus causing the infection and the host being infected. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequences of three variants of a previously unknown virus found in Olivier’s shrews (Crocidura olivieri guineensis) sampled in Guinea. On the nucleotide level, the three genomes of this new virus, named Olivier’s shrew virus 1 (OSV-1), are 88–89% similar. The genome organization of OSV-1 is characteristic of all known arteriviruses, yet phylogenetic analysis groups OSV-1 separately from all currently established arterivirus lineages. Therefore, we postulate that OSV-1 represents a member of a novel arterivirus genus. The virus described here represents the first discovery of an arterivirus in members of the order Eulipotyphla, thereby greatly expanding the known host spectrum of arteriviruses.