Kagoshima Prefectural College

The aim of this study was to analyze the data from a cohort study of community-dwelling older people to clarify the impact of low tongue pressure on the onset of malnutrition. The analysis was divided into a baseline and a longitudinal analysis. The baseline analysis included 765 people (median age: 74 years; 276 men and 489 women), and the longitudinal analysis included 100 people (median age: 72 years; 33 men and 67 women). The baseline analysis showed that tongue pressure and the diagnosis of low tongue pressure using a cut-off of 30kPa were associated with the risk of malnutrition (tongue pressure: odds ratio [OR] = 0.972, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.953-0.992, p = 0.006; the diagnosis of low tongue pressure: OR = 1.555, 95% CI = 1.050-2.302, p = 0.027). In the longitudinal analysis, tongue pressure and the diagnosis of low tongue pressure at baseline were associated with the onset of the risk of malnutrition after 4 years (tongue pressure: OR = 0.952, 95% CI = 0.907-0.998, p = 0.041; the diagnosis of low tongue pressure: OR = 2.698, 95% CI = 1.148-6.341; p = 0.023). In community-dwelling older people, low tongue pressure could increase the risk of future malnutrition.

The soil microbial communities in two Japanese paddy fields were compared: site PA, which emits methane at the domestic average level, and site PX, which emits more than five times that amount. The transcription levels of methyl-coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) significantly increased during peak methane emissions at site PX, but not at site PA. The anaerobic methanotroph "Candidatus Methanoperedens" exhibited low activity and abundance exclusively at site PX. The genus Methanoregula was the most active methanogen at both sites; however, the dominant methanotrophs differed, with Methylocystis dominating at site PA and Methylomonas at site PX.

P.297 標題修正

Perceptually natural SDR images should retain enough information for the human observer to estimate the time at which the actual HDR scene was captured. Previous experiments revealed new phenomena related to the variation in personal circadian features in daylight. In this study, we try to extend our hypothesis to twilight (mesoscopic) vision. The key idea of the confirmation process was to focus on the visual perception of full moon texture. The main result suggests that (1) Normalized Visual Percept (NVP) of twilight vision exists and is similar to that used in daylight, and furthermore (2) the former dynamic range is significantly wider than the latter, i.e., CR (contrast ratio) was more than 106:1 vs. 104:1.

The observation of the phytoplankton distribution with a high spatiotemporal resolution is necessary to track the nutrient sources that cause algal blooms and to understand their behavior in response to hydraulic phenomena. Photography from UAVs, which has an excellent temporal and spatial resolution, is an effective method to obtain water quality information comprehensively. In this study, we attempted to develop a method for estimating the chlorophyll concentration from aerial images using machine learning that considers brightness correction based on insolation and the spatial distribution of turbidity evaluated by satellite image analysis. The reflectance of harmful algae bloom (HAB) was different from that of phytoplankton seen under normal conditions; so, the images containing HAB were the causes of error in the estimation of the chlorophyll concentration. First, the images when the bloom occurred were extracted by the discrimination with machine learning. Then, the other images were used for the regression of the concentration. Finally, the coefficient of determination between the estimated chlorophyll concentration when no bloom occurred by the image analysis and the observed value reached 0.84. The proposed method enables the detailed depiction of the spatial distribution of the chlorophyll concentration, which contributes to the improvement in water quality management in reservoirs.

Introduction Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a salvage treatment for local failure after chemoradiotherapy for esophageal cancer. Salvage PDT is the treatment available for vulnerable patients with various comorbidities at risk of salvage esophagectomy. This study assessed the impact of the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) on the outcomes of salvage PDT using talaporfin sodium (TS) for esophageal cancer. Metohds Consecutive patients with esophageal cancer who underwent salvage TS-PDT from 2016 to 2022 were included in this retrospective study. We investigated the local complete response (L-CR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) and evaluated the relationship between the CCI and therapeutic efficacy. Results In total, 25 patients were enrolled in this study. Overall, 12 patients (48%) achieved an L-CR, and the 2-year PFS and OS rates were 24.9% and 59.4%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, a CCI ≥1 (p=0.041) and deeper invasion (p=0.048) were found to be significant independent risk factors for not achieving an L-CR. To evaluate the efficacy associated with comorbidities, we divided the patients into the CCI=0 group (n=11) and the CCI ≥1 group (n=14). The rate of an L-CR (p=0.035) and the 2-year PFS (p=0.029) and OS (p=0.018) rates in the CCI ≥1 group were significantly lower than those in the CCI=0 group. Conclusion This study found that the CCI was negatively associated with the efficacy of salvage TS-PDT for esophageal cancer.

We report a case of spinal radicular arteriovenous fistula (SRAVF) at the lower cervical region in an 80-year-old woman who presented with a sudden onset of headache and nausea due to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Initial computed tomography (CT) showed an SAH mainly in the posterior cranial fossa. 3D-CT angiography (CTA) showed no intracranial aneurysm or dissection. The angiogram showed that the left C7 radiculomedullary artery (RMA) joined the anterior spinal artery (ASA), which supplied a feeding artery toward the AV shunt point at the left C8 level and a draining vein toward the cranial side from the shunt point. The feeding artery had an aneurysm, and there was no left C8 RMA. The preoperative diagnosis was SAH due to spinal perimedullary AVF, prompting a direct anterior approach on day 29.