Kaili University

In this study, using the plant-derived active compounds guaiacol and carvacrol as the lead structures, a series of novel phenol derivatives bearing an 1,2,4-triazole thioether scaffold were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The in vitro antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of these compounds were subsequently evaluated. Bioassay results demonstrated that the target compounds exhibited certain in vitro DPPH and ABTS scavenging as well as α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Notably, 4-ethyl-3-[(5-isopropyl-2-methylphenoxy)methyl]-5-(propylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazole displayed excellent in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with an inhibition rate of 56.68%, surpassing that of the reference drug acarbose (53.00%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis and biological evaluation of this class of phenol derivatives bearing an 1,2,4-triazole thioether scaffold.

A high-entropy strategy has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the functional properties of piezoelectric ceramics for biomedical applications. For this reason, we have designed two novel high-entropy ceramics, (Bi1/2Na1/2)(Zr1/3Sn1/3Ti1/3)O3(BNZST) and (Bi1/2Na1/2)(Zr1/4Sn1/4Hf1/4Ti1/4)O3(BNZSHT), which were synthesized via a two-step solid-state reaction. The phase structure, surface morphology, biocompatibility, and in vitro bioactivity were assessed. The results showed both ceramics adopted perovskite structures. BNZST and BNZSHT ceramics had relatively even crystallite sizes and element distribution, as well as achieving piezoelectric (d33 ≥ 78 pC/N) properties. In vitro tests confirmed a high relative cell growth rate (RSG, >80%) after co-culturing BNZST or BNZSHT ceramic with murine fibroblasts L929 for more than 3 days. In particular, the surface with electric charge enhanced L929 with more extensive, widespread, and dense proliferation for the BNZST ceramic compared to ceramics without BNZST or unpolarized BNZST. The above indicated that multi-element doping and entropy stabilization established a novel pathway for developing a high-entropy bio-piezoelectric ceramics with high biocompatibility and bioactivity, providing the possibility for their use in bone repair materials.

The increasing disorderly charging of electric vehicles (EVs) is challenging the stability of community power systems. However, microgrids offer a pathway for integrating renewable energy and managing EV loads. To optimize capacity allocation in such scenarios, this paper proposes a two-level optimization strategy based on a real-time pricing demand response mechanism. The upper level plans energy storage, photovoltaic, and wind power capacities to minimize annual comprehensive costs, while the lower level optimizes daily scheduling plans. To address renewable energy, conditional generative adversarial networks and an improved k-medoids algorithm are employed for scenario generation and simplification. Simulation results demonstrate that this strategy reduces microgrid operating costs by 5.3% and diminishes peak-to-off-peak load differences by 158.85 kW. Analysis of the impact of the electric vehicle participation scale in vehicle-to-grid interactions on system dispatch effectiveness identified an optimal participation level of 120 electric vehicles. This approach was validated for enhancing economic benefits and promoting sustainable energy utilization.

Chinese adolescents face a dual burden of malnutrition, yet the weight-status-specific mechanisms underlying physical activity (PA) participation remain underexplored. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1573 adolescents (aged 9-15 years) in Shangrao City, China. Validated scales measured social-ecological factors (family/peer support, physical environment), psychological factors (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance), and PA participation. Data preprocessing utilized full information maximum likelihood to handle missing values. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the measurement model, followed by multi-group structural equation modeling to analyze pathway configurations across underweight (n = 187), normal-weight (n = 1070), and overweight/obese (n = 316) groups. Mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping with 5000 resamples. Clear weight-specific patterns emerged. Normal-weight adolescents presented a fully functional comprehensive model where PA was predicted by the stage of change (β = 0.211, p < 0.001), friend support (β = 0.120, p < 0.001), self-efficacy (β = 0.092, p < 0.05), and perceived benefits (β = 0.095, p < 0.01). Underweight adolescents primarily relied on internal readiness driven by stage of change (β = 0.270, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.164, p < 0.05), with family support only indirectly influencing participation via psychological mediators. In contrast, overweight/obese adolescents showed a "socially dependent" pattern: friend support directly predicted PA levels (β = 0.136, p < 0.05), significantly enhanced self-efficacy (β = 0.370, p < 0.01), and effectively lowered perceived barriers (β = -0.165, p < 0.05). Additionally, the physical environment strongly impacted perceived benefits (β = 0.471, p < 0.01) but did not translate into action. These findings underscore the significant differences in PA determinants across the spectrum of malnutrition, necessitating targeted public health interventions to support the Healthy China 2030 initiative.

Abstract Based on density functional theory (DFT), we systematically investigate the adsorption mechanism of As on monolayer PdS 2 . Our results reveal that As exhibits strong chemisorption on the PdS 2 surface, characterized by high adsorption energy and short interatomic distances, leading to a stable adsorption configuration. Electronic structure analysis shows that the adsorption of As introduces new localized electronic states near the Fermi level, significantly reshaping the pristine band structure. This interaction narrows the band gap and induces significant spin polarization, resulting in a magnetic moment of 1 μB, suggesting a transition from non-magnetic semiconducting to magnetic conductive behavior. These pronounced electronic and magnetic responses provide a physical basis for high-sensitivity, tunable sensing applications. Furthermore, recovery time calculations indicate that As desorption is rapid at elevated temperatures (e.g., 1.40 s at 598 K), underscoring the reversibility of the adsorption process. Taken together, monolayer PdS 2 emerges as a promising candidate for real-time monitoring of heavy metal pollutants.

The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and preliminary outcomes of the Equine Assisted Growth and Learning Association (Eagala) model of equine-assisted psychotherapy for active-duty military and veteran trauma survivors. This was a retrospective multi-site observational study. Study participants completed four psychological instruments pre- and post-intervention. These were the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Sheehan Disability Scale. The Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 was also completed post-intervention. Paired-sample t-tests were conducted to assess for changes in the primary outcome variables pre- and post-intervention. The RAPID qualitative approach was used to analyze the qualitative data and develop subthemes. Subjects were 107 participants at 12 sites. Participants ranged in age from 22 to 78 and were predominately male. Findings revealed that the Eagala model intervention can be implemented for this population across multiple sites. Further, treatment engagement may be better than found with conventional psychotherapy interventions for this population. Pre-to-post-intervention changes in scores on the psychological instruments revealed significant decreases in PTSD symptoms, depression, and disability as well as increases in satisfaction with life. Future randomized controlled trails of this intervention are warranted.