Kamchatka State Technical University

The article examines the potential of predictive analytics, which can be used to improve the economic policy of the Kamchatka Territory’s fisheries sector. The necessity of transition to digitalization of management is substantiated. An overview of predictive analytics methods is presented, as well as examples of their implementation in international and Russian practice. The main stages of forecasting to the operating conditions of the fisheries complex of the region are considered.

This study provides the most comprehensive checklist of marine macroalgae to date for Paramushir and Shumshu Islands (Northern Kuril Islands), based on recent field collections and a critical review of historical records. The resulting flora comprises 192 species (33 Chlorophyta, 115 Rhodophyta, 44 Phaeophyceae), extending the known flora of Paramushir by 17 species and that of Shumshu by 37 species. A standout finding is the discovery of Alaria marginata, which represents a first record for the entire Russian Far Eastern seas. Furthermore, we report a dense population of Feditia simuschirensis near Paramushir, indicating this kelp is not endemic to Simushir Island and necessitating a revision of its biogeographic status. In total, 17 species are newly reported for the Northern Kuril Islands, significantly enhancing the understanding of North Pacific phytogeography.

ABSTRACT A generalized additive model (GAM), incorporating sea surface temperature (SST) as a predictor of catch per unit effort (CPUE; tons per hour) from commercial fishing, has been used for the assessment of the major stock of walleye pollock in the Okhotsk Sea. We evaluated 47 GAM configurations and 5 generalized linear model (GLM) configurations for commercial CPUE standardization, including SST and Lagrangian indicators (LIs) as explanatory variables. Incorporating LIs as a regression spline in the GAM improved model performance. Moreover, the vector autoregressive spatiotemporal model (VAST) and generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) including SST and/or LIs were tested to standardize total stock biomass (TSB), based on area‐swept data (t/km 2 ) from scientific surveys. The stock assessment model using standardized TSB outperformed models without the standardized TSB with respect to retrospective analysis and model convergence. These findings highlight the importance of SST and LIs in standardized indices for biomass estimation using cohort models, thereby improving the stock assessments of walleye pollock in the Okhotsk Sea.

In accordance with the requirements of regulatory and technical documents on ships, it is necessary to apply protective protection to prevent contact corrosion of ship systems, apparatuses and equipment when using dissimilar materials, as well as selective and pitting corrosion. It is recommended to make protectors from the following materials: zinc Zn, aluminum Al and steel grade ST-3 or South. On many ships of the Kamchatka Fleet, factory-made zinc and steel protectors are used to protect ship structures (steel hulls and elements of the ship's power plant) from corrosion, as well as steel protectors of their own design and manufacture by the shipowner's mechanical service or at the ship repair plant, which are approved and approved for use on ships by classification societies. At the same time, many ship mechanics of the Kamchatka Fleet face the problem of conducting input technical control of the operability of steel treads supplied for replacement, since there is a lack of appropriate monitoring equipment, methods and competencies. The manual control procedure is time-consuming, complex and has a high risk of obtaining unreliable results due to the influence of errors and human factors. The necessity of developing an affordable and reliable method of technical control of shipboard steel protectors of factory and non-factory manufacture, which can be used by the ship's mechanical service, is substantiated. The description of the developed author's technical method of non-destructive testing of the technical condition of steel treads, which can be implemented on ships by ship crews, is given. To monitor the projector protection, an automated measuring system has been developed, the structure and principle of operation of which are discussed in other articles by the authors. The technical condition of three steel protectors (one factory-made, two manufactured by the shipowner's mechanical service) used on the RS-70 vessel to protect the vessel from corrosion was monitored. It has been established that factory-made protectors and protectors manufactured by marine mechanical services can be used on ships, but to increase reliability, it is recommended to use additional input control according to the developed author's methodology.

The article presents the results of a research of the modes of heat treatment of molded pollock products imitating pasta ones. Molded products imitating pasta ones made from pollock in the shape of noodles 2-4 mm thick, with a ribbon width of 3-6 mm, and a length of at least 15 cm, have been considered as the object of the research. To determine the organoleptic parameters, a descriptive method, a method using point scales, and a method based on the use of profilograms have been used. The results of experiments to determine the optimal modes of heat treatment are presented. The molded samples have been brought to culinary readiness by three types of heat treatment: cooking in boiling water, deep-frying with a frying fat temperature of 140-170 °C, and hot steam treatment with a temperature of 96-98 °C. At the end of the heat treatment, the samples were predried with hot air at a temperature of 60-70 °C; the temperature range was selected taking into account the maximum drying speed, provided that the deformation of the products was minimal. When using hot steam treatment, the test samples were also predried with hot air at a temperature of 40 °C. As a result of the research conducted, the methods of processing by boiling in water and deep-frying were found to be unsatisfactory. The results obtained indicate that it is advisable to use steam heat treatment of molded pollock products imitating pasta ones. The best organoleptic characteristics were obtained with the following treatment modes: steam treatment in 3 stages: 1) preliminary predrying with hot air at 40 °C for 10 minutes, 2) hot steam treatment at 96-98 °C for 10 minutes, 3) predrying with hot air at 60-70 °C for 15 minutes.

The species composition and size of bycatch of various hydrobionts in a specialized bottom trawl fishery for the atka mackerel Pleurogrammus monopterygius off the coast of Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands in the spring of 2016–2020 are considered. The catches included 77 species of fishlike and fish, as well as 9 species of commercial invertebrates. At the same time, their number varies according to fishing areas and depths, and the proportion by mass may exceed that of the main object. Among bycatch species, in addition to those whose fishing is carried out at the present time, high catches are typical for gray rockfish Sebastes glaucus, rock greenling Hexagrammos lagocephalus, great sculpin Myoxocephalus polyacanthocephalus, armorhead sculpin Gymnocanthus galeatus, as well as yellow Irish lord Hemilepidotus jordani and banded Irish lord H. gilberti. In this regard, it is believed that their catch has high potential on the specialized fishery of the atka mackerel.

Holocarpic oomycetes, which had fallen into relative scientific obscurity for quite some time, recently regained scientific interest. Among these organisms, some stand out for infecting commercially valuable red algae, such as the nori algae of the genus Pyropia, rendering them economically significant. After having observed simple holocarpic pathogens of green algae in previous sampling trips, most of which we could not fully characterise due to their scarcity, we now discovered a parasite of the widespread littoral green algae Urospora neglecta. This previously unnoticed parasite turned out to be distinct from another green algae-infesting species, Sirolpidium bryopsidis. This finding led us to formally describe it as Sirolpidium litorale, marking the first new species of holocarpic oomycetes of green algae to be found on the shores of Blávík, East Iceland. The ease of cultivation of U. neglecta offers a unique opportunity to establish a genetically tractable system for studying how Sirolpidium interacts with algae. This could help uncover the underlying mechanisms behind the pathogenicity of the species of this genus and provide valuable insights into their ecological roles and evolutionary history.

Ссылка для цитирования: Цыкунов О.И., Каешков И.С. Анализ эффективности технологии водного Huff and Puff на основе мирового опыта применения и лабораторных исследований // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2023. – Т. 334. – № 4. – С.22-33.
 Актуальность. Сегодня в разработку вводится большое количество нефтяных месторождений с трудноизвлекаемыми запасами, в частности, с низкопроницаемыми коллекторами. При проницаемости менее 1 мД система поддержания пластового давления имеет низкую эффективность, а добывающие скважины имеют высокие темпы падения и низкие дебиты даже при наличии гидроразрыва пласта. Помочь в решении данной проблемы может новая технология – водный Huff and Puff. Данная технология представляет собой циклическую закачку воды, остановку и последующий отбор жидкости на добывающей нефтяной скважине. Она позволяет инициировать процесс капиллярной пропитки в малодебитных безводных скважинах в низкопроницаемом коллекторе и увеличить добычу нефти. Цель: проанализировать мировой опыт применения и лабораторные исследования технологии Huff and Puff, определить ключевые параметры ее эффективности, сформулировать критерии применимости технологии. Объекты: процесс капиллярной пропитки в низкопроницаемом нефтенасыщенном коллекторе, результаты лабораторных исследований, отчеты о применении технологии на нефтяных месторождениях. Методы: оценка и анализ существующих лабораторных исследований технологии на керне, анализ условий и методик проведения экспериментов и их результатов, сравнение с аналогичными исследованиями, выявление общих зависимостей; обзор опыта применения технологии в США, КНР и России, сравнение их результатов с результатами лабораторных исследований. Результаты. В процессе анализа лабораторных исследований выявлены ключевые параметры эффективности применения технологии – наличие трещин в коллекторе, низкая проницаемость, гидрофильность и маленький характерный размер поровых каналов. Анализ мирового опыта применения водного Huff and Puff показал, что технология успешно применяется в КНР на малопроницаемых гидрофильных пластах на скважинах с многостадийным гидроразрывом пласта, что подтверждает лабораторные исследования. Опыт применения в США не был успешным из-за гидрофобности коллекторов. Опыт в России имеет неоднозначные результаты – из-за гидрофильности и низкой проницаемости пласта эффект капиллярной пропитки присутствует, но из-за конструкции скважин и отсутствия раскрытых трещин гидроразрыва пласта значительного эффекта не было. Результаты опыта применения согласуются с данными лабораторных испытаний. В результате данного анализа были сформированы критерии применимости технологии водного Huff and Puff.

Topicality. Significant changes in the environment cause aggravation of ecological problems, especially in urban areas. At the same time, there is growing awareness of the need to stop negative processes in these territories by applying alternative methods and technologies of using natural components to solve various problems. This corresponds to the concept of green infrastructure, which has been implemented in many countries, and the use of its technologies has helped to solve the environmental, social and economic problems of small and large cities.Aim and tasks. The aim of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological foundations for the green infrastructure management of urban ecosystems.Materials and Methods. System and structural analysis, spatial and comparative analysis, methods of knowledge synthesis, abstraction and analogy.Research results. The article substantiates the definition of green infrastructure as a component of the urban ecosystem, which unites a set of natural objects that perform economic, ecological, safety, aesthetic, cultural, recreational functions and ensures the formation of a favorable living space for all elements of the urban ecosystem. The essence and specifics of green infrastructure objects are clarified (stationarity, non-transportability, need for financing contribution (investment, operational), dynamism in their development, ability to increase value, investment attractiveness). The study substantiates the expediency of considering green infrastructure as natural assets of the urban economy with all the prerequisites and consequences (display in the General Development Plans, development strategies, plans and projects, recording on the municipalities accounts, distribution of responsibility for the creation, operation, restoration, etc.), which will directly reflected on the green infrastructure management system. The article justifies the conceptual foundations for the formation of the green infrastructure management system of seaside urban ecosystems as a set of principles, methods, criteria, means, forms and tools for effective interaction between the elements of the urban environment and the processes occurring in it in order to ensure the high quality of the urban ecosystem in general, its environmental safety, social attractiveness and economic efficiency in particular. The methodological components for green infrastructure the management system of seaside urban ecosystems have been developed, namely: the principles and criteria for the effectiveness formation and evaluation; methods, means, forms and tools for ensuring effective interaction between elements of the urban environment and the processes occurring in it.Conclusion. The current environmental situation acts as a limiting factor both for the development of society in general and for the development of individual territories. Therefore, while forming the mission and concept of the urban areas development, more and more emphasis is placed on the ecological component, which includes the creation and maintenance of green areas, the introduction of waste-free technologies, environmentally friendly production, modern technologies of energy and heat supply, sewage and waste disposal, that is, the use of green infrastructure. On the basis of modern trends in the green infrastructure development, authors justified the expediency and legality of its use for the enhancement of the ecological environment, socio-economic conditions of life and recreation, health improvement, and comprehensive development of the urban population are.