Kanagawa University

Immobilized metal complex catalysts based on bis(imidazolyl)methane are synthesized by using mesoporous silica supports. A hydrophobic support, of which the support surface is functionalized by fluoroalkyl and trimethylsilyl groups, leads to the higher activity of the nickel, iron, and copper catalysts toward cyclohexane oxygenation. On the oxidation of cyclohexane with m CPBA by the nickel or iron catalysts, both activity and alcohol selectivity are enhanced as increasing the extent of the support surface modification. On the reaction with H 2 O 2 , the iron catalyst yields cyclohexanol with high selectivity, whereas the copper catalyst mediates sequential oxidation of the formed cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone. Mononuclear iron complex immobilized catalyst with bis(pyridylmethyl)amine‐anchored hydrophobic support is prepared by the reaction of small excess of FeCl 3 with the support. Reaction of large excess of FeCl 3 to the same support yields a mixture of the mononuclear and dinuclear complexes immobilized catalyst. Analyses of the kinetic isotope effect on the cyclohexane oxidation and the product distribution on the cyclohexene oxidation mediated by the iron catalysts with the same hydrophobic support suggest that the mononuclear iron complex with the TPA like ligand gives electrophilic iron‐based oxidant while the bis(imidazolyl)methane scaffold ligand complex provide radical characteristic oxidant.

Progress in chemistry has been driven by the streamlining of inverse problem-solving methods. In the history of chemistry, several revolutionary technologies have led to leaps forward: the establishment of atomistic theory in the 19th century, structural analysis by spectroscopy in the 20th century, and the development of simulation by theoretical chemistry. Currently, chemistry is about to make a significant leap forward by integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI). In 2016, deep learning techniques were introduced in this domain, leading to explosive development. This paper reviews the development path, including traditional models such as variational autoencoders and more up-to-date models such as large language models and diffusion models. We also discuss how AI can have a real impact on chemistry, including the possibilities and problems associated with synthesizing AI-generated molecules.

This paper examines American architect Simon Breines’s 1933 trip to the Soviet Union, analyzing his travel writings to reveal his ideological shift during this period. In 1932, Breines was aligned with scientific modernism as a member of the SSA led by R. Buckminster Fuller, but by 1934 he had shifted toward a Marxist perspective. This study positions his Soviet visit as a key experience in that transition, focusing in particular on how he came to understand the relationship between modernism and socialist realism.

Athelges pileus sp. nov. is described as an abdominal bopyrid of the hermit crab Diogenes edwardsii collected from the Noto Peninsula, Japan. Athelges pileus sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters. Female: head deeply sunk in thorax, anterolateral margin of head with pair of notches; anterior margin of frontal lamina concave; merus of pereopod 1 with broad and long projection ventrally; pereopods 5 and 6 with large gap between them; pleomeres 1-4 each with subovate biramous pleopods; each pleopod with peduncle, becoming smaller posteriorly; pleotelson with mushroom-shaped end. Male: pleon subovate with anal cone distally. The present species is the 14th member of the genus Athelges, and the second species from Asia. This is the second species of Athelges infesting Diogenes edwardsii. We also provide a partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene (658 bp), mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (482 bp), and nuclear 18S rRNA (724 bp) as a DNA barcode for the species. We show by molecular phylogenetic analysis that the present species is distinct from A. takanoshimensis.

Abstract We present results from coordinated multiwavelength observations of the microquasar SS 433, obtained with XRISM, optical telescopes (Seimei, LCO, Tomo-e Gozen, MITSuME), and the kSIRIUS near-infrared camera during 2024 April and 2025 March. The XRISM exposures amounted to ${\sim}200$ ks in 2024 and ~100 ks in 2025, corresponding to different combinations of orbital and precessional phases. With XRISM/Resolve’s high spectral resolution and large effective area, we clearly resolved numerous emission lines even in short time segments, achieving improved accuracy in Doppler-shift measurements relative to earlier observations. The simultaneously obtained X-ray and optical Doppler shifts suggest a possible tendency for the optical emission to lag slightly behind the X-rays. In the Resolve data, the Doppler shifts of the two jet components exhibited apparent asymmetries, with jet speeds fluctuating around ${\sim}0.26 \pm 0.01c$ in 2024 and ${\sim}0.30 \pm 0.01c$ in 2025. The velocity variations indicated modulations on a timescale of ~6.3 d, with a phase offset of about $-90^{\circ }$ relative to the nutation cycle. The observed line widths and flux of the approaching and receding jets appear consistent with the expected geometrical effects, indicating systematically larger line widths in the inner regions of the jets, as proposed by Shidatsu et al. (2025, PASJ, 77, 1313). Optical light curves show flares of ~400 s in 2024 and ~1600 s in 2025, with amplitudes up to ~15% during out-of-eclipse intervals, while the XRISM/Xtend light curves show no significant variability within the overlapping intervals and given the statistical uncertainties. Near-infrared photometry in 2024, obtained during an out-of-eclipse interval at a different epoch from the optical observations, showed no flare-like variability, and the X-ray band also remained constant within uncertainties. These coordinated observations provide a foundation for future XRISM studies aimed at probing the dynamical properties of the relativistic jets in SS 433.

Abstract Background The first-line standard of care (SOC) for patients (pts) with estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (ER+, HER2- aBC) is CDK4/6 inhibitor (i) + endocrine therapy (ET) but effective post-CDK4/6i options remain limited. Giredestrant (GIRE) targets the ER pathway while everolimus (E) targets the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway; both of which are implicated in driving resistance in the post-CDK4/6i setting. evERA BC (NCT05306340) is the first Phase III trial to demonstrate statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in investigator-assessed progression-free survival (INV-PFS) with an all-oral selective ER antagonist and degrader combination of GIRE + E vs SOC ET + E in pts with ER+, HER2- aBC post-CDK4/6i + ET, both in pts whose tumors had a detectable ESR1 mutation (m) and in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population (Mayer ESMO 2025). The safety profile of GIRE + E was manageable with no unexpected findings (Mayer ESMO 2025). We report results from prespecified exploratory subgroup analyses. Methods Pts who had ER+, HER2- aBC with disease progression (PD) post-CDK4/6i + ET in the aBC setting, or relapse during/after CDK4/6i + ET in the adjuvant setting, were randomized 1:1 to once-daily oral 30 mg GIRE + 10 mg E or SOC ET (exemestane, fulvestrant, or tamoxifen) + E until PD or unacceptable toxicity. Mutational status was determined using circulating tumor DNA at baseline. The co-primary endpoints were INV-PFS per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1 in pts whose tumors had detectable ESR1m and in the ITT population. INV-PFS was assessed by subgroup analyses. Results Three-hundred-and-seventy-three pts were randomized; 183 pts were randomized to GIRE + E and 190 to SOC ET + E. A total of 207 pts (55%) had tumors with ESR1m, 115 (31%) had PIK3CAm, and 137 (37%) had alterations (alt) in the PI3K pathway genes (PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN). Sixty-four pts (17%) had both ESR1m and PIK3CAm; 76 (20%) had both ESR1m and PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alt. Ninety-eight percent of pts received a CDK4/6i in the metastatic setting. INV-PFS benefit was observed for GIRE + E vs SOC ET + E regardless of PIK3CAm status or PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alt in both the ESR1m and ITT populations (Table). Consistent benefit was observed regardless of duration of prior CDK4/6i (Table). Data for additional subgroup analyses for prior therapy will be presented. Conclusions GIRE + E led to clinically meaningful improvements in INV-PFS vs SOC ET + E irrespective of PIK3CAm and PIK3CA/AKT1/PTEN alt, and other key relevant subgroups, regardless of ESR1m status. These data support the use of GIRE + E vs SOC ET + E in pts with ER+, HER2- aBC post-CDK4/6i + ET. Citation Format: H. S. Rugo, S. M. Tolaney, K. L. Jhaveri, M. Martin, G. A. Vidal, L. Moscetti, A. Brufsky, W. J. Gradishar, A. Schneeweiss, N. Niikura, A. Favret, M. Alfie, K. S. Lee, S. Khan, M. Feldman, B. M. Day, L. H. Lam, W. C. Darbonne, T. M. Fernando, P. Perez-Moreno, E. L. Mayer.Clinical and biomarker subgroup analysis of evERA Breast Cancer: A Phase III trial of giredestrant plus everolimus in patients with estrogen receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer previously treated with a CDK4/6 inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium 2025; 2025 Dec 9-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2026;32(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS3-09.

We introduce a structural strategy to develop amorphous hole-transporting materials for organic electronics. Utilizing a highly selective nickel-catalyzed cycloaddition oligomerization of 1,6-diyne monomers containing triphenylamine (TPA) or N,N-diphenylnaphthalen-1-amine (DPNA) moieties afforded cyclic polyene oligomers (2a and 2b) in high yields. These medium-sized oligomers are structurally defined, possessing narrow molecular weight polydispersities and adopting an unusual rigid, shrunken cyclic conformation. This feature enables dense accumulation of conductive TPA/DPNA moieties. The resulting materials exhibit excellent thermal stability and successfully maintain a desired amorphous-like morphology in the solid state. Hole-only devices constructed with these oligomers show effective electrical conductivity, achieving a high number of hole mobilities.

This paper presents a systematic design methodology for a class of ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filters composed of multi-section parallel-coupled stepped-impedance resonators (SIRs) and short-circuited stubs (SCSs). After analyzing the relationship between the filter order and the number and loading positions of the SCSs connected at the SIR junctions, a corresponding synthesis theory is established. A Chebyshev-type filtering function is introduced, and the corresponding synthesis equations are derived. To demonstrate the versatility of the proposed approach, seven fifth-order filter configurations are designed for the FCC UWB band. Their performance is verified using circuit/EM simulation tools, and key practical considerations for microstrip implementation are discussed. Furthermore, simulation-based analyses are carried out to investigate the effect of replacing SCSs with open-circuited stubs (OCSs) for enhanced roll-off characteristics. The conclusions provide practical design guidelines for this class of UWB bandpass filters.

Lu(Al, T )B 4 ( T = Cr, Mn, Fe, Mo) have the alternate stacking structure of B-layer and Lu(Al, T )-layer along the c -axis. B-K emission spectra of these materials are measured at two take-off angles of 20° and 70° from the c-plane. The energy region corresponding to the top of valence band (VB) shows a larger spectrum intensity at the smaller take-off angle, responsible for p z character. The bottom region shows the opposite angle dependence, responsible for p x and p y character. The middle of the VB of a large peak intensity shows almost no angle dependence, suggesting an isotropic distribution of bonding charge. As a whole, the angle-dependence of the B-K emission intensity is smaller than that of graphite. This rather isotropic bonding-charge distribution of the boron-layer can make the inter-layer bonding between B-layer and adjacent Lu(Al, T ) layer and is presumably related to the hardness of those bulk materials.

The modified electron spin resonance (ESR)-based photosafety test (ESR-PT) is a non-animal prediction test using ESR spectroscopy that is applicable to hydrophobic and colored chemicals and the results show high concordance with existing photosafety reference information. The modified ESR-PT is based on the detection of singlet oxygen and free radical photoproducts generated from chemicals in the presence of 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine (4-hydroxy-TEMP). We obtained false-negative results caused by signal increment of the control solution, which is used as the denominator of the classifier in the modified ESR-PT, when we used a different type of lighting unit (type I) to the previously used type of lighting unit (type II). Spectral measurement of the irradiated light from the light sources revealed that the type I lighting unit emitted stronger UV-C light than the type II lighting unit. Consequently, as UV-C absorption of 4-hydroxy-TEMP (λmax<210 nm) was confirmed, we repeated the modified ESR-PT using a type I lighting unit equipped with a UV-C cut filter, which led to an apparent decrease of the signal increment in the control solution, and all the false-negative-judged chemicals correctly tested positive but a false positive result was also noted. Therefore, installation of a UV-C cut filter in the lighting unit in modified ESR-PT appears to be a reliable solution for avoiding UV-C light-mediated false-negative results. However, it may also be necessary to reconsider the classifier used in ESR-PT to avoid obtaining false-positive results when using a UV-C cut filter.