Kansas Department for Children and Families

This research aims to develop a doratoon learning medium based on PBL on IPA subjects in grade IV SD. Students' learning interest in the learning process is an important role in learning. To ensure that learning goes smoothly, the student's interest in learning is crucial. We need an application of learning that supports the occurrence of such things and potentially student centers. One such learning model is the problem based learning model. Researchers are interested in raising a learning medium to attract student learning interest in the learning process. The type of research used is R&D (Research and Development). The model used in this research is the ADDIE development model. (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data collection with observations, interviews, spreadsheets and documentation studies. The results of the research showed that the media output after the revision obtained a 97.5% credibility percentage with the category “Very Worthy” and the material outcome after the review gained a 100% credibility percent with the categories “very worthy”. Thus, the development of doratoon learning media based on PBL on IPA subjects in grade IV SD is highly suitable for use by schools, teachers and students.

The edge effect is defined as the change of biotic and abiotic characteristics in the first meters of a forest fragment from the edge towards its interior. In fragments formed by human activities, this change generates increased richness and abundance, as well as changes in the structure of the forest species of soil seed bank in the border region. This study demonstrates that in natural fragments of cloud forests, the abundance and richness positively influence the linear relation from the edge to interior, mainly by distances of 120 and 180 meters from the edge. This effect can be a result of new plant growth, or ‘pioneer’ occupation in gaps in the forests generated by large fallen trees.

O artigo discute diferentes concepções e maneiras de lidar com o erro no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da matemática. Partindo da ideia de que errar é inevitável na prática escolar, o artigo trata da questão de como transformar o erro em algo didaticamente produtivo. Ressalta-se o papel do erro na expressão e na aquisição de conhecimentos matemáticos, bem como a importância de inseri-lo no planejamento e na dinâmica da sala. As concepções e propostas discutidas são ilustradas com exemplos retirados de pesquisas conduzidas em sala de aula e em situações controladas de investigação, versando sobre resoluções de problemas matemáticos por crianças.

We introduce a basis for a bi-dimensional finite matrix calculus and a bi-dimensional finite matrix action principle. As an application, we analyze scalar and spinorial fields in $D=4n+2$ in this approach. We verify that to establish a bi-dimensional matrix action principle we have to define a Dirac-algebra-modified Lebniz rule. From the bi-dimensional equations of motion, we obtain a matrix holomorphic feature for massless matrix scalar and spinorial fields.

This paper explores ways in which temporal cycles and sequences organize events \Nithin family systems. The family is viewed as being in a network of systems which includes biological, behavioral and social interactional levels. Dimensions of temporal organization in the family system discussed are: (1) circadian cycles, particularly the relation between body temperature biorhythms and day-night periodicity; (2) the various forms of time frames which arise from different system levels; (3) the degree of synchrony within and across time frames; (4) and the sequential ·organization of family interaction. Implications for research are discussed wh.ich suggest multi-methodologies in examining cyclical and sequential temporal organization in the family over various time frames and system levels.