Kharkiv State Veterinary Academy

Modeling recurring concepts in unbalanced data streams is a machine learning task that involves classifying data when the number of examples of each class is unequal.

The article analyzes the methodology of professional critical analysis of dance art work and outlines the prospects of development of this vector of choreological activities. The purpose of the article is a goal-oriented description of methods of professional analysis of choreographic works in the context of habit training of choreographers’ critical thinking. The methods used are as follows: method of synthesis, systematic approach, method of structural analysis, method of analysis of musical content, analysis of the specific character of audience perception, analysis of semiotic components of the work, analysis of the dialectic of a choreographic text. The criteria for the analysis of choreographic works can be worked out through the use of innovative technologies. it is possible to make additional arguments based on the experience of mathematical, music and linguistic methodology. The combination of innovative technologies with techniques that consider the quantitative and qualitative indicators of dance, allows the analysis of a choreographic work to move to a new more evidence-based level. Further development of this applied research issue can be aimed at improving the theoretical apparatus of the proposed innovative methods, or the development of new techniques based on technical developments in the field of GPS-devices.

A new method for determining the quality of the shell of edible and hatching eggs of hens has been developed. The method is based on thermal programmed desorption-mass spectrometry (TPD-MS), which consists in study kinetic parameters of carbon dioxide release from a 0,5 – 5 mkg eggshell sample during a linear temperature rise in vacuumed quartz tubes by electron impact ionization mass spectrometer with subsequent mathematical processing of obtained thermograms (curves “signal intensity carbon dioxide vs temperature”). Analysis of the thermograms makes it possible to sorting of hatching and laying hen eggs according to quality indicators, which closely correlate with indicators of density and peculiarities of microstructure of biocrystalline layers of eggshells of incubation and laying eggs. These data allow us to make conclusions about the suitability of certain batches of eggs to further technological operations

Responding to new challenges of the 21st century, education should prepare a communicative, creative, competitive specialist, ready for high-quality professional activities, able to adapt to a new educational environment, and to a critical rethinking of a significant number of innovations. Nowadays in Ukraine, there is a change of priorities; the role of education is enhanced by culture, arising a need fоr a specialist who has cultural competence. The following tasks were identified: to clarify the essence of the concept of “cultural competence” and prove the need of its formation in the future philologistʼs teacher; to analyze the cultural meaning of the social line of the program in the Ukrainian language for the 5–9 grades; to disclose the methodological aspect of the studying of ethnocultural material in the lessons of the Ukrainian language, Ukrainian literature, and Ukrainian studies. The article states that the upbringing moral and ethical values of each young person will be carried out during such an educational process, aimed at the formation of its worldview enriched with humanistic views and ideals inherent in Ukrainian ethnoculture. The philologist, who will have formed professional competences and primarily, a cultural one, will be able to prepare a cultural young generation. The current cultural competence of the future philologist will indicate his/her ability to realize himself/herself as a carrier of the culture of a certain ethnic group. The determining components of its cultural competence consider the following: the ability to master their native language at a high level; understanding of cultural ethnic images reflected in the Ukrainian literature; awareness of the peculiarities of the mentality, the nature and psychology of their ethnos; determination of cultural differences of its ethnos from the cultures of other ethnic groups. Such a philologist will subsequently help a young person to master the ability to analyze and evaluate the achievements of Ukrainian culture and orient to the ethnocultural space of the nation.

Diseases of metabolism, in particular mineral and vitamin, are widespread among animals of various species, and lead to significant economic loses as a result of decrease in productivity. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of veterinary drug «Forvit solution of vitamins A, D, E, F in oil for injection» in the complex treatment of cows with osteodystrophy. The object of the study was 8 black-and-white cows at the age of 4-6 years, with clinical signs of osteodystrophy. The diagnosis was made in a complex base; we took into account anamnestic data, clinical symptoms and laboratory tests of blood serum. Clinical studies of cows were carried out according to the generally accepted methods. After confirming the diagnosis, the animals were prescribed complex treatment. We gave 100 g of Tricalciumphosphate with grain every cow once a day during 25 days and injected intramuscularly 15 ml of «Forvit solution of vitamins A, D, E, F in oil for injection» once every 5 days, a total -5 injections. Inorganic phosphorus - by the spectrophotometric method; calcium (total and ionized) - using the AEK-01 electrolyte analyzer; alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity according to the Bodansky method; activity of alanine (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferases (AST) - by an optimized enzymatic kinetic method (a set of reagents from Vital Diagnostics SPb); protein - by biuret reaction; cholesterol - by the Endrashik method; urea and creatinine - by the kinetic method were determined in blood serum. Mathematical processing was carried out using the Fisher-Student T-test and the standard "Statistics" package in the EXCEL program. The cause of osteodystrophy in cows was a lack of calcium (30,4 %), phosphorus (30,3%) and vitamin D (86,5 %) in the diet. Clinically, the disease was manifested by unsteadiness of the incisors, resorption of the last caudal vertebrae, and partial lysis of the last pair of ribs. Concentration of calcium and phosphorus in blood serum of cows with osteodystrophy was reduced by 11,5 % and 11,1 %, respectively, and activity of alkaline phosphatase was increased by 47,2% compared with the norm. Concentration of calcium increased by 6,9 %, and activity of alkaline phosphatase decreased by 47,4 % in blood serum of cows after using «Forvit solution of vitamins A, D, E, F in oil for injection» and Tricalciumphosphate.

Among the ectoparasitoses of small ruminants, psoroptosis has an important place - a common acarosis disease caused by a permanent ectoparasite of the genus Psoroptes (Psoroptidae: Acariformes). This highly contagious invasion causes huge economic losses in many countries with developed sheep breeding. The aim of the work is to study the distribution and analyze the clinical signs in psoroptosis in sheep and wild goats. Research objectives: to determine the effectiveness of drugs in psoroptosis of sheep and wild goats in conditions of anthropobiocenoses. The material was skin scrapings from 63 sheep (Ovis aries) of fine-fleece breeds: Prekos and Romanovskaya, which belonged to the Scientific and Production Center of Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy (SPC KhSZVA) and from 17 wild goats: 14 Siberian mountain goats (Capra siberica) and 3 Marhura (Capra falconeri), which belonged to Government Organization (GO) «Feldman Eco-Park». The acarological study has carried out by the compressor method using a 50 % aqueous solution of glycerin and a 10 % alkali solution (KOH). For the treatment of sheep and wild goats, macrolides «Iveron-10», «Dectomax» were used at a dose of 0.2 ml per 10 kg of animal body weight, twice at 30 and 14 day intervals, respectively. In addition, a synthetic pyrethroid «Butox-50» by the bathing method in water emulsion (twice at 10 day intervals) after shearing sheep, in diluted 1 ml per 1 liter of water ex tempore. The infestation of sheep and wild goats by Psoroptes ovis mites (Hering, 1838) in 2017–2019 was 100 % with varying degrees of body surface damage. In 65.1 % of sheep of the SPC KhSZVA, hair loss was observed on 80–100 % of the body surface, in 28.6 % of animals – 50–79 % of the surface, 6.3 % – less than 50 % of the body surface. In 94.1 % of wild goats of the GO «Feldman Eco-Park», lesions were recorded up to 50 % of the body surface, and in 5.9 % – total lesion. Total lesion in wild goats was characterized by lesions of the surface of the head, ears and neck with significant keratinization of the skin to the inner layers with deep cracks and bleeding, and in sheep, by lesions of the entire surface of the body. Mortality in sheep was 3.2 %, and in wild goats - 5.9 % with generalized form. The applied treatment regimens of sheep and wild goats for psoroptosis with injectable preparations «Iveron-10» and «Dectomax», respectively, at a dose of 0.2 ml per 10 kg of animal body weight, twice at 30 and 14 day intervals with additional bathing of sheep in water emulsion of «Butox-50» (twice at 10 day intervals) showed 100 % efficiency.

Choosing the optimal time of insemination of she-dogs is one of the urgent problems in the reproduction of dogs, because it causes fertility and can be the cause of artificially acquired infertility or low in fertility. To this end, a number of methods are used in practice, but none of them fully meets the requirements. Therefore, the question of choosing a method for determining the optimal time of insemination of bitches remains unresolved. In this regard, the purpose of our research was to study the effectiveness of the use of the microscope “Arbor Elite” to determine the fertile period of she-dogs. The work was performed in the Clinical Diagnostic Center “Rancho” of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University. The material for the study were female dogs of different breeds with a physiological course of sexual cycling. In order to determine the optimal time of insemination of bitches used test microscope “Arbor Elite”, the principle of which is based on the phenomenon of salivation arborization, due to the presence of salts that crystallize as a result of increasing estrogen in the body in the stage of proestrus-estrus. There are 3 types of dried saliva after crystallization: Type I – small crystals in the form of thin stems/a large number of formed crystals “twigs”. Fertilization is probable (stage of proestrus with insignificant / moderate estrogen secretion); Type II – fern leaves, crystals with a thick stem. The probability of fertilization is maximum (estrus stage with maximum estrogen production); Type III – outlines of sand or pebbles, no crystals. Fertilization is unlikely (met- / diestrus stage). It is established that the efficiency of using the test microscope “Arbor Elite” to determine the fertile period of female dogs is 85.2 %. However, the effectiveness of the method can be increased by differentiating endocrine pathology. In addition, the use of a test microscope “Arbor Elite” has other advantages, in particular, is simple, does not require special knowledge or training, so it can be used at home. But the main advantage is that its implementation in combination with other methods can reduce financial costs and reduce the impact of stressors (ie reduces the number of visits for sampling and cytological and hormonal tests). The method of determining the fertile period of she-dogs using a test microscope “Arbor Elite” needs further research and improvement, and its combination with other methods will optimize the diagnosis of optimal insemination time not only in bitches but also in females of different species.

The article presents forensic veterinary characteristics of fractures, fracture dislocations, dislocations and subluxations of skeletal bones in animals classified as severe injuries, including open and closed fractures of the upper and lower jaws, which lead to inability to receive normal food and water after healing; fracture or fracture dislocation of one or more thoracic or lumbar vertebrae along with spinal cord dysfunction or in the presence of clinically established severe shock; fracture of the dorsal or ventral arch of the first cervical vertebra; fractures and fracture dislocations of arches from the second to the seventh cervical vertebrae, as well as fractures of the dentate gyrus of the second cervical vertebra, including or excluding violation of the integrity and function of the spinal cord; dislocations and subluxations of the cervical vertebrae with life-threatening phenomena; closed fractures of the hyoid bone, closed and open injuries of the endocrine glands, which are located in the neck (thyroid, parathyroid, thymus - in young animals) - with life-threatening phenomena; open fractures of the humerus, femur and tibia; pelvic fractures with life-threatening phenomena. These injuries are classified as severe due to the fact that they harm the health of the animal and are life-threatening at the time of infliction, or after a certain period of time. They lead to the emergence and development of life-threatening phenomena and without necessary and sufficient veterinary care may end in death. A bone fracture is a complete violation of its anatomical integrity. Fractures can be non-fragmentary with the division of the bone into two fragments, fragmentary, and traumatic epiphysiolysis (with separation of bone part). If traumatic dislocation is accompanied by a fracture of the articular end of the bone, this condition should be diagnosed as fracture dislocation. For forensic veterinary examination of animals in case of fractures of tubular bones, such important features as the type of deformation (displacement (cutting), bending, compression, torsion, tension), the direction of the fracture line, the depth of penetration of fragments, the place of application of fractures, differentiation of injury, establishing the characteristics of the subject, the sequence of injury and the mechanism of injury should be taken into account. The empirical basis of the study is the analysis of expert opinions on the results of forensic veterinary examinations on animal cruelty, conducted in the Bureau of Forensic Veterinary Research at Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy from 2010 to 2020, as well as at the laboratory of forensic research of the National Research Center “Institute of Forensic Science named after Professor M.S. Bokarius” of the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine from 2017 to 2020. The aim of the study was to provide forensic veterinary characteristics of fractures of the skeletal bones in animals qualified as serious injuries. Modern methods of scientific cognition are used, in particular: general scientific (system-structural analysis, logical-grammatical, modelling), as well as special (clinical and pathomorphological).

The results of research represent the impact of extensive doses of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium in store pigs bodies. Heavy metals were fed jointly and individually in the doses exceeding the maximum allowable concentrations in the fodder by 10 and 20 times. Therefore, the process of intoxication of the biological object (a swine) by heavy metals is modeled in a way similar to that, which might occur as the result of environmental pollution. The study was performed in order to determine the targets and the extent of the impact of heavy metals exerted upon the body weight, weight of inner parts of the animal body, and the incorporation rate of heavy metals in the swine breeding products. Statistical processing of the obtained data allowed developing mathematical models and determining the correlational relationships between the aspects under investigation. It is determined that heavy metals exert an essential negative impact upon the rate of animal growth and the power of influence increases with the dose. It is also confirmed by a high value of correlational relationship between these parameters (the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.854). Thus, the body weight of swine during the latter of I-II stagesdecreased by 5.5 to 14.8% as it was compared to the control under the influence of hemotoxic substances. The extent of the impact was also dependent upon the toxin itself. Thus, the largest negative effect was observed both under the impact of cadmium only and of cadmium and lead taken together. The highest accumulation of heavy metals was observed in the liver and kidneys, whereas the lowest – in the muscles. The built regression equations showed that increasing of the dose of the relevant element in the fodder exerted the main impact on concentration of cadmium and lead in the body and meat. The content of cadmium in the fodder exerted an impact upon concentration of lead in the meat – with the increase of cadmium concentration the content of lead in the meat decreased. The results of the studies provide an overview of the targets and the extent of the impact exerted by heavy metals upon biological objects. The mathematical models may be used for prediction of the impact and the incorporation rate value of the hemotoxic substances in the swine breeding products. Key words: lead, cadmium, swine breeding products, ecocide environmental impact, migration of xenobiotic, mathematical model.