Kharkiv University of Air Force

ABSTRACT This study investigates how the architecture and key parameters of a hybrid turboelectric power plant (HTEPP) energy system influence the performance and environmental characteristics of a light regional passenger aircraft. Three HTEPP configurations are analyzed: (i) kerosene and liquid hydrogen supplied to both the combustion chamber and a fuel cell (FC), (ii) kerosene supplied to the combustion chamber with hydrogen supplied only to the FC, and (iii) kerosene supplied to the combustion chamber with hydrogen produced onboard via kerosene reforming for FC supply. A 20-seat aircraft concept derived from the L-410UVP-E family is developed and upgraded to accommodate the HTEPP, using the AI-450S-2 L-410UVP-E family is developed and upgraded to accommodate the HTEPP, using the AI-450S-2 turboprop engine and AI-P500V5 propellers. The study applies a semi-empirical aerodynamic method and a modular simulation framework (“Integration 2.2”) to estimate mission power demand, subsystem mass/volume characteristics, payload–range capability, and gross harmful emissions consistent with ICAO Annex 16 methodology. Results show that range gains from the HTEPP are modest due to mass penalties, whereas emissions reductions are more pronounced: approximately 21.1% for Scheme 1, 16.2% for Scheme 2, and 10.3% for Scheme 3. Turbine inlet gas temperature decreases by about 6–8% across all schemes, implying potential durability benefits. The findings highlight the central role of energy-management strategy and hybridization degree in determining feasible architectures and performance trade-offs for regional hybrid-electric aircraft.

Att undersöka segregation förutsätter en lång rad val. De rör dels vilken slags segregation (t ex boendesegregation eller skolsegregation) och vilka slags utgångsattribut (t ex etnicitet eller socioekonomisk ställning) som ska stå i fokus. Därtill behöver man också välja med vilket mått segregationen ska mätas samt göra avgränsningar i tid och rum. Alla dessa val har konsekvenser för en undersöknings resultat. Således är de av intresse både för den som står i begrepp att genomföra en undersökning och den som tar del av andras undersökningar. Här demonstreras hur bilden av segregation är motsägelsefull, varpå en redogörelse för hur intresset för boendesegregation växte fram under 1900-talets gång, breddas ut till att också omfatta andra slags segregation, och varför det uppfattas som ett samhällsproblem. Sedan diskuteras förutsättningarna att undersöka segregation beroende på utgångsattribut. Mot denna bakgrund är det förväntat att bilden av segregation är mångfacetterad. Vilket mått på segregation som används, samt hur sätten att aggregera data i tid och rum, påverkar också resultaten, men alltför ofta beaktas inte det valda måttets egenskaper och dataaggregeringen tas för given. Därför lyckas segregation i varierande utsträckning ”gömma sig undan” i studier som avser att belysa den. Följaktligen blir den sammantagna bilden av segregation onödigt skev och motsägelsefull.

Due to its unique mix of natural resources, economic opportunities, and cultural heritage, Sinai is an area that offers immense potential for academic studies and research. Investigations into the region’s environmental challenges, resource management, sustainable tourism, and regional conflicts can provide valuable insights for policymakers and participants. Studies focused on the ecological balance, conservation efforts, and the impact of tourism on local communities and environments are also critical as Sinai continues to develop its economic activities. Endophytes are known for their ability to increase plant productivity through different mechanisms, which include enhancing nutrient uptake and alleviating biotic and abiotic stress, especially desert plant endophytes, which make them possible candidates to be used as an alternative to conventional solutions to agriculture in extreme environments. Both plants and endophytes can be used to solve environmental problems. In this review we are going to investigate Sinai environment, flora, and their endophytes, while focusing on potential of endophytes in sustainable agriculture.

The article analyzes vulnerabilities related to IoT devices and intelligent systems, with a focus on the use of neural networks to enhance cybersecurity. The main information security threats are examined, particularly attacks on the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of connected devices. The effectiveness of deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), in detecting and mitigating cyber threats is assessed. Special attention is given to the application of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to improve transparency and trust in decision-making within the cybersecurity context. The proposed approach demonstrates the potential of neural networks in forming resilient and adaptive systems capable of responding to modern technological challenges in the face of cyber threats.

Accurate mapping of complex health data to the OMOP CDM while preserving clinical nuance remains a challenge. We introduce Jackalope Plus, a novel tool leveraging SNOMED CT post-coordination and a GPT-4o mini LLM, to significantly enhance the precision and efficiency of this process. Our two-step approach combines semantic search with LLM-driven standardization, enabling accurate conversion of intricate medical concepts. Evaluation on benchmark and custom datasets demonstrates that Jackalope Plus identifies correct mappings for over 77.5% of complex terminologies, substantially outperforming Usagi (52.5%) and matching the accuracy of manual mapping while offering up to 50% time savings. Jackalope Plus offers a versatile solution for diverse healthcare data environments. Future work will focus on refining the tool through user feedback integration and addressing ambiguities in overlapping concepts. A free beta version is available for research and feedback. Ethical review confirms no storage of patient-identifiable information.

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Artificial intelligence has significant potentials in revolutionizing education by enhancing teaching methods, personalizing learning experiences, and improving educational outcomes. The aim of the research is to specify the role of AI in creation of future education and to outline the potentials and challenges artificial intelligence can bring within the educational process. To answer the research questions the case study on the role of AI in the creation of future education was conducted. The methods included structured interviews among institutions administrators, faculty members, students, and AI developers; survey among students and faculty to collect quantitative data on their use of and attitudes towards AI technologies; classroom observations. Over 50 recent scientific works were selected to evaluate the role of artificial intelligence in education and to conduct the comparative educational analysis. The research was conducted among 56 participants, in particularly 9 institutions administrators, 19 faculty members, 24 students, and 4 artificial intelligence developers. The results showed that artificial intelligence integrated in the educational process are used to design simulation-based activities, organize personalized learning, form specific skills among students, and automate the administrative process. artificial intelligence leads to enhancement of learning outcomes among students, increased efficiency, and greater accessibility of education, during war in particularly when the educational process can be disrupted. Using artificial intelligence in education presents several challenges that need to be addressed for its effective implementation. Also, it was found that efficient using artificial intelligence tools within the educational process will lead to the creation of positive artificial intelligence based learning landscape at the institutions of higher education which is characterized by efficiency, interactivity, inclusivity, innovation, and accessibility. The results of research can be implied by educational institutions to improve the educational process and by EdTech companies to develop educational tools and platforms.

The spread of disinformation in digital communication causes anti-democratic behaviour among Internet users, which may threaten national security. The aim of the study was to determine the legal means of combating disinformation on the Internet as the main factor in shaping antisocial behaviour in terms of digital content. This issue was studied using the methods of comparative analysis, system logical analysis and doctrinal approach, as well as empirical and theoretical methods. Legal means of combating disinformation in cyberspace are means aimed at detecting and removing manipulative information from the information space. The state information policy aimed at combating fakes should ensure the transparency of digital platforms, improve the digital literacy of society, and establish monitoring and control over the information flow in cyberspace. International information standards oblige developers of social networks and digital platforms to create accessible and safe content for their users to combat disinformation in cyberspace. The results of the study are useful for governments in the context of the formation of an effective state system of means of combating fake news.

It is proposed to use a whispering gallery mode dielectric resonator with a segmental curved surface as mm-wave omnidirectional antenna with a multi-lobe radiation pattern in the azimuthal plane. The directions of the maxima of the lobes of the diagram can be shifted by a small change in frequency. This makes it possible to form a pie chart and cover the entire sector of angles 0 … 360 degrees. The antenna is made of Teflon. The measurements of the parameters of the radiation pattern have been carried out. The dependences of its shape on frequency are obtained.

The article reveals the concept of a criminal offense as one of the main definitions in criminal law. Investigated its mandatory features, which are directly of great importance in the criminal legal assessment. It shows the lack of definition of the concept of a criminal offense in the draft of the Criminal Code of Ukraine dated by the 30 of May 2021, which consists lacking of a sign of public danger, and thereby ignores the continuity of the development of Ukrainian legislation on criminal liability and the achievements of the science of domestic criminal law. It covers the issues of differentiation of views on the concept of a criminal offense of the Government of Ukraine and the European Court of Human Rights, an example of one of the cases of this Court («Gurepka v. Ukraine» from the 6 of September 2005) is given and, because of reasoned conclusions, changes are proposed to improve the criminal legislation of Ukraine (which were also not considered in the preparation of the draft of the Criminal Code of Ukraine dated by the 30 of May 2021). The authors consider the importance of a criminal offense in the criminal and closely related criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine. Given the fact that the concept of criminal offense is used in international practice, in particular in accordance with the practice of the European Court of Human Rights, we consider it appropriate to establish the following deadlines for liability: 1) in Art. 63 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Imprisonment for a definite term» - a minimum term of three hours (not one year, as in the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, not three months, as proposed in the draft Criminal Code of Ukraine of May 31, 2021); 2) in Art. 32 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses «Administrative arrest» - a maximum period of 3 hours of administrative arrest (and not up to 15 days, as now), as well as 3) the authors supported the view of amending Part 1 of Art. 60 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine «Arrest», stating this part as follows: «Punishment in the form of arrest is set for a period of one day to six months», or set an even shorter minimum term of arrest. The criminal-legal significance of a criminal offense is that it depends on: 1) criminal liability of a person (Articles 2, 11, Part 2 of Article 14, Article 17, Article 31 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine), 2) separation of a criminal offense from a minor act (Part 1 of Article 11 of Part 2 of Article 11 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); 3) the type of sentence imposed from 12 possible for adults (Articles 51-59 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) or 6 possible types of punishment for minors (Articles 98-102 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine) and the period during which the person will be punished; 4) a criminal record, which is provided only for the commission of a criminal offense and which is valid for a period specified by law (Articles 88-91, 108 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); 5) the possibility of exemption from criminal liability (Articles 45-49, Article 106, Part 2 of Article 111, Part 2 of Article 114, Part 4 of Article 212, Part 5 of Article 258, Part 6 Article 260, Part 3, Article 263, Part 4, Article 289, Part 4, Article 401 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine etc.); 6) the possibility of release from punishment (Articles 75-87, 104-105 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine); 7) the right of the court to apply coercive measures of a medical nature (paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 93, Articles 94-95 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). Keywords: significance of a criminal offense, criminal legislation of Ukraine, decisions of the European Court of Human Rights.