Khazar University

The main objective of this work is to explore the theoretical existence of traversable wormholes in Rastall teleparallel theory under the matter source described by solitonic quantum wave and Navarro-Frenk-White density profiles. We utilize the Morris-Thorne geometric setup to describe the wormhole geometry, from which the anisotropic field equations are obtained in terms of the torsion scalar. Under a constant redshift function, we derive the shape functions in connection with both dark matter models and examine their compliance with traversability conditions. Both the obtained functions satisfy the defined criteria, creating a topological bridge between asymptotically flat spacetimes. The existence of wormhole solutions is further investigated by measuring the extent to which they violate the null energy condition. We further investigate other geometric features, such as computation of the active gravitational mass, the volume integral quantifier, the embedding diagrams, and an evaluation of the anisotropy. The analysis confirms that both wormhole solutions are theoretically viable under the presence of exotic fluid within the considered teleparallel-based framework.

Contamination of food products with mycotoxins is an important challenge to food safety and public health, highlighting the need for the development of efficient and reliable analytical methods. Sample preparation plays a crucial role in mycotoxin analysis due to the complexity of food matrices and the low concentrations involved. Conventional preparation techniques have limitations such as the use of large amounts of organic solvents, time-consuming processes, and process complexity. A new area of research focuses on replacing toxic organic solvents with green solvents in extraction processes for mycotoxins from food samples. Deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids, introduced as second-generation extraction mediums, are used in various sample preparation methods prior to analytical determinations. This review article discusses the use of these solvents in both classic and modern extraction methods used for mycotoxin analysis in food samples along with their advantages and disadvantages. All aspects of these methods are covered and the properties of these solvents will be considered. • ILs and DESs types, properties, and applications were reviewed. • The application of ILs and DESs based sample preparation methods was discussed. • Advantages and disadvantages of all developed methods were considered in food analysis. • The application of ILs and DESs in food analysis was reviewed.